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Jaiswal MK, Gupta A, Ansari FJ, Pandey VK, Tiwari VK. Recent Progress on Synthesis of Functionalized 1,5-Disubstituted Triazoles. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:513-558. [PMID: 38804327 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230418123350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Immediately after the invention of 'Click Chemistry' in 2002, the regioselective 1,2,3- triazole scaffolds resulted from respective organic azides and terminal alkynes under Cu(I) catalysis have been well recognized as the functional heterocyclic core at the centre of modern organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and material sciences. This CuAAC reaction has several notable features including excellent regioselectivity, high-to-excellent yields, easy to execute, short reaction time, modular in nature, mild condition, readily available starting materials, etc. Moreover, the resulting regioselective triazoles can serve as amide bond isosteres, a privileged functional group in drug discovery and development. More than hundreds of reviews had been devoted to the 'Click Chemistry' in special reference to 1,4-disubstituted triazoles, while only little efforts were made for an opposite regioisomer i.e., 1,5-disubstituted triazole. Herein, we have presented various classical approaches for an expeditious synthesis of a wide range of biologically relevant 1,5- disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues. The syntheses of such a class of diversly functionalized triazoles have emerged as a crucial investigation in the domain of chemistry and biology. This tutorial review covers the literature assessment on the development of various synthetic protocols for the functionalized 1,5-disubstituted triazoles reported during the last 12 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Faisal J Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vinay K Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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2
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Zhang Z, Fu L, Ning H, Zhao HY. Exploring the reaction kinetics of methyl formate + NO 2: implication for ignition behavior of methyl formate/NO 2 mixtures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32051-32061. [PMID: 37982198 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04444k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The reaction pathways and potential energy profiles are theoretically explored for H-abstraction, addition and addition-dissociation reactions of methyl formate (MF, HC(O)OCH3) + NO2 using the high level quantum chemical compound method CCSD(T)/cc-pVxZ(x = T, Q)//M062X/6-311+G(2df,2p). Notably, three different HNO2 isomers (cis-HONO, trans-HONO and HNO2) are all considered in each reaction pathway. The corresponding temperature- and pressure-dependent rate constants are then computed by RRKM/ME simulations with one-dimensional hindered rotor approximation and asymmetric Eckart tunneling corrections. The calculations show that the rate constants are pressure independent. Although trans-HONO is the most stable HNO2 isomer, the results reveal that the dominant channels are cis-HONO + HC(O)OCH2/C(O)OCH3 and cis-HC(O)(ONO)OCH3 for the H-abstraction and addition, respectively. Moreover, the lowest energy barrier for the H-abstraction channel (cis-abs) is 11.2 kcal mol-1 lower than the addition channel (cis-add), and thus the addition channel is less kinetically favored. The computed rate constants for the MF + NO2 reaction are then incorporated into a kinetic model and the importance of the title reaction in predicting the ignition behavior of MF/NO2 mixtures is demonstrated by kinetic modeling. The detailed reaction kinetics in this work will be helpful for kinetic model development of other ester-based fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Sihao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China.
| | - Li Fu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Hongbo Ning
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China.
| | - H Y Zhao
- Xiling DigitIntel Institute, Chengdu 610000, P. R. China
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3
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Castro TG, Melle-Franco M, Sousa CEA, Cavaco-Paulo A, Marcos JC. Non-Canonical Amino Acids as Building Blocks for Peptidomimetics: Structure, Function, and Applications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:981. [PMID: 37371561 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides a fresh overview of non-canonical amino acids and their applications in the design of peptidomimetics. Non-canonical amino acids appear widely distributed in nature and are known to enhance the stability of specific secondary structures and/or biological function. Contrary to the ubiquitous DNA-encoded amino acids, the structure and function of these residues are not fully understood. Here, results from experimental and molecular modelling approaches are gathered to classify several classes of non-canonical amino acids according to their ability to induce specific secondary structures yielding different biological functions and improved stability. Regarding side-chain modifications, symmetrical and asymmetrical α,α-dialkyl glycines, Cα to Cα cyclized amino acids, proline analogues, β-substituted amino acids, and α,β-dehydro amino acids are some of the non-canonical representatives addressed. Backbone modifications were also examined, especially those that result in retro-inverso peptidomimetics and depsipeptides. All this knowledge has an important application in the field of peptidomimetics, which is in continuous progress and promises to deliver new biologically active molecules and new materials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarsila G Castro
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuel Melle-Franco
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cristina E A Sousa
- BioMark Sensor Research-School of Engineering of the Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João C Marcos
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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4
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Athiyarath V, Madhusudhanan MC, Kunnikuruvan S, Sureshan KM. Secondary Structure Tuning of a Pseudoprotein Between β‐Meander and α‐Helical Forms in the Solid‐State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Athiyarath
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Mithun C. Madhusudhanan
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Sooraj Kunnikuruvan
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Kana M. Sureshan
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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5
