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Castro-Vargas C, Oakeshott JG, Yeap HL, Lacey MJ, Lee SF, Park SJ, Taylor PW, Pandey G. Differential pheromone profile as a contributor to premating isolation between two sympatric sibling fruit fly species. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2024; 24:26. [PMID: 38913610 PMCID: PMC11195474 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) and Bactrocera neohumeralis (Hardy) are sibling fruit fly species that are sympatric over much of their ranges. Premating isolation of these close relatives is thought to be maintained in part by allochrony-mating activity in B. tryoni peaks at dusk, whereas in B. neohumeralis, it peaks earlier in the day. To ascertain whether differences in pheromone composition may also contribute to premating isolation between them, this study used solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to characterize the rectal gland volatiles of a recently collected and a more domesticated strain of each species. These glands are typical production sites and reservoirs of pheromones in bactrocerans. A total of 120 peaks were detected and 50 were identified. Differences were found in the composition of the rectal gland emissions between the sexes, species, and recently collected versus domesticated strains of each species. The compositional variation included several presence/absence and many quantitative differences. Species and strain differences in males included several relatively small alcohols, esters, and aliphatic amides. Species and strain differences in females also included some of the amides but additionally involved many fatty acid esters and 3 spiroacetals. While the strain differences indicate there is also heritable variation in rectal gland emissions within each species, the species differences imply that compositional differences in pheromones emitted from rectal glands could contribute to the premating isolation between B. tryoni and B. neohumeralis. The changes during domestication could also have significant implications for the efficacy of Sterile Insect Technique control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Castro-Vargas
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - John Graham Oakeshott
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Heng Lin Yeap
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Lacey
- National Collections and Marine Infrastructure, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Siu Fai Lee
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Soo Jean Park
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Fruit Fly Biosecurity Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip Warren Taylor
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Fruit Fly Biosecurity Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Gunjan Pandey
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
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2
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Juteršek M, Gerasymenko IM, Petek M, Haumann E, Vacas S, Kallam K, Gianoglio S, Navarro-Llopis V, Heethoff M, Fuertes IN, Patron N, Orzáez D, Gruden K, Warzecha H, Baebler Š. Transcriptome-informed identification and characterization of Planococcus citri cis- and trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthase genes. iScience 2024; 27:109441. [PMID: 38523795 PMCID: PMC10960109 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Insect physiology and reproduction depend on several terpenoid compounds, whose biosynthesis is mainly unknown. One enigmatic group of insect monoterpenoids are mealybug sex pheromones, presumably resulting from the irregular coupling activity of unidentified isoprenyl diphosphate synthases (IDSs). Here, we performed a comprehensive search for IDS coding sequences of the pest mealybug Planococcus citri. We queried the available genomic and newly generated short- and long-read P. citri transcriptomic data and identified 18 putative IDS genes, whose phylogenetic analysis indicates several gene family expansion events. In vitro testing confirmed regular short-chain coupling activity with five gene products. With the candidate with highest IDS activity, we also detected low amounts of irregular coupling products, and determined amino acid residues important for chain-length preference and irregular coupling activity. This work therefore provides an important foundation for deciphering terpenoid biosynthesis in mealybugs, including the sex pheromone biosynthesis in P. citri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Juteršek
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iryna M. Gerasymenko
- Plant Biotechnology and Metabolic Engineering, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Marko Petek
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Elisabeth Haumann
- Plant Biotechnology and Metabolic Engineering, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sandra Vacas
- Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo-CEQA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kalyani Kallam
- Engineering Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Silvia Gianoglio
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Navarro-Llopis
- Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo-CEQA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
| | - Michael Heethoff
- Animal Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Nicola Patron
- Engineering Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Diego Orzáez
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Kristina Gruden
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Heribert Warzecha
- Plant Biotechnology and Metabolic Engineering, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Špela Baebler
