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Tohora N, Ahamed S, Mahato M, Sultana T, Chourasia J, Maiti A, Das SK. Highly specific and sensitive chromo-fluorogenic detection of sarin, tabun, and mustard gas stimulants: a multianalyte recognition approach. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:763-780. [PMID: 38519812 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Nerve agents are the most notorious substances, which can be fatal to an individual because they block the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Fighting against unpredictable terrorist assaults and wars requires the simple and quick detection of chemical warfare agent vapor. In the present contribution, we have introduced a rhodamine-based chemosensor, BDHA, for the detection of nerve gas-mimicking agents diethylchlorophosphate (DCP) and diethylcyanophosphonate (DCNP) and mustard gas-mimicking agent 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), both in the liquid and vapor phase. Probe BDHA provides the ability for detection by the naked eye in terms of colorimetric and fluorometric changes. It has been revealed that the interaction between nerve agents mimics and probe BDHA facilitates spirolactam ring opening due to the phosphorylation process. Thus, the highly fluorescent and colored species developed while probe BDHA is colorless and non-fluorescent due to the intramolecular spirolactam ring. Moreover, probe BDHA can effectively recognize DCP, DCNP, and CEES in the µM range despite many toxic analytes and could be identified based on the response times and quantum yield values. Inexpensive, easily carried paper strips-based test kits were developed for the quick, on-location solid and vapor phase detection of these mustard gas imitating agents (CEES) and nerve gas mimicking agents (DCP and DCNP) without needing expensive equipment or skilled personnel. More remarkably, the test strips' color and fluorescence can be rapidly restored, exposing them to triethyl amine (TEA) for cyclic use, suggesting a potential application in the real-time identification of chemical warfare agents. To accomplish the on-location application of BDHA, we have experimented with soil samples to find traces of DCP. Therefore, the chromo-fluorogenic probe BDHA is a promising, instantaneous, and on-the-spot monitoring tool for the selective detection of DCP, DCNP, and CEES in the presence of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmin Tohora
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India
| | - Sabbir Ahamed
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India
| | - Manas Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India
| | - Tuhina Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India
| | - Jyoti Chourasia
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India
| | - Arpita Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India.
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Mahato M, Ahamed S, Tohora N, Sultana T, Ghanta S, Das SK. A Coumarin151 Derived Ratiomteric and Turn on Chemosensor for Rapid Detection of Sarin Surrogate. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Zhu B, Sheng R, Chen T, Rodrigues J, Song QH, Hu X, Zeng L. Molecular engineered optical probes for chemical warfare agents and their mimics: Advances, challenges and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Molecular engineered optical probes for chemical warfare agents and their mimics: Advances, challenges and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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5
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Balasubramanian S, Kulandaisamy AJ, Babu KJ, Das A, Balaguru Rayappan JB. Metal Organic Framework Functionalized Textiles as Protective Clothing for the Detection and Detoxification of Chemical Warfare Agents—A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c06096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selva Balasubramanian
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613 401, India
- School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering (SEEE), SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613 401, India
| | | | - K. Jayanth Babu
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613 401, India
- School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering (SEEE), SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613 401, India
| | - Apurba Das
- Department of Textile & Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613 401, India
- School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering (SEEE), SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613 401, India
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjani Si
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Krishna P. Kaliappan
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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A Selective Fluorescence Turn-On Probe for the Detection of DCNP (Nerve Agent Tabun Simulant). MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12182943. [PMID: 31514369 PMCID: PMC6766206 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diethylcyanophosphonate (DCNP) is a simulant of Tabun (GA) which is an extremely toxic chemical substance and is used as a chemical warfare (CW) nerve agent. Due to its toxic properties, monitoring methods have been constantly come under the spotlight. What we are proposing within this report is a next-generation fluorescent probe, DMHN1, which allows DCNP to become fully traceable in a sensitive, selective, and responsive manner. This is the first fluorescent turn-on probe within the dipolar naphthalene platform induced by ESIPT (excited state intramolecular proton transfer) suppression that allows us to sense DCNP without any disturbance by other similar G-series chemical weapons. The successful demonstrations of practical applications, such as in vitro analysis, soil analysis, and the development of an on-site real-time prototype sensing kit, encourage further applications in a variety of fields.