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Athiyarath V, Madhusudhanan MC, Kunnikuruvan S, Sureshan KM. Secondary Structure Tuning of a Pseudoprotein Between β-Meander and α-Helical Forms in the Solid-State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113129. [PMID: 34699112 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tuning the secondary structure of a protein or polymer in the solid-state is challenging. Here we report the topochemical synthesis of a pseudoprotein and its secondary structure tuning in the solid-state. We designed the dipeptide monomer N3 -Leu-Ala-NH-CH2 -C≡CH (1) for topochemical azide-alkyne cycloaddition (TAAC) polymerization. Dipeptide 1 adopts an anti-parallel β-sheet-like stacked arrangement in its crystals. Upon heating, the dipeptide undergoes quantitative TAAC polymerization in a crystal-to-crystal fashion yielding large polymers. The reaction occurs between the adjacent monomers in the H-bonded anti-parallel stack, yielding pseudoprotein having a β-meander structure. When dissolved in methanol, this pseudoprotein changes its secondary structure from β-meander to α-helical form and it retains the new secondary structure upon desolvation. This work demonstrates a novel paradigm for tuning the secondary structure of a polymer in the solid-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Athiyarath
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Mithun C Madhusudhanan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Sooraj Kunnikuruvan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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6
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Bucci R, Foschi F, Loro C, Erba E, Gelmi ML, Pellegrino S. Fishing in the Toolbox of Cyclic Turn Mimics: a Literature Overview of the Last Decade. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze farmaceutiche,DISFARM Università degli Studi di Milano Via Venezian 21 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Francesca Foschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Alta Tecnologie,DiSAT Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 9 Como 20100 Italy
| | - Camilla Loro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Alta Tecnologie,DiSAT Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 9 Como 20100 Italy
| | - Emanuela Erba
- Dipartimento di Scienze farmaceutiche,DISFARM Università degli Studi di Milano Via Venezian 21 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- Dipartimento di Scienze farmaceutiche,DISFARM Università degli Studi di Milano Via Venezian 21 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze farmaceutiche,DISFARM Università degli Studi di Milano Via Venezian 21 Milano 20133 Italy
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7
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Understanding the regioselectivity of the copper(I)- and ruthenium(II)- catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloadditions of azido derivative of ribose with terminal alkyne: a theoretical study. Theor Chem Acc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-02693-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Rečnik LM, Kandioller W, Mindt TL. 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles as Amide Bond Surrogates for the Stabilisation of Linear Peptides with Biological Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:E3576. [PMID: 32781656 PMCID: PMC7465391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides represent an important class of biologically active molecules with high potential for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents due to their structural diversity, favourable pharmacokinetic properties, and synthetic availability. However, the widespread use of peptides and conjugates thereof in clinical applications can be hampered by their low stability in vivo due to rapid degradation by endogenous proteases. A promising approach to circumvent this potential limitation includes the substitution of metabolically labile amide bonds in the peptide backbone by stable isosteric amide bond mimetics. In this review, we focus on the incorporation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as amide bond surrogates in linear peptides with the aim to increase their stability without impacting their biological function(s). We highlight the properties of this heterocycle as a trans-amide bond surrogate and summarise approaches for the synthesis of triazole-containing peptidomimetics via the Cu(I)-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The impacts of the incorporation of triazoles in the backbone of diverse peptides on their biological properties such as, e.g., blood serum stability and affinity as well as selectivity towards their respective molecular target(s) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maria Rečnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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9
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Rodríguez J, Martínez-Calvo M. Transition-Metal-Mediated Modification of Biomolecules. Chemistry 2020; 26:9792-9813. [PMID: 32602145 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The site-selective modification of biomolecules has grown spectacularly in recent years. The presence of a large number of functional groups in a biomolecule makes its chemo- and regioselective modification a challenging goal. In this context, transition-metal-mediated reactions are emerging as a powerful tool owing to their unique reactivity and good functional group compatibility, allowing highly efficient and selective bioconjugation reactions that operate under mild conditions. This Minireview focuses on the current state of organometallic chemistry for bioconjugation, highlighting the potential of transition metals for the development of chemoselective and site-specific methods for functionalization of peptides, proteins and nucleic acids. The importance of the selection of ligands attached to the transition metal for conferring the desired chemoselectivity will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodríguez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Miguel Martínez-Calvo
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), AE CICA-INIBIC, Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A, Coruña, Galicia, Spain
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10
