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Parry AO, Pospíšil M, Malijevský A. Critical effects and scaling at meniscus osculation transitions. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:054802. [PMID: 36559368 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.054802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We propose a simple scaling theory describing critical effects at rounded meniscus osculation transitions which occur when the Laplace radius of a condensed macroscopic drop of liquid coincides with the local radius of curvature R_{w} in a confining parabolic geometry. We argue that the exponent β_{osc} characterizing the scale of the interfacial height ℓ_{0}∝R_{w}^{β_{osc}} at osculation, for large R_{w}, falls into two regimes representing fluctuation-dominated and mean-field-like behavior, respectively. These two regimes are separated by an upper critical dimension, which is determined here explicitly and depends on the range of the intermolecular forces. In the fluctuation-dominated regime, representing the universality class of systems with short-range forces, the exponent is related to the value of the interfacial wandering exponent ζ by β_{osc}=3ζ/(4-ζ). In contrast, in the mean-field regime, which was not previously identified and which occurs for systems with longer-range forces (and higher dimensions), the exponent β_{osc} takes the same value as the exponent β_{s}^{co} for complete wetting, which is determined directly by the intermolecular forces. The prediction β_{osc}=3/7 in d=2 for systems with short-range forces (corresponding to ζ=1/2) is confirmed using an interfacial Hamiltonian model which determines the exact scaling form for the decay of the interfacial height probability distribution function. A numerical study in d=3, based on a microscopic model density-functional theory, determines that β_{osc}≈β_{s}^{co}≈0.326 close to the predicted value of 1/3 appropriate to the mean-field regime for dispersion forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O Parry
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Pospíšil
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology Prague, Praha 6, 166 28, Czech Republic and Department of Molecular Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Malijevský
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology Prague, Praha 6, 166 28, Czech Republic and Department of Molecular Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic
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2
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Pospíšil M, Malijevský A. Phase behavior of fluids in undulated nanopores. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:024801. [PMID: 36109889 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.024801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The geometry of walls forming a narrow pore may qualitatively affect the phase behavior of the confined fluid. Specifically, the nature of condensation in nanopores formed of sinusoidally shaped walls (with amplitude A and period P) is governed by the wall mean separation L as follows. For L>L_{t}, where L_{t} increases with A, the pores exhibit standard capillary condensation similar to planar slits. In contrast, for L<L_{t}, the condensation occurs in two steps, such that the fluid first condenses locally via bridging transition connecting adjacent crests of the walls, before it condenses globally. For the marginal value of L=L_{t}, all the three phases (gaslike, bridge, and liquidlike) may coexist. We show that the locations of the phase transitions can be described using geometric arguments leading to modified Kelvin equations. However, for completely wet walls, to which we focus on, the phase boundaries are shifted significantly due to the presence of wetting layers. In order to take this into account, mesoscopic corrections to the macroscopic theory are proposed. The resulting predictions are shown to be in a very good agreement with a density-functional theory even for molecularly narrow pores. The limits of stability of the bridge phase, controlled by the pore geometry, is also discussed in some detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pospíšil
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology Prague, Praha 6, 166 28, Czech Republic and The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Department of Molecular Modelling, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Malijevský
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology Prague, Praha 6, 166 28, Czech Republic and The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Department of Molecular Modelling, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic
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Ledezma G, Verstraete J, Sorbier L, Leinekugel-Le Cocq D, Jolimaitre E, Jallut C. Computational Characterization Techniques Applied to Pore Network Models by Using a Fast Percolation Algorithm. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cyclohexylammonium Hexaisothiocyanatonickelate(II) Dihydrate as a Single-Source Precursor for High Surface Area Nickel Oxide and Sulfide Nanocrystals. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyclohexylammonium hexaisothiocyanatonickelate(II) dihydrate, (C6H11NH3)4[Ni(NCS)6]·2H2O, was synthesized, for the first time, by a four-step method in a yield of 95%. The compound was fully characterized by elemental microanalysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. A single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) gave the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 15.8179 (5) Å, b = 10.6222 (3) Å, c = 13.8751 (4) Å, β = 109.362 (1)°, V = 2199.45 (11) Å3, Z = 2 (T = 293 K) for this novel hybrid organic–inorganic compound. The title compound was employed as a single-source precursor for the synthesis of mesoporous, high surface area nickel oxide (53 Å; 452 m2/g) and nickel sulfide (46 Å; 220 m2/g) via pyrolysis under air at 550 °C or helium atmosphere at 500 °C, respectively. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) demonstrated the nanocrystalline nature of both NiO and NiS with an average crystallite size of 16 and 54 nm, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated the formation of agglomerated, quasi-spherical particles of nickel oxide and agglomerated flake-like structures of nickel sulfide. The high surface area, porosity, and nanocrystallinity of both NiO and NiS, obtained via this approach, are promising for a wide spectrum of applications.