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Rodríguez-Leyva E, García-Pascual E, González-Chávez MM, Méndez-Gallegos SDJ, Morales-Rueda JA, Posadas-Hurtado JC, Bravo-Vinaja Á, Franco-Vega A. Interactions of Opuntia ficus-indica with Dactylopius coccus and D. opuntiae (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) through the Study of Their Volatile Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:963. [PMID: 38611492 PMCID: PMC11013929 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica has always interacted with many phytophagous insects; two of them are Dactylopius coccus and D. opuntiae. Fine cochineal (D. coccus) is produced to extract carminic acid, and D. opuntiae, or wild cochineal, is an invasive pest of O. ficus-indica in more than 20 countries around the world. Despite the economic and environmental relevance of this cactus, D. opuntiae, and D. coccus, there are few studies that have explored volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from the plant-insect interaction. The aim of this work was to determine the VOCs produced by D. coccus and D. opuntiae and to identify different VOCs in cladodes infested by each Dactylopius species. The VOCs (essential oils) were obtained by hydrodistillation and identified by GC-MS. A total of 66 VOCs from both Dactylopius species were identified, and 125 from the Esmeralda and Rojo Pelón cultivars infested by D. coccus and D. opuntiae, respectively, were determined. Differential VOC production due to infestation by each Dactylopius species was also found. Some changes in methyl salicylate, terpenes such as linalool, or the alcohol p-vinylguaiacol were related to Dactylopius feeding on the cladodes of their respective cultivars. Changes in these VOCs and their probable role in plant defense mechanisms should receive more attention because this knowledge could improve D. coccus rearing or its inclusion in breeding programs for D. opuntiae control in regions where it is a key pest of O. ficus-indica.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esperanza García-Pascual
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis Potosí, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78622, Mexico; (E.G.-P.); (Á.B.-V.)
| | - Marco M. González-Chávez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78210, Mexico; (J.C.P.-H.); (A.F.-V.)
| | - Santiago de J. Méndez-Gallegos
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis Potosí, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78622, Mexico; (E.G.-P.); (Á.B.-V.)
| | - Juan A. Morales-Rueda
- Viscoelabs, Materials Research Center, Librado Rivera 390, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78200, Mexico;
| | - Juan C. Posadas-Hurtado
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78210, Mexico; (J.C.P.-H.); (A.F.-V.)
| | - Ángel Bravo-Vinaja
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis Potosí, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78622, Mexico; (E.G.-P.); (Á.B.-V.)
| | - Avelina Franco-Vega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78210, Mexico; (J.C.P.-H.); (A.F.-V.)
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Dos Santos AT, Souza JPA, Jorge IR, Andrade SMM, Rosa BB, Moura MO, Zarbin PHG. Can Pheromones Contribute to Phylogenetic Hypotheses? A Case Study of Chrysomelidae. J Chem Ecol 2023; 49:611-641. [PMID: 37856061 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-023-01450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Pheromones mediate species-level communication in the search for mates, nesting, and feeding sites. Although the role of pheromones has long been discussed by various authors, their existence was not proven until the mid-twentieth century when the first sex pheromone was identified. From this finding, much has been speculated about whether this communication mechanism has acted as a regulatory agent in the process of speciation, competition, and sexual selection since it acts as an intraspecific barrier. Chrysomelidae is one of the major Phytophaga lineages, with approximately 40,000 species. Due to this immense diversity the internal relationships remain unstable when analyzed only with morphological data, consequently recent efforts have been directed to molecular analyses to establish clarity for the relationships and found their respective monophyly. Therefore, our goals are twofold 1) to synthesize the current literature on Chrysomelidae sex pheromones and 2) to test whether Chrysomelidae sex pheromones and their chemical structures could be used in phylogenetic analysis for the group. The results show that, although this is the first analysis in Chrysomelidae to use pheromones as a phylogenetic character, much can be observed in agreement with previous analyses, thus confirming that pheromones, when known in their entirety within lineages, can be used as characters in phylogenetic analyses, bringing elucidation to the relationships and evolution of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aluska T Dos Santos
- Setor de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
- Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - João P A Souza
- Setor de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Isaac R Jorge
- Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Samara M M Andrade
- Natural Resources Canada - Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
- Graduate Department of Forestry, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B3, Canada
| | - Brunno B Rosa
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maurício O Moura
- Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Paulo H G Zarbin
- Setor de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil.