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Said Stålsmeden A, Paterson AJ, Szigyártó IC, Thunberg L, Johansson JR, Beke-Somfai T, Kann N. Chiral 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles - versatile tools for foldamers and peptidomimetic applications. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1957-1967. [PMID: 32101244 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00168f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1,4- and 1,5-Disubstituted triazole amino acid monomers have gained increasing interest among peptidic foldamers, as they are easily prepared via Cu- and Ru-catalyzed click reactions, with the potential for side chain variation. While the latter is key to their applicability, the synthesis and structural properties of the chiral mono- or disubstituted triazole amino acids have only been partially addressed. We here present the synthesis of all eight possible chiral derivatives of a triazole monomer prepared via a ruthenium-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (RuAAC). To evaluate the conformational properties of the individual building units, a systematic quantum chemical study was performed on all monomers, indicating their capacity to form several low energy conformers. This feature may be used to effect structural diversity when the monomers are inserted into various peptide sequences. We envisage that these results will facilitate new applications for these artificial oligomeric compounds in diverse areas, ranging from pharmaceutics to biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Said Stålsmeden
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Andrew J Paterson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Imola Cs Szigyártó
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Linda Thunberg
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan R Johansson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Nina Kann
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Hema K, Sureshan KM. Solid‐State Synthesis of Two Different Polymers in a Single Crystal: A Miscible Polymer Blend from a Topochemical Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2754-2759. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuntrapakam Hema
- School of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala- 695551 India
| | - Kana M. Sureshan
- School of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala- 695551 India
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12
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Ben Haj Salah K, Das S, Ruiz N, Andreu V, Martinez J, Wenger E, Amblard M, Didierjean C, Legrand B, Inguimbert N. How are 1,2,3-triazoles accommodated in helical secondary structures? Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:3576-3583. [PMID: 29693098 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00686e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
1,4-Disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole (Tz) is widely used in peptides as a trans-amide bond mimic, despite having hazardous effects on the native peptide activity. The impact of amide bond substitution by Tz on peptide secondary structures is scarcely documented. We performed a Tz scan, by systematically replacing peptide bonds following the Aib residues with Tz on two model peptaibols: alamethicin F50/5 and bergofungin D, which adopt stable α- and 310 helices, respectively. We observed that the Tz insertion, whatever its position in the peptide sequences, abolished their antimicrobial activity. The structural consequences of this insertion were further investigated using CD, NMR and X-ray diffraction. Importantly, five crystal structures that were incorporated with Tz were solved, showing various degrees of alteration of the helical structures, from minor structural perturbation of the helix to partial disorder. Together, these results showed that Tz insertions impair helical secondary structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoubaib Ben Haj Salah
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL». Bâtiment T, 58 avenue P. Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France.
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13
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Hema K, Sureshan KM. Solid‐State Synthesis of Two Different Polymers in a Single Crystal: A Miscible Polymer Blend from a Topochemical Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuntrapakam Hema
- School of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala- 695551 India
| | - Kana M. Sureshan
- School of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala- 695551 India
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14
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Tala SR, Singh A, Lensing CJ, Schnell SM, Freeman KT, Rocca JR, Haskell-Luevano C. 1,2,3-Triazole Rings as a Disulfide Bond Mimetic in Chimeric AGRP-Melanocortin Peptides: Design, Synthesis, and Functional Characterization. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1001-1013. [PMID: 29257879 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin system is involved in the regulation of complex physiological functions, including energy and weight homeostasis, feeding behavior, inflammation, sexual function, pigmentation, and exocrine gland function. The five melanocortin receptors that belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are regulated by endogenously expressed agonists and antagonists. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of replacing the disulfide bridge in chimeric AGRP-melanocortin peptide Tyr-c[Cys-His-d-Phe-Arg-Trp-Asn-Ala-Phe-Cys]-Tyr-NH2 (1) with 1,2,3-triazole moieties. A series of 1,2,3-triazole-bridged peptidomimetics were designed, synthesized, and pharmacologically evaluated at the mouse melanocortin receptors. The ligands possessed nanomolar to micromolar agonist cAMP signaling potency. A key finding was that the disulfide bond in peptide 1 can be replaced with the monotriazole ring with minimal effect on the functional activity at the melanocortin receptors. The 1,5-disubstituted triazole-bridged peptide 6 showed equipotent functional activity at the mMC3R and modest 5-fold decreased agonist potency at the mMC4R compared to those of 1. Interestingly, the 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted isomers of the triazole ring resulted in different selectivities at the receptor subtypes, indicating subtle structural features that may be exploited in the generation of selective melanocortin ligands. Introducing cyclic and acyclic bis-triazole moieties into chimeric AGRP template 1 generally decreased agonist activity. These results will be useful for the further design of neuronal chemical probes for the melanocortin receptors as well as in other receptor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa R. Tala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Anamika Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Cody J. Lensing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sathya M. Schnell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Katie T. Freeman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - James R. Rocca
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Carrie Haskell-Luevano
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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15