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Ledezma Lopez GA, Verstraete JJ, Sorbier L, Glowska A, Leinekugel-Le-Cocq D, Jolimaitre E, Jallut C. Generation of γ-Alumina Digital Twins Using a Nitrogen Porosimetry Simulation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Alejandro Ledezma Lopez
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69100, France
| | - Jan J. Verstraete
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Loïc Sorbier
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Aleksandra Glowska
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
- Centre for Nature Inspired Engineering (CNIE), University College of London, Gower Street, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elsa Jolimaitre
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Christian Jallut
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69100, France
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Doebele V, Benoit-Gonin A, Souris F, Cagnon L, Spathis P, Wolf PE, Grosman A, Bossert M, Trimaille I, Rolley E. Direct Observation of Homogeneous Cavitation in Nanopores. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:255701. [PMID: 33416391 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.255701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on the evaporation of hexane from porous alumina and silicon membranes. These membranes contain billions of independent nanopores tailored to an ink-bottle shape, where a cavity several tens of nanometers in diameter is separated from the bulk vapor by a constriction. For alumina membranes with narrow enough constrictions, we demonstrate that cavity evaporation proceeds by cavitation. Measurements of the pressure dependence of the cavitation rate follow the predictions of the bulk, homogeneous, classical nucleation theory, definitively establishing the relevance of homogeneous cavitation as an evaporation mechanism in mesoporous materials. Our results imply that porous alumina membranes are a promising new system to study liquids in a deeply metastable state.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Doebele
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - A Benoit-Gonin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - F Souris
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - L Cagnon
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - P Spathis
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - P E Wolf
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - A Grosman
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - M Bossert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - I Trimaille
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - E Rolley
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
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Kim YD, Choi S, Kim A, Lee W. Ionic Current Rectification of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) with a Barrier Oxide Layer. ACS NANO 2020; 14:13727-13738. [PMID: 32930570 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic nanofluidic diodes with highly nonlinear current-voltage characteristics are currently of particular interest because of their potential applications in biosensing, separation, energy harvesting, and nanofluidic electronics. We report the ionic current rectification (ICR) characteristics of a porous anodic aluminum oxide membrane, whose one end of the nanochannels is closed by a barrier oxide layer. The membrane exhibits intriguing pH-dependent ion transport characteristics, which cannot be explained by the conventional surface charge governed ionic transport mechanism. We reveal experimentally and theoretically that the space charge density gradient present across the 40-nm-thick barrier oxide is mainly responsible for the evolution of ICR. Based on our findings, we demonstrate the formation of a single 5-8-nm-sized pore in each hexagonal cell of the barrier oxide. The present work would provide valuable information for the design and fabrication of future ultrathin nanofluidic devices without being limited by the engineering of the nanochannel geometry or surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Do Kim
- Department of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwook Choi
- Department of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ansoon Kim
- Department of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Lee
- Department of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Malijevský A. Filling, depinning, unbinding: Three adsorption regimes for nanocorrugated substrates. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:012804. [PMID: 32795047 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.012804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We study adsorption at periodically corrugated substrates formed by scoring rectangular grooves into a planar solid wall which interacts with the fluid via long-range (dispersion) forces. The grooves are assumed to be macroscopically long but their depth, width, and separations can all be molecularly small. We show that the entire adsorption process can be divided into three parts consisting of (i) filling the grooves by a capillary liquid; (ii) depinning of the liquid-gas interface from the wall edges; and (iii) unbinding of the interface from the top of the wall, which is accompanied by a rapid but continuous flattening of its shape. Using a nonlocal density functional theory and mesoscopic interfacial models all the regimes are discussed in some detail to reveal the complexity of the entire process and subtle aspects that affect its behavior. In particular, it is shown that the nature of the depinning phenomenon is governed by the width of the wall pillars (separating grooves), while the width of the grooves only controls the location of the depinning first-order transition, if present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Malijevský