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5
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Souza JPA, Bandeira PT, Bergmann J, Zarbin PHG. Recent advances in the synthesis of insect pheromones: an overview from 2013 to 2022. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:866-889. [PMID: 36820746 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00068g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2013 to June 2022Pheromones are usually produced by insects in sub-microgram amounts, which prevents the elucidation of their structures by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Instead, a synthetic reference material is needed to confirm the structure of the natural compounds. In addition, the provision of synthetic pheromones enables large-scale field trials for the development of environmentally friendly pest management tools. Because of these potential applications in pest control, insect pheromones are attractive targets for the development of synthetic procedures and the synthesis of these intraspecific chemical messengers has been at the core of numerous research efforts in the field of pheromone chemistry. The present review is a quick reference guide for the syntheses of insect pheromones published from 2013 to mid-2022, listing the synthesized compounds and highlighting current methodologies in organic synthesis, such as carbon-carbon coupling reactions, organo-transition metal chemistry including ring-closing olefin metathesis, asymmetric epoxidations and dihydroxylations, and enzymatic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P A Souza
- Laboratório de Semioquímicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR, Caixa Postal 19020, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil.
| | - Pamela T Bandeira
- Laboratório de Semioquímicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR, Caixa Postal 19020, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil. .,Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avda. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jan Bergmann
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avda. Universidad 330, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Paulo H G Zarbin
- Laboratório de Semioquímicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR, Caixa Postal 19020, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil.
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6
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Tabata J, Yasui H. Sex Pheromone of the Azalea Mealybug With a Non-Terpene Structure. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:609-617. [PMID: 35945405 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-022-01376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mealybug females release sex pheromones to attract conspecific males for mating. It is critical for mealybug males, which are fragile and short-lived, to respond to the pheromone of their species without time- and energy-consuming cross-attractions to other species. Thus, mealybug pheromone systems are considered to have evolved to be species-specific with unique structures in each species and offer an opportunity to study the diversity of pheromone chemistry that mediates intersexual courtship signals. More than 20 mealybug pheromones are reported to be monoterpenes in general, with only one exception, a hemiterpene alcohol esterified with a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA), found in the Matsumoto mealybug, Crisicoccus matsumotoi. However, it is unknown whether this is truly exceptional, or if similar compounds are used in other related mealybugs. In this study, we isolated and characterized the pheromone of an allied species, the azalea mealybug C. azaleae. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and bioassays with synthetics, the pheromone was shown to be composed of isopropyl (E)-7-methyl-4-nonenoate, isopropyl (E)-7-methyl-4-octenoate, and ethyl (E)-7-methyl-4-nonenoate. Surprisingly, the structures of these compounds do not include hemiterpene nor monoterpene motifs but have methyl-branched MCFA parts that are similar to an acid moiety of the C. matsumotoi pheromone. This study implies irregular events for the divergence of pheromone structures in ancestors of the genus Crisicoccus and other mealybugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tabata
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan. .,National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan.