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Marion A, Góra J, Kracker O, Fröhr T, Latajka R, Sewald N, Antes I. Amber-Compatible Parametrization Procedure for Peptide-like Compounds: Application to 1,4- and 1,5-Substituted Triazole-Based Peptidomimetics. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 58:90-110. [PMID: 29112399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Peptidomimetics are molecules of particular interest in the context of drug design and development. They are proteolytically and metabolically more stable than their natural peptide counterparts but still offer high specificity toward their biological targets. In recent years, 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole-based peptidomimetics have emerged as promising lead compounds for the design of various inhibitory and tumor-targeting molecules as well as for the synthesis of peptide analogues. The growing popularity of triazole-based peptidomimetics and a constantly broadening range of their application generated a demand for elaborate theoretical investigations by classical molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking. Despite this rising interest, accurate and coherent force field parameters for triazole-based peptidomimetics are still lacking. Here, we report the first complete set of parameters dedicated to this group of compounds, named TZLff. This parametrization is compatible with the latest version of the AMBER force field (ff14SB) and can be readily applied for the modeling of pure triazole-based peptidomimetics as well as natural peptide sequences containing one or more triazole-based modifications in their backbone. The parameters were optimized to reproduce HF/6-31G* electrostatic potentials as well as MP2/cc-pVTZ equilibrium Hessian matrices and conformational potential energy surfaces through the use of a genetic algorithm-based search and least-squares fitting. Following the standards of AMBER, we introduce residue building units, thus allowing the user to define any given sequence of triazole-based peptidomimetics. Validation of the parameter set against ab initio- and NMR-based reference systems shows that we obtain fairly accurate results, which properly capture the conformational features of triazole-based peptidomimetics. The successful and efficient parametrization strategy developed in this work is general enough to be applied in a straightforward manner for parametrization of other peptidomimetics and, potentially, any polymeric assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Marion
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Biosciences, Technische Universität München , Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 8, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jerzy Góra
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.,Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology , Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, PL-50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Oliver Kracker
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tanja Fröhr
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rafał Latajka
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology , Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, PL-50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Iris Antes
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Biosciences, Technische Universität München , Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 8, D-85354 Freising, Germany
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16
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Bauer M, Wang W, Lorion MM, Dong C, Ackermann L. Internal Peptide Late-Stage Diversification: Peptide-Isosteric Triazoles for Primary and Secondary C(sp 3 )-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:203-207. [PMID: 29135064 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Secondary C(sp3 )-H arylations were accomplished by palladium catalysis with triazoles as peptide bond isosteres. The unique power of this approach is highlighted by the possibility of achieving secondary C(sp3 )-H functionalizations on terminal peptides as well as the unprecedented positional-selective C(sp3 )-H functionalization of internal peptide positions, setting the stage for modular peptide late-stage diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Bauer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wei Wang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mélanie M Lorion
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Internal Peptide Late-Stage Diversification: Peptide-Isosteric Triazoles for Primary and Secondary C(sp3
)−H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Mamone M, Gonçalves RSB, Blanchard F, Bernadat G, Ongeri S, Milcent T, Crousse B. N-Difluoromethyl-triazole as a constrained scaffold in peptidomimetics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5024-5027. [PMID: 28429026 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01298e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The N-difluoromethyl triazolo-β-aza-ε-amino acid present in the core of peptides led to constrained conformations due to CH–F and NH–F interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mamone
- Univ Paris-Sud
- BioCIS
- CNRS
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- 92290 Châtenay-Malabry
| | - R. S. B. Gonçalves
- Departamento de Química Orgânica
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | - F. Blanchard
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- CNRS UPR 2301
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette
| | - G. Bernadat
- Univ Paris-Sud
- BioCIS
- CNRS
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- 92290 Châtenay-Malabry
| | - S. Ongeri
- Univ Paris-Sud
- BioCIS
- CNRS
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- 92290 Châtenay-Malabry
| | - T. Milcent
- Univ Paris-Sud
- BioCIS
- CNRS
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- 92290 Châtenay-Malabry
| | - B. Crousse
- Univ Paris-Sud
- BioCIS
- CNRS
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- 92290 Châtenay-Malabry
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19
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Johansson JR, Beke-Somfai T, Said Stålsmeden A, Kann N. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:14726-14768. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan R. Johansson
- Cardiovascular
and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development
Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, SE-43183 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Research
Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok
krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Said Stålsmeden
- Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nina Kann
- Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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20
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Wang C, Ikhlef D, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Astruc D. Metal-catalyzed azide-alkyne “click” reactions: Mechanistic overview and recent trends. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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