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology Prague, Praha 6, 166 28, Czech Republic and Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, ICPF of the Czech Academy Sciences, Prague 165 02, Czech Republic
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Bruschi L, Mistura G, Negri F, Coasne B, Mayamei Y, Lee W. Adsorption on alumina nanopores with conical shape. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:18300-18305. [PMID: 30246857 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06265j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption on porous solids depends on the morphology of the pores, the cylindrical one being the most studied in the literature. In this work, we present the first experimental investigation of adsorption and evaporation on conical nanopores produced by anodization of aluminium oxide. The pores are about 50 μm long, with the wide ends having a diameter of ∼79 nm and the narrow ones of ∼30 nm. Three different pores configurations are considered: open at both ends, open only at the narrow end and open only at the wide end. Despite the very small value of the conical angle α, estimated to be ∼0.06°, just barely above α = 0° corresponding to a cylindrical pore, the adsorption isotherms look strikingly different from those measured on cylindrical pores of similar size. First of all, the hysteresis loops of the conical pores with two open ends and with open wide ends practically coincide. Furthermore, they are narrower and the adsorption and evaporation branches are broader than those of the cylindrical pores with similar size. Finally, conical pores with open narrow ends exhibit a large hysteresis indicative of pore blocking. To unravel the mechanisms underlying adsorption and evaporation in such conical pores, we also report complementary results obtained using on-lattice grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bruschi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Abstract
We consider condensation in a capillary groove of width L and depth D, formed by walls that are completely wet (contact angle θ=0), which is in a contact with a gas reservoir of the chemical potential μ. On a mesoscopic level, the condensation process can be described in terms of the midpoint height ℓ of a meniscus formed at the liquid-gas interface. For macroscopically deep grooves (D→∞), and in the presence of long-range (dispersion) forces, the condensation corresponds to a second-order phase transition, such that ℓ∼(μ_{cc}-μ)^{-1/4} as μ→μ_{cc}^{-} where μ_{cc} is the chemical potential pertinent to capillary condensation in a slit pore of width L. For finite values of D, the transition becomes rounded and the groove becomes filled with liquid at a chemical potential higher than μ_{cc} with a difference of the order of D^{-3}. For sufficiently deep grooves, the meniscus growth initially follows the power law ℓ∼(μ_{cc}-μ)^{-1/4}, but this behavior eventually crosses over to ℓ∼D-(μ-μ_{cc})^{-1/3} above μ_{cc}, with a gap between the two regimes shown to be δ[over ¯]μ∼D^{-3}. Right at μ=μ_{cc}, when the groove is only partially filled with liquid, the height of the meniscus scales as ℓ^{*}∼(D^{3}L)^{1/4}. Moreover, the chemical potential (or pressure) at which the groove is half-filled with liquid exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on D with a maximum at D≈3L/2 and coincides with μ_{cc} when L≈D. Finally, we show that condensation in finite grooves can be mapped on the condensation in capillary slits formed by two asymmetric (competing) walls a distance D apart with potential strengths depending on L. All these predictions, based on mesoscopic arguments, are confirmed by fully microscopic Rosenfeld's density functional theory with a reasonable agreement down to surprisingly small values of both L and D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Malijevský
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic and Department of Microscopic and Mesoscopic Modelling, ICPF of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Kim S, Han DY, Chen Z, Lee WG. Dependence of cell adhesion on extracellular matrix materials formed on pore bridge boundaries by nanopore opening and closing geometry. Analyst 2018; 143:2141-2149. [PMID: 29666866 DOI: 10.1039/c8an00429c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report experimental results for characterization of the growth and formation of pore bridge materials that modified the adhesion structures of cells cultured on nanomembranes with opening and closing geometry. To perform the proof-of-concept experiments, we fabricated two types of anodized alumina oxide substrates with single-sided opening (i.e., one side open, but closed at the other side) and double-sided opening (i.e., both sides open). In our experiment, we compared the densities of pores formed and of bridge materials which differently act as connective proteins depending on the size of pores. The results show that the pore opening geometry can be used to promote the net contact force between pores, resulting in the growth and