| | - Hiroe Yasui
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
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Desireddi JR, Rao MM, Murahari KK, Nimmareddy RR, Mothe T, Lingala AK, Maiti B, Manchal R. Stereo Selective Total Synthesis of 4‐(
S
)‐Hydroxy‐5‐
(R
)‐octyldihydrofuran‐2‐one: Harvestmen Lactone. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janardana Reddi Desireddi
- Aragen life sciences Private Limited (formerly known as GVK Biosciences Private Limited) Medicinal Chemistry Division, 28A, IDA Nacharam Hyderabad 500076 Telangana India
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal- 506001 Telangana India
| | - Mora Mallikarjuna Rao
- Accrete Pharmaceuticals Private Limited Tangadpalli Village, Choutuppal Mandal, Yadadri Bhuvanagiri District- 508252 Telangana India
| | - Kiran Kumar Murahari
- Aragen life sciences Private Limited (formerly known as GVK Biosciences Private Limited) Medicinal Chemistry Division, 28A, IDA Nacharam Hyderabad 500076 Telangana India
| | - Rajashekar Reddy Nimmareddy
- Aragen life sciences Private Limited (formerly known as GVK Biosciences Private Limited) Medicinal Chemistry Division, 28A, IDA Nacharam Hyderabad 500076 Telangana India
| | - Thirupathi Mothe
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal- 506001 Telangana India
| | - Arun Kumar Lingala
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal- 506001 Telangana India
| | - Bhimcharan Maiti
- Aragen life sciences Private Limited (formerly known as GVK Biosciences Private Limited) Medicinal Chemistry Division, 28A, IDA Nacharam Hyderabad 500076 Telangana India
| | - Ravinder Manchal
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Warangal- 506001 Telangana India
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8
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Tabata J. Genetic Basis Underlying Structural Shift of Monoterpenoid Pheromones in Mealybugs. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:546-553. [PMID: 35112225 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Insect sex pheromones are examples of semiochemicals that trigger the most conspicuous biological activities, and they have attracted the interest of chemical ecologists since the dawn of this multidisciplinary field. For a deeper understanding of the ecological and evolutionary scenario of pheromones, as well as other targets of chemical ecology, it is essential to analyze the chemicals produced by individual organisms along with sound chemical identifications using reference compounds. Prof. Kenji Mori and his colleagues have developed various synthetic routes and have provided their products as authentic standards to many researchers. Using such a legacy, the tiny amounts of pheromones emitted by individual mealybug females were successfully analyzed and quantified by selected-ion-monitoring mode of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results of the analyses of the monoterpene pheromones from Planococcus citri, P. minor, and their hybrids suggested that shift of the cyclobutane structure in P. citri and its acyclic form in P. minor is largely attributable to a single genetic locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tabata
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan.
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9
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Gerasymenko I, Sheludko YV, Navarro Fuertes I, Schmidts V, Steinel L, Haumann E, Warzecha H. Engineering of a Plant Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthase for Development of Irregular Coupling Activity. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100465. [PMID: 34672410 PMCID: PMC9297866 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We performed mutagenesis on a regular isoprenyl diphosphate synthase (IDS), neryl diphosphate synthase from Solanum lycopersicum (SlNPPS), that has a structurally related analogue performing non-head-to-tail coupling of two dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) units, lavandulyl diphosphate synthase from Lavandula x intermedia (LiLPPS). Wild-type SlNPPS catalyses regular coupling of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and DMAPP in cis-orientation resulting in the formation of neryl diphosphate. However, if the enzyme is fed with DMAPP only, it is able to catalyse the coupling of two DMAPP units and synthesizes two irregular monoterpene diphosphates; their structures were elucidated by the NMR analysis of their dephosphorylation products. One of the alcohols is lavandulol. The second compound is the trans-isomer of planococcol, the first example of an irregular cyclobutane monoterpene with this stereochemical configuration. The irregular activity of SlNPPS constitutes 0.4 % of its regular activity and is revealed only if the enzyme is supplied with DMAPP in the absence of IPP. The exchange of asparagine 88 for histidine considerably enhanced the non-head-to-tail coupling. While still only observed in the absence of IPP, irregular activity of the mutant reaches 13.1 % of its regular activity. The obtained results prove that regular IDS are promising starting points for protein engineering aiming at the development of irregular activities and leading to novel monoterpene structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Gerasymenko
- Technische Universität DarmstadtPlant Biotechnology and Metabolic EngineeringSchnittspahnstraße 464287DarmstadtGermany
- Centre for Synthetic BiologyTechnical University of Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Yuriy V. Sheludko
- Technische Universität DarmstadtPlant Biotechnology and Metabolic EngineeringSchnittspahnstraße 464287DarmstadtGermany
