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Li Y, Jin J, Fan W, Huang D. π-Extension of Indoles Using Acrolein Linker: Synthesis of Indolo[3,2- a]carbazole-6-carbaldehydes and Racemosin B. Org Lett 2023; 25:8284-8289. [PMID: 37947410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple method for the synthesis of indolo[3,2-a]carbazole-6-carbaldehydes by the π-extension of indoles with acrolein is reported. The scope of the method is demonstrated with 33 examples. The products exhibit high activities toward advanced synthesis and are proved to be able to produce valuable chemicals, such as natural products, dyes, and organic fluorescent materials. In addition, the alkaloid racemosin B can be prepared by this method in two steps in ∼50% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Weibin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Deguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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2
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Dong K, Li J, Li RP, Mao M, Liu J, Wang X, Tang S. One-Pot Sequential Synthesis of 3,3'- or 2,3'-Bis(indolyl)methanes by Using 1,3-Dithiane as the Methylene Source. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14930-14939. [PMID: 36259953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for structurally diverse symmetrical and unsymmetrical 3,3'- and 2,3'-bisindolylmethanes has been developed through a one-pot sequential reaction using 1,3-dithiane as the methylene source. The important AhR agonists ICZ and malassezin were synthesized with excellent efficiency by this straightforward approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Dong
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Peng Li
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Mao
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shouchu Tang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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3
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Ivanova OA, Trushkov IV. Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes in the Synthesis of Carbocycles. CHEM REC 2019; 19:2189-2208. [PMID: 30707497 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor cyclopropanes not only participate in a broad range of ring openings with nucleophiles, electrophiles, radical and red-ox agents, but also are excellent substrates for various (3+n)-cycloaddition and (3+n)-annulation processes. Moreover, under treatment with Lewis acid donor-acceptor cyclopropanes can produce new ring systems via isomerization or cyclodimerization. Authors' contribution to the synthesis of diverse carbocycles from donor-acceptor cyclopropanes is summarized in this account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Ivanova
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Trushkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela, 1, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
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4
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Saturnino C, Caruso A, Iacopetta D, Rosano C, Ceramella J, Muià N, Mariconda A, Bonomo MG, Ponassi M, Rosace G, Sinicropi MS, Longo P. Inhibition of Human Topoisomerase II by N,N,N-Trimethylethanammonium Iodide Alkylcarbazole Derivatives. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:2635-2643. [PMID: 30347518 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is used for the treatment of all stages of breast cancer, including the metastatic stage of the disease. Treatment regimens are generally tailored for each patient's particular situation. However, chemotherapeutic agents are the leading cause of serious drug-related adverse effects; moreover, drug resistance often occurs. In this study, we designed and synthesized a new series of N-alkylcarbazoles derived from ellipticine, an alkaloid with a carbazole skeleton initially used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and later dismissed because of poor aqueous solubility and severe side effects. After evaluating the binding modes of our class of newly synthesized compounds with human topoisomerase II (hTopo II), we performed hTopo II decatenation assays, identifying compound 4 f (2-(4-((3-chloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)pentyl)piperazin-1-yl)-N,N,N-trimethylethanammonium iodide) as a good inhibitor. Moreover, 4 f and 4 g (2-(4-((3-chloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)hexyl)piperazin-1-yl)-N,N,N-trimethylethanammonium iodide) showed a good anti-proliferative activity toward breast cancer cells, causing apoptosis by activation of the caspase pathway. Interestingly, the activity of these two compounds on triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells, which tend to be highly metastatic and aggressive, is strictly connected to the observed inhibition of hTopo II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Anna Caruso
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Camillo Rosano
- Biopolymers and Proteomics IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IST, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Noemi Muià
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044, Dalmine, BG, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bonomo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Marco Ponassi
- Biopolymers and Proteomics IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IST, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rosace
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044, Dalmine, BG, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
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Janosik T, Rannug A, Rannug U, Wahlström N, Slätt J, Bergman J. Chemistry and Properties of Indolocarbazoles. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9058-9128. [PMID: 30191712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The indolocarbazoles are an important class of nitrogen heterocycles which has evolved significantly in recent years, with numerous studies focusing on their diverse biological effects, or targeting new materials with potential applications in organic electronics. This review aims at providing a broad survey of the chemistry and properties of indolocarbazoles from an interdisciplinary point of view, with particular emphasis on practical synthetic aspects, as well as certain topics which have not been previously accounted for in detail, such as the occurrence, formation, biological activities, and metabolism of indolo[3,2- b]carbazoles. The literature of the past decade forms the basis of the text, which is further supplemented with older key references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Janosik
- Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials, RISE Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-151 36 Södertälje , Sweden
| | - Agneta Rannug
- Institute of Environmental Medicine , Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ulf Rannug
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | - Johnny Slätt
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Jan Bergman
- Karolinska Institutet , Department of Biosciences and Nutrition , SE-141 83 Huddinge , Sweden
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An YL, Yang ZH, Zhang HH, Zhao SY. Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Regioselective Oxidative Coupling from Indoles and Maleimides: One-Pot Synthesis of Indolopyrrolocarbazoles and Related Indolylmaleimides. Org Lett 2015; 18:152-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long An
- Department
of Chemistry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - He-Hui Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Sheng-Yin Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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