formation of pore bridge materials before and after cell culture. The results also imply that the bridge materials can be used to attract the structural protrusion of filopodia that can promote the adhesion of cell-to-cell and cell-to-pore bridge. It is observed that the shape and size of cellular structures of filopodia depend on the presence of pore bridge materials. Overall, this observation brought us a significant clue that cells cultured on nanopore substrates would change the adhesion property depending on not only the formation of nanopores formed on the surface of topological substrates, but also that of pore bridge materials by its morphological growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sueon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Bruschi L, Mistura G, Prasetyo L, Do DD, Dipalo M, De Angelis F. Adsorption on Nanopores of Different Cross Sections Made by Electron Beam Nanolithography. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:106-114. [PMID: 29211486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption on nanoporous matrices is characterized by a pronounced hysteresis loop in the adsorption isotherm, when the substrate is loaded and unloaded with adsorbate, the origin of which is a matter of immense debate in the literature. In this work, we report a study of argon adsorption at 85 K on nonconnecting nanopores with one end closed to the surrounding where the effects of different pore cross sections fabricated by electron beam lithography (EBL) are investigated. A polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resist is deposited on the electrodes of a sensitive quartz crystal microbalance without degradation of the resonance quality factor or the long-term and short-term stabilities of the device even at cryogenic temperatures. Four different pores' cross sections: circular, square, rectangular, and triangular, are produced from EBL, and the isotherms for these pore shapes exhibit pronounced hysteresis loops whose adsorption and desorption branches are nearly vertical and have almost the same slopes. No difference is observed in the hysteresis loops of the isotherms for the pores with triangular and square cross sections, whereas the hysteresis loop for the pore with circular cross sections is much narrower, suggesting that they are more regular than the other pores. All of these observations suggest that the hysteresis behavior resulted mainly from microscopic geometric irregularities present in these porous matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bruschi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università di Padova , via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Mistura
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università di Padova , via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luisa Prasetyo
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Duong D Do
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Zeng Y, Prasetyo L, Tan SJ, Fan C, Do D, Nicholson D. On the hysteresis of adsorption and desorption of simple gases in open end and closed end pores. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhong J, Zandavi SH, Li H, Bao B, Persad AH, Mostowfi F, Sinton D. Condensation in One-Dimensional Dead-End Nanochannels. ACS NANO 2017; 11:304-313. [PMID: 27977139 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phase change at the nanoscale is at the heart of many biological and geological phenomena. The recent emergence and global implications of unconventional oil and gas production from nanoporous shale further necessitate a higher understanding of phase behavior at these scales. Here, we directly observe condensation and condensate growth of a light hydrocarbon (propane) in discrete sub-100 nm (∼70 nm) channels. Two different condensation mechanisms at this nanoscale are distinguished, continuous growth and discontinuous growth due to liquid bridging ahead of the meniscus, both leading to similar net growth rates. The growth rates agree well with those predicted by a suitably defined thermofluid resistance model. In contrast to phase change at larger scales (∼220 and ∼1000 nm cases), the rate of liquid condensate growth in channels of sub-100 nm size is found to be limited mainly by vapor flow resistance (∼70% of the total resistance here), with interface resistance making up the difference. The condensation-induced vapor flow is in the transitional flow regime (Knudsen flow accounting for up to 13% of total resistance here). Collectively, these results demonstrate that with confinement at sub-100 nm scales, such as is commonly found in porous shale and other applications, condensation conditions deviate from the microscale and larger bulk conditions chiefly due to vapor flow and interface resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Seyed Hadi Zandavi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Bo Bao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Aaron H Persad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Farshid Mostowfi
- Schlumberger-Doll Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 United States
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada
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15