- Centre for Synthetic BiologyTechnical University of Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermany
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str. 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | | | - Volker Schmidts
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str. 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Lara Steinel
- Technische Universität DarmstadtPlant Biotechnology and Metabolic EngineeringSchnittspahnstraße 464287DarmstadtGermany
- Centre for Synthetic BiologyTechnical University of Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Elisabeth Haumann
- Technische Universität DarmstadtPlant Biotechnology and Metabolic EngineeringSchnittspahnstraße 464287DarmstadtGermany
- Centre for Synthetic BiologyTechnical University of Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Heribert Warzecha
- Technische Universität DarmstadtPlant Biotechnology and Metabolic EngineeringSchnittspahnstraße 464287DarmstadtGermany
- Centre for Synthetic BiologyTechnical University of Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermany
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10
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Mateos-Fernández R, Moreno-Giménez E, Gianoglio S, Quijano-Rubio A, Gavaldá-García J, Estellés L, Rubert A, Rambla JL, Vazquez-Vilar M, Huet E, Fernández-del-Carmen A, Espinosa-Ruiz A, Juteršek M, Vacas S, Navarro I, Navarro-Llopis V, Primo J, Orzáez D. Production of Volatile Moth Sex Pheromones in Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana Plants. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2021; 2021:9891082. [PMID: 37849952 PMCID: PMC10521740 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9891082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based bioproduction of insect sex pheromones has been proposed as an innovative strategy to increase the sustainability of pest control in agriculture. Here, we describe the engineering of transgenic plants producing (Z)-11-hexadecenol (Z11-16OH) and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16OAc), two main volatile components in many Lepidoptera sex pheromone blends. We assembled multigene DNA constructs encoding the pheromone biosynthetic pathway and stably transformed them into Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The constructs contained the Amyelois transitella AtrΔ11 desaturase gene, the Helicoverpa armigera fatty acyl reductase HarFAR gene, and the Euonymus alatus diacylglycerol acetyltransferase EaDAct gene in different configurations. All the pheromone-producing plants showed dwarf phenotypes, the severity of which correlated with pheromone levels. All but one of the recovered lines produced high levels of Z11-16OH, but very low levels of Z11-16OAc, probably as a result of recurrent truncations at the level of the EaDAct gene. Only one plant line (SxPv1.2) was recovered that harboured an intact pheromone pathway and which produced moderate levels of Z11-16OAc (11.8 μg g-1 FW) and high levels of Z11-16OH (111.4 μg g-1). Z11-16OAc production was accompanied in SxPv1.2 by a partial recovery of the dwarf phenotype. SxPv1.2 was used to estimate the rates of volatile pheromone release, which resulted in 8.48 ng g-1 FW per day for Z11-16OH and 9.44 ng g-1 FW per day for Z11-16OAc. Our results suggest that pheromone release acts as a limiting factor in pheromone biodispenser strategies and establish a roadmap for biotechnological improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Mateos-Fernández
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Moreno-Giménez
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Gianoglio
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Quijano-Rubio
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Gavaldá-García
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucía Estellés
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba Rubert
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis Rambla
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
- Jaume I University, Castellon de la Plana, Spain
| | - Marta Vazquez-Vilar
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Estefanía Huet
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Asunción Fernández-del-Carmen
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa-Ruiz
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Mojca Juteršek
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sandra Vacas
- Centro de Ecología Química Agrícola, Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Navarro-Llopis
- Centro de Ecología Química Agrícola, Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaime Primo
- Centro de Ecología Química Agrícola, Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Diego Orzáez
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
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Li G, Guo YW, Dickschat JS. The mass spectrometric fragmentation mechanisms of catenulane and isocatenulane diterpenes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2224-2232. [PMID: 33624667 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00160d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Two new diterpene derivatives were obtained by semisynthesis from enzymatically generated catenul-14-en-6-ol. The EI-MS fragmentation mechanisms of three enzyme products and the two semisynthetic derivatives were investigated by extensive 13C-labelling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Li