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Chromo-Fluorogenic Detection of Soman and Its Simulant by Thiourea-Based Rhodamine Probe. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050827. [PMID: 30813539 PMCID: PMC6429212 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we introduced a novel thiourea-based rhodamine compound as a chromo-fluorogenic indicator of nerve agent Soman and its simulant diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP). The synthesized probe N-(rhodamine B)-lactam-2-(4-cyanophenyl) thiourea (RB-CT), which has a rhodamine core linked by a cyanophenyl thiosemicarbazide group, enabled a rapidly and highly sensitive response to DCP with clear fluorescence and color changes. The detection limit was as low as 2 × 10−6 M. The sensing mechanism showed that opening of the spirolactam ring following the phosphorylation of thiosemicarbazides group formed a seven-membered heterocycle adduct, according to MS analysis and TD-DFT calculations. RB-CT exhibited high detecting selectivity for DCP, among other organophosphorus compounds. Moreover, two test kits were employed and successfully used to detect real nerve agent Soman in liquid and gas phase.
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9
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Rapid and selective visual detection of DCNP (nerve gas mimic) in sea water and soil with a simple paper strip. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2019.100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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10
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Shaik M, Rao VK, Ramana G, Halder M, Gutch PK, Pandey P, Jain R. p-Hexafluoroisopropanol phenyl functionalized graphene for QCM based detection of dimethyl methylphosphonate, a simulant of the nerve agent sarin. RSC Adv 2018; 8:8240-8245. [PMID: 35541990 PMCID: PMC9078545 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12272a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hexafluoroisopropanol moiety was grafted onto graphene and used as a sensing layer for the detection of a nerve agent simulant using QCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahabul Shaik
- Defence Research & Development Establishment
- Gwalior 474002
- India
| | | | | | - M. Halder
- Defence Research & Development Establishment
- Gwalior 474002
- India
| | - P. K. Gutch
- Defence Research & Development Establishment
- Gwalior 474002
- India
| | - P. Pandey
- Defence Research & Development Establishment
- Gwalior 474002
- India
| | - R. Jain
- School of Chemistry
- Jiwaji University
- Gwalior 474002
- India
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Ali SS, Gangopadhyay A, Pramanik AK, Samanta SK, Guria UN, Manna S, Mahapatra AK. Real time detection of the nerve agent simulant diethylchlorophosphate by nonfluorophoric small molecules generating a cyclization-induced fluorogenic response. Analyst 2018; 143:4171-4179. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the detection of DCP by nonfluorophoric small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Samim Ali
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Ankita Gangopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Ajoy Kumar Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Sandip Kumar Samanta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Uday Narayan Guria
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Srimanta Manna
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
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12
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Manna A, Jana K, Guchhait N, Goswami S. Discrimination of tabun mimic diethyl cyanophosphonate from sarin mimic diethyl chlorophosphate via Zn(ii)-triggered photoinduced electron transfer-decoupled excited state intramolecular proton transfer processes. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PET-coupled ESIPT platform and its Zn2+ complex are used for the discrimination of the nerve agent mimics DCNP and DCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Manna
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Kanyashree Jana
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (Formerly Bengal Engineering & Science University)
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Nikhil Guchhait
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
| | - Shyamaprosad Goswami
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (Formerly Bengal Engineering & Science University)
- Shibpur
- India
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13
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Jang YJ, Mulay SV, Kim Y, Jorayev P, Churchill DG. Nerve agent simulant diethyl chlorophosphate detection using a cyclization reaction approach with high stokes shift system. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A intramolecular cyclization reaction-based “turn-on” fluorescent probe (CoumNMe2) for selective detection of diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP) over close competitors diethyl cyanophosphonate (DECP), and diethyl methylphosphonate (DEMP) was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jeong Jang
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sandip V. Mulay
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsam Kim
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Perman Jorayev
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - David G. Churchill
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
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14
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Kumar V, Rana H. Selective and sensitive chromogenic and fluorogenic detection of sulfur mustard in organic, aqueous and gaseous medium. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18641b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A chromogenic and fluorogenic system based on a squaraine dye (SQ) was used for the highly selective and sensitive detection of the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Synthetic Chemistry Division
- Defence Research & Development Establishment
- Gwalior 474002
- India
| | - Hemlata Rana
- Synthetic Chemistry Division
- Defence Research & Development Establishment
- Gwalior 474002
- India
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15
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Raghavender Goud D, Purohit AK, Tak V, Dubey DK, Kumar P, Pardasani D. A highly selective and sensitive “turn-on” fluorescence chemodosimeter for the detection of mustard gas. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12363-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04801f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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