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Zhang Z, Tian G, Duan X, Chen HL, Kim Richie DH. Nanostructured PEDOT Coatings for Electrode-Neuron Integration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5556-5565. [PMID: 35006733 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neural electrodes have been developed for the diagnosis and treatment of stroke, sensory deficits, and neurological disorders based on the electrical stimulation of nerve tissue and recording of neural electrical activity. A low interface impedance and large active surface area for charge transfer and intimate contact between neurons and the electrode are critical to obtain high-quality neural signal and effective stimulation without causing damage to both tissue and electrode. In this study, a nanostructured poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) coating with lots of long protrusions was created via a one-step electrochemical polymerization from a dichloromethane solution without any rigid or soft templates. The nanostructures on the PEDOT coating were basically formed by intertwined PEDOT nanofibers, which further enhanced the active surface area. The fuzzy PEDOT-modified microelectrodes exhibited an impedance as low as 1 kΩ at 1 kHz, which is much lower than those produced from aqueous 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) solution, and it was comparable with PEDOT films or composites created from/with template materials. Also, more than 150 times larger charge storage capacity density was obtained compared to the unmodified microelectrode. An in vitro biocompatibility test performed on PC12 cells and primary cells suggested that the PEDOT coatings support cell adhesion, growth, and neurite extension. These results suggest the great potential of the nanostructured PEDOT coating as an electroactive and biosafe intimate contact between the implanted neural electrode and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhao Tian
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoge Duan
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Lan Chen
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Hwan Kim Richie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Banasz R, Kubicki M, Wałęsa-Chorab M. Yellow-to-brown and yellow-to-green electrochromic devices based on complexes of transition metal ions with a triphenylamine-based ligand. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15041-15053. [PMID: 33103702 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03232h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transmissive-to-colored electrochromism has been achieved by combination of MLCT of transition metal complexes with the electrochromic properties of ligand molecules. The color transitions were from yellow to dark brown for the Fe(ii) complex, yellow to orange to bluish-green for the Co(ii) complex and yellow to green for the Zn(ii) complex. By using a metal ion-ligand coordination approach, the self-assembly of hydrazone-based ligands containing a triphenylamine group with appropriate metal salts (FeCl2, Co(ClO4)2 and Zn(BF4)2) produced novel complexes of the general formula [ML2]X2. The isolated complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods, and the Co(ii) complex also by X-ray diffraction analysis. Thin films of the complexes have been obtained by a spray-coating method and they were used in the construction of electrochromic devices, which showed good electrochromic stability, a high color contrast of 47.5% for Fe(ii), 37.2% for Co(ii) and 33.7% for Zn(ii) complexes and fast coloring and bleaching times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Banasz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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Singhal S, Patra A. Benzothiadiazole bridged EDOT based donor-acceptor polymers with tunable optical, electrochemical, morphological and electrochromic performance: effects of solvents and electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14527-14536. [PMID: 32578623 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01884h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers have been widely studied for their tunable electronic properties, however, it is surprising that systematic studies on the effect of different solvents and electrolytes on their opto-electrochemical, morphological and electrochromic performance have drawn only little attention. In the presented work, nine different D-A polymer films, poly(4,7-di(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole) (a-i-P1), were electrosynthesised using different polar solvents (PC, MeCN and DCM) and supporting electrolytes (TBAPF6, TBAClO4 and TBABF4). A thorough study of these D-A polymer films using cyclic voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, FE-SEM, spectroelectrochemistry and electrochromic techniques has been performed. We found a significant effect of both the supporting electrolytes and solvents on the morphology of polymer films which correlates well with their opto-electronic properties. Films prepared using the TBAClO4/PC system show a smooth morphology with a significantly high coloration efficiency of 264 cm2 C-1 and an optical contrast of 65.3%. Such differences in the optical and electrochemical properties of polymer films were explained by the ion pair formation during polymerisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Singhal
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials & Device Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Asit Patra