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany. and State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, 201203, Shanghai, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue-Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, 201203, Shanghai, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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12
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Gangani AJ, Kumar P, Fernandes RA. Concise Stereoselective Synthesis of β-Hydroxy-γ-lactones: (4 R,5 R)-4-Hydroxy-γ-decalactone from the Japanese Orange Fly and Enantiomers of Arachnid Harvestmen Isolates. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:120-125. [PMID: 33390009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The naturally occurring (4R,5R)-4-hydroxy-γ-decalactone from the Japanese orange fly and the antipode of (4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-γ-dodecalactone from the harvestmen arachnid and their stereoisomers are synthesized from the chiral pool material d-glucono-δ-lactone in a few steps. The one-pot conversion of the latter to γ-vinyl-β-hydroxy-γ-lactone, cross-metathesis with requisite olefin, and hydrogenation enabled the synthesis of syn-lactones in just a two-pot operation. An additional efficient Pd-catalyzed allylic isomerization of γ-vinyl-β-hydroxy-γ-lactone led to the anti-lactones in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvin J Gangani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076 Maharashtra, India
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13
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Sakurai K, Tomiyama K, Yaguchi Y, Asakawa Y. The characteristic smell emitted from two scale insects, Ceroplastes japonicus and Ceroplastes rubens. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1541-1545. [PMID: 32419623 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1763156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The volatile components emitted from two scale insects, Ceroplastes japonicus and Ceroplastes rubens, were identified using GC-MS analysis. The major volatile components of the solvent extract from C. japonicus were α-humulene (35.8%) and δ-cadinene (17.0%), while those of C. rubens were β-selinene (10.3%) and β-elemene (5.1%). In GC/olfactometry, linalool, butyric acid, 3-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, and vanillin were identified as the odor-active components of the extract from C. japonicus, in addition to trace amounts of trans-4,5-epoxy-(2E)-decenal, 4-methyl-(3E)-hexenoic acid, and phenylacetic acid. With regard to C. rubens, trans-4,5-epoxy-(2E)-decenal, 3-methylbutyric acid, and phenylacetic acid were identified as the odor-active components. Besides, decan-1,4-olide (γ-decalactone) with milky cherry-like note and 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethylfuran-2(5H)-one (sotolone) with brown sugar-like note were also detected as the characteristic cherry-like sweet-and-sour note of these two scale insects. ABBREVIATIONS GC: Gas chromatography; GC/O: gas chromatography/olfactometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Sakurai
- Region Resources Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute , Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tomiyama
- Research and Development , Takasago International Corporation , Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yaguchi
- Research and Development , Takasago International Corporation , Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Asakawa
- Faclulty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University , Tokushima, Japan
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14
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Tabata J, Kamo T, Watanabe T, Kinsho T. Sex pheromone of the aerial root mealybug, Pseudococcus baliteus: A unique monoterpenoid containing an α-hydroxyketone moiety. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Quintard A, Rodriguez J. Catalytic enantioselective OFF ↔ ON activation processes initiated by hydrogen transfer: concepts and challenges. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:10456-73. [PMID: 27381644 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen transfer initiated processes are eco-compatible transformations allowing the reversible OFF ↔ ON activation of otherwise unreactive substrates. The minimization of stoichiometric waste as well as the unique activation modes provided by these transformations make them key players for a greener future for organic synthesis. Long limited to catalytic reactions that form racemic products, considerable progress on the development of strategies for controlling diastereo- and enantioselectivity has been made in the last decade. The aim of this review is to present the different strategies that enable enantioselective transformations of this type and to highlight how they can be used to construct key synthetic building blocks in fewer operations with less waste generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Quintard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Jean Rodriguez
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
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16