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Sahare P, Ayala M, Vazquez-Duhalt R, Pal U, Loni A, Canham LT, Osorio I, Agarwal V. Enhancement of Peroxidase Stability Against Oxidative Self-Inactivation by Co-immobilization with a Redox-Active Protein in Mesoporous Silicon and Silica Microparticles. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:417. [PMID: 27650291 PMCID: PMC5030200 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The study of the stability enhancement of a peroxidase immobilized onto mesoporous silicon/silica microparticles is presented. Peroxidases tend to get inactivated in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, their essential co-substrate, following an auto-inactivation mechanism. In order to minimize this inactivation, a second protein was co-immobilized to act as an electron acceptor and thus increase the stability against self-oxidation of peroxidase. Two heme proteins were immobilized into the microparticles: a fungal commercial peroxidase and cytochrome c from equine heart. Two types of biocatalysts were prepared: one with only covalently immobilized peroxidase (one-protein system) and another based on covalent co-immobilization of peroxidase and cytochrome c (two-protein system), both immobilized by using carbodiimide chemistry. The amount of immobilized protein was estimated spectrophotometrically, and the characterization of the biocatalyst support matrix was performed using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. Stability studies show that co-immobilization with the two-protein system enhances the oxidative stability of peroxidase almost four times with respect to the one-protein system. Thermal stability analysis shows that the immobilization of peroxidase in derivatized porous silicon microparticles does not protect the protein from thermal denaturation, whereas biogenic silica microparticles confer significant thermal stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Sahare
- Centro de Investigacion en Ingenieria y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209 Mexico
| | - M. Ayala
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, 62210 Morelos Mexico
| | - R. Vazquez-Duhalt
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Km. 107, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Apdo. Postal 14, CP 22800 Ensenada, Baja California Mexico
| | - U. Pal
- Instituto de Física, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - A. Loni
- pSiMedica Ltd, Malvern Hills Science Park, Geraldine Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3SZ UK
| | - L. T. Canham
- pSiMedica Ltd, Malvern Hills Science Park, Geraldine Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3SZ UK
| | - I. Osorio
- Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - V. Agarwal
- Centro de Investigacion en Ingenieria y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209 Mexico
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Bruschi L, Mistura G, Phadungbut P, Do DD, Nicholson D, Mayamei Y, Lee W. Adsorption on ordered and disordered duplex layers of porous anodic alumina. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4895-4905. [PMID: 25871845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have carried out systematic experiments and numerical simulations of the adsorption on porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) duplex layers presenting either an ordered or a disordered interconnecting interface between the large (cavity) and small (constriction) sections of the structured pores. Selective blocking of the pore openings resulted in three different pore topologies: open structured pores, funnel pores, and ink-bottle pores. In the case of the structured pores having an ordered interface, the adsorption isotherms present a rich phenomenology characterized by the presence of two steps in the condensation branch and the opening of one (two) hysteresis loops during evaporation for the ink-bottle (open and funnel) pores. The isotherms can be obtained by summing the isotherms measured on uniform pores having the dimensions of the constrictions or of the cavities. The numerical analysis of the three different pore topologies indicates that the shape of the junction between the two pore sections is only important for the adsorption branch. In particular, a conic junction which resembles that of the AAO pores represents the experimental isotherms for the open and funnel pores better, but the shape of the junction in the ink bottle pores does not matter. The isotherms for the duplex layers with a disordered interface display the same general features found for the ordered duplex layers. In both cases, the adsorption branches coincide and have two steps which are shifted to lower relative pressures compared to those for the ordered duplex. Furthermore, the desorption branches comprise hysteresis loops much wider than those of the ordered duplex layers. Overall, this study highlights the important role played by morphologies where there are interconnections between large and small pores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giampaolo Mistura
- ‡CNISM and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Poomiwat Phadungbut
- §School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - D D Do
- §School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - D Nicholson
- §School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yashar Mayamei
- ∥Department of Physics, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (HUFS), Yongin, 449-791 Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Woo Lee
- ∥Department of Physics, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (HUFS), Yongin, 449-791 Gyeonggi, Korea
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