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials & Device Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Structural and Morphological Evolution for Water-resistant Organic Thermoelectrics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13287. [PMID: 29038556 PMCID: PMC5643330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We systematically investigated the effect of 2,5-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)-1,4:3,6-dianhydro-sorbitol (Iso-GMA) with different concentrations on the structural and morphological evolution of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) containing a fixed volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to realize water-resistant organic thermoelectric devices. As an additive, Iso-GMA is a hydrophilic and crosslinking agent that can interact with PEDOT and PSS chains by hydrogen bonding and/or dipole-dipole- or dipole-charge-interaction. The Seebeck coefficient and power factor in the film incorporating 3.0 vol% DMSO and 0.8 vol% Iso-GMA were respectively 1.82 × 102 and 1.53 × 105% higher than those of the pristine PEDOT:PSS film without additives (DMSO and Iso-GMA). These results can be attributed to the self-assembled and crosslinked fibril networks with optimized phase separation, where the film has densely-packed PEDOT and highly lamellar-stacked PSS. Also, the reduced charge carrier concentration from the structural characteristics originated in the higher thermoelectric properties. We introduced the schematic illustration to understand the chemical bonding among the components and the morphological evolution according to the Iso-GMA concentration. The increased mechanical strength by the interchain stacking degree of PEDOT and the crosslinking of Iso-GMA facilitate the film remained in a water bath for 0.5 h without physical degradation, and sustain the thermoelectric properties during 12 h in humid conditons.
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Dong L, Zhang Y, Duan X, Zhu X, Sun H, Xu J. Chiral PEDOT-Based Enantioselective Electrode Modification Material for Chiral Electrochemical Sensing: Mechanism and Model of Chiral Recognition. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9695-9702. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liqi Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Youshan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xuemin Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Hui Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
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Hu Y, Jiang F, Lu B, Liu C, Hou J, Xu J. Free-standing oligo(oxyethylene)-functionalized polythiophene with the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene building block: electrosynthesis, electrochromic and thermoelectric properties. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ming S, Feng Z, Mo D, Wang Z, Lin K, Lu B, Xu J. Solvent effects on electrosynthesis, morphological and electrochromic properties of a nitrogen analog of PEDOT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 18:5129-38. [PMID: 26509314 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04721h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new nitrogen analog of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), N-methyl-3,4-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine (MDTO), was electropolymerized in different solvents (deionized water, acetonitrile, and propylene carbonate) using LiClO4 as the electrolyte. The structure and performance of as-prepared PMDTO polymers were systematically studied by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, SEM, thermogravimetry, spectroelectrochemistry and electrochromic techniques. To our surprise, solvents had a major influence on the electropolymerization of MDTO and properties of the resultant polymers, including morphology, electrochemistry, electronic and optical properties, and electrochromics, etc. In aqueous solution, MDTO revealed the lowest onset oxidation potential (0.19 V) than in acetonitrile (0.48 V) and propylene carbonate (0.49 V). However, PMDTO films showed rather poor cycling stability in water, while outstanding stability in acetonitrile and propylene carbonate. Films prepared in propylene carbonate displayed a rather smooth morphology, lower band gap (1.65 eV), higher transparency (97.3%) and a contrast ratio (44.6%) at λ = 466 nm. PMDTO films obtained in acetonitrile showed significantly higher coloration efficiency (169.5 cm(2) C(-1)) than in other two solvents (∼ 97.6 cm(2) C(-1)) with a moderate contrast ratio (24.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouli Ming
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
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Agrisuelas J, Gabrielli C, García-Jareño J, Perrot H, Sel O, Vicente F. Electrochemically induced free solvent transfer in thin poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shankar S, Lahav M, van der Boom ME. Coordination-Based Molecular Assemblies as Electrochromic Materials: Ultra-High Switching Stability and Coloration Efficiencies. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4050-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreejith Shankar
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Lahav
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Milko E. van der Boom
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Li X, Liu Y, Shi Z, Li C, Chen G. Influence of draw ratio on the structure and properties of PEDOT-PSS/PAN composite conductive fibers. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05952b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Composite conductive fibers based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT-PSS) solution blended with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were obtained via wet spinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhenghao Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Congju Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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