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Tabata J, Ichiki RT, Moromizato C, Mori K. Sex pheromone of a coccoid insect with sexual and asexual lineages: fate of an ancestrally essential sexual signal in parthenogenetic females. J R Soc Interface 2017; 14:rsif.2017.0027. [PMID: 28250102 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex pheromones play a central role in intersexual communication for reproduction in many organisms. Particularly in insects, reproductive isolation that leads to speciation is often achieved by shifts of pheromone chemistries. However, the divergence and evolution of pheromones remain largely unknown. This study reveals a unique evolutionary consequence for terpenoid pheromones in coccoid insects. Coccoids, such as mealybugs, show clear sexual dimorphism: males are dwarf and short-lived, whereas females are wingless and almost immobile. Female pheromones are therefore indispensable for males to navigate for sexual reproduction, but some females can reproduce asexually. Interestingly, a derived asexual lineage that reproduces by parthenogenesis coexists with its ancestral lineage that reproduces sexually in a population of the pineapple mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes Here, we isolated, characterized and synthesized a novel monoterpene, (-)-(anti-1,2-dimethyl-3-methylenecyclopentyl)acetaldehyde, as a pheromone of the sexual females of Dbrevipes This monoterpene aldehyde, with an irregular linkage of isoprene units, is notable, because all mealybug pheromones previously reported are carboxylic esters of terpenols. This compound was, however, never produced by the asexual females. As a consequence of acquiring parthenogenetic reproduction, the asexual females appear to have abandoned the production of the sex pheromone, which had been essential to attracting males in their ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tabata
- Division of Applied Entomology and Zoology, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Ryoko T Ichiki
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Ohwashi 1-1, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
| | - Chie Moromizato
- Nago Branch Fruit Tree Section, Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center, 4605-3 Nago, Nago-city, Okinawa 905-0012, Japan
| | - Kenji Mori
- Photosensitive Materials Research Center, Toyo Gosei Co. Ltd., 4-2-1 Wakahagi, Inzai-city, Chiba 270-1609, Japan
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17
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Schulz S, Peram PS, Menke M, Hötling S, Röpke R, Melnik K, Poth D, Mann F, Henrichsen S, Dreyer K. Mass Spectrometry of Aliphatic Macrolides, Important Semiochemicals or Pheromones. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2572-2582. [PMID: 28836773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrolides are a relatively common structural motif prevalent in Nature. However, the structures of these large ring lactones have been relatively difficult to elucidate via NMR spectroscopy due to the minute amounts of compounds that are sometimes obtainable from natural sources. Thus, GC-MS analysis of individual macrolactones has become the method of choice for the structural identification of these compounds. Here we discuss the mass spectrometric behavior of aliphatic macrolides, evaluating spectra from numerous compounds of various ring size, including derivatives containing methyl branches as well as double bonds. The specific fragmentation of these macrolactones under electron impact conditions allows for the development of a general rule set aimed at the identification of similar compounds by mass spectrometry. In addition, the mass spectra of dimethyl disulfide adducts of unsaturated macrolides are discussed. The mass spectra of almost 50 macrolides are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pardha Saradhi Peram
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Menke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susann Hötling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rene Röpke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristina Melnik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dennis Poth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Florian Mann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Selma Henrichsen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katja Dreyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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18
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Tabata J, Ichiki RT. (1S,3R)-cis-Chrysanthemyl Tiglate: Sex Pheromone of the Striped Mealybug, Ferrisia virgata. J Chem Ecol 2017; 43:745-752. [PMID: 28823100 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-017-0879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Derivatives of 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (chrysanthemic acid) are classic natural pyrethroids discovered in pyrethrum plants and show insecticidal activity. Chrysanthemic acid, with two asymmetric carbons, has four possible stereoisomers, and most natural pyrethroids have the (1R,3R)-trans configuration. Interestingly, chrysanthemic acid-related structures are also found in insect sex pheromones; carboxylic esters of (1R,3R)-trans-(2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)cyclopropyl)methanol (chrysanthemyl alcohol) have been reported from two mealybug species. In the present study, another ester of chrysanthemyl alcohol was discovered from the striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell), as its pheromone. By means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses using a chiral stationary phase column and authentic standards, the pheromone was identified as (1S,3R)-(-)-cis-chrysanthemyl tiglate. The (1S,3R)-enantiomer strongly attracted adult males in a greenhouse trapping bioassay, whereas the other enantiomers showed only weak activity. The cis configuration of the chrysanthemic acid-related structure appears to be relatively scarce in nature, and this is the first example reported from arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tabata
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan.
| | - Ryoko T Ichiki
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
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19
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Sex Pheromone of the Cotton Mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis, with an Unusual Cyclobutane Structure. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:1193-1200. [PMID: 27771797 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0783-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis, the distribution of which was formerly limited to Nearctic and Neotropical regions, recently invaded many countries in various regions including Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. More recently, P. solenopsis was newly recorded in Japan and is currently an emerging pest of agricultural crops. In this study, we determined the structure of a sex pheromone of P. solenopsis in order to develop an effective lure for monitoring this pest. From volatiles emitted by virgin adult females, we isolated a compound attractive to males. By means of coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we identified this as (2,2-dimethyl-3-isopropylidenecyclobutyl)methyl 3-methylbut-2-enoate. This compound was synthesized and shown to be attractive to male P. solenopsis. Analysis by gas chromatography using an enantioselective stationary phase and polarimetry analyses of the natural pheromone and synthetic enantiomers showed the natural compound to be the (R)-(-)-enantiomer. This compound is an ester of maconelliol, which has an unusual cyclobutane structure found in sex pheromones of other mealybug species, and senecioic acid, also found in the pheromones of other mealybug species. However, this is the first example of the ester of maconelliol and senecioic acid as a natural product.
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20
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Mori K. Pheromone synthesis. Part 260: Synthesis of (±)-(anti-1,2-dimethyl-3-methylenecyclopentyl)acetaldehyde, the racemate of the female-produced sex pheromone of the pineapple mealybug (Dysmicoccus brevipes), and its syn-isomer. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Roudier M, Constantieux T, Quintard A, Rodriguez J. Triple Iron/Copper/Iminium Activation for the Efficient Redox Neutral Catalytic Enantioselective Functionalization of Allylic Alcohols. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Roudier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | | | - Adrien Quintard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Jean Rodriguez
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
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Abstract
Insect pheromones are some of the most interesting natural products because they are utilized for interspecific communication between various insects, such as beetles, moths, ants, and cockroaches. A large number of compounds of many kinds have been identified as pheromone components, reflecting the diversity of insect species. While this review deals only with chiral methyl-branched pheromones, the chemical structures of more than one hundred non-terpene compounds have been determined by applying excellent analytical techniques. Furthermore, their stereoselective syntheses have been achieved by employing trustworthy chiral sources and ingenious enantioselective reactions. The information has been reviewed here not only to make them available for new research but also to understand the characteristic chemical structures of the chiral pheromones. Since biosynthetic studies are still limited, it might be meaningful to examine whether the structures, particularly the positions and configurations of the branched methyl groups, are correlated with the taxonomy of the pheromone producers and also with the function of the pheromones in communication systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Ando
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
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23
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Ramesh R, Bell V, Twidle AM, Gonnade R, Reddy DS. Enantiospecific Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of the Longtailed Mealybug Pheromone and Their Evaluation in a New Zealand Vineyard. J Org Chem 2015; 80:7785-9. [PMID: 26154579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The irregular monoterpenoid sex pheromone of Pseudococcus longispinus and its enantiomer were prepared from the corresponding bornyl acetates. The use of readily accessible chiral starting materials and lactone-lactone rearrangement are the highlights of the present synthesis. The biological activities of the two enantiomers and racemic mixture were tested in a New Zealand vineyard. The (S)-(+)-enantiomer was significantly more attractive to P. longispinus males than the racemic mixture or the (R)-(-)-enantiomer.
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