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Fazekas TJ, Alty JW, Neidhart EK, Miller AS, Leibfarth FA, Alexanian EJ. Diversification of aliphatic C-H bonds in small molecules and polyolefins through radical chain transfer. Science 2022; 375:545-550. [PMID: 35113718 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to selectively introduce diverse functionality onto hydrocarbons is of substantial value in the synthesis of both small molecules and polymers. Herein, we report an approach to aliphatic carbon-hydrogen bond diversification using radical chain transfer featuring an easily prepared O-alkenylhydroxamate reagent, which upon mild heating facilitates a range of challenging or previously undeveloped aliphatic carbon-hydrogen bond functionalizations of small molecules and polyolefins. This broad reaction platform enabled the functionalization of postconsumer polyolefins in infrastructure used to process plastic waste. Furthermore, the chemoselective placement of ionic functionality onto a branched polyolefin using carbon-hydrogen bond functionalization upcycled the material from a thermoplastic into a tough elastomer with the tensile properties of high-value polyolefin ionomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Fazekas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jill W Alty
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eliza K Neidhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Austin S Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Frank A Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Erik J Alexanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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2
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Organocatalysis for the Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldehydes and α,β-Unsaturated Nitroalkenes. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Michael addition is an important reaction because it can be used to synthesize a wide range of natural products or complex compounds that exhibit biological activities. In this study, a mirror image of an aldehyde and α,β-unsaturated nitroalkene were reacted in the presence of (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEN). Herein, thiourea was introduced as an organic catalyst, and a selective Michael addition reaction was carried out. The primary amine moiety of DPEN reacts with aldehydes to form enamines, which is activated by the hydrogen bond formation between the nitro groups of α,β-unsaturated nitroalkenes and thiourea. Our aim was to obtain an asymmetric Michael product by adding 1,4-enamine to an alkene to form a new carbon–carbon bond. As a result, the primary amine of the chiral diamine was converted to an enamine. The reaction proceeded with a relatively high degree of enantioselectivity, which was achieved using double activation via hydrogen bonding of the nitro group and thiourea. Michael products with a high degree of enantioselectivity (97–99% synee) and diastereoselectivity (syn/anti = 9/1) were obtained in yields ranging from 94–99% depending on the aldehydes.
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3
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Valapil DG, Kadagathur M, Shankaraiah N. Stereoselective Aldol and Conjugate Addition Reactions Mediated by Proline‐Based Catalysts and Its Analogues: A Concise Review. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Gurukkala Valapil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
| | - Manasa Kadagathur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
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4
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Gorde AB, Ramapanicker R. Enantioselective Michael Addition of Aldehydes to β-Nitrostyrenes Catalyzed by (S)- N
-(D-Prolyl)-1-triflicamido-3-phenylpropan-2-amine. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amol B. Gorde
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 208016 India
| | - Ramesh Ramapanicker
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 208016 India
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 208016 India
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5
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Gorde AB, Ramapanicker R. d-Prolyl-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonamidopropyl)pyrrolidine: An Organocatalyst for Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldehydes to β-Nitroalkenes at Ambient Conditions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1523-1533. [PMID: 30609351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amol B. Gorde
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Ramesh Ramapanicker
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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6
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Wang J, Dong C, Wu L, Xu M, Lin J, Wei K. Palladium-Catalyzedβ-C−H Arylation of Ketones Using Amino Amide as a Transient Directing Group: Applications to Synthesis of Phenanthridinone Alkaloids. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University; Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Dong
- School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University; Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Liangfei Wu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University; Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingkai Xu
- Institute of Applied Ecology; Chinese Academy of Science.; Shenyang 110016 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education); Yunnan University.; Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wei
- School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University; Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
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7
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Yan LJ, Wang JL, Xu D, Burgess KS, Zhu AF, Rao YY, Chen XB, Wang YC. Chemically Sustainable and Green One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Polycyclic N
-Fused-Pyrrolidine Heterocycles. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Yan
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Jun-Liang Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University, Kunming; 650091, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Kevin S. Burgess
- Department of Biology; College of Letters & Sciences; Columbus State University; University System of Georgia, Columbus, GA; USA
| | - Ai-Fei Zhu
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Yan-Ying Rao
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Xue-Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province; School of Science; Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan; 661199, PR China
| | - Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
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8
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Wang YC, Wang JL, Burgess KS, Zhang JW, Zheng QM, Pu YD, Yan LJ, Chen XB. Green synthesis of new pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindoles via three-component domino reaction in EtOH/H2O. RSC Adv 2018; 8:5702-5713. [PMID: 35539589 PMCID: PMC9078157 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13207g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, green and sustainable approach for the synthesis of novel polycyclic pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindole compounds was developed. The synthesis included a one-pot, three-component, domino reaction of (E)-3-(2-nitrovinyl)-indoles, isatins and chiral polycyclic α-amino acids under catalyst-free conditions at room temperature in EtOH–H2O. The salient features of this methodology are eco-friendliness, high yields and the ease of obtaining target compounds without the involvement of toxic solvents and column chromatography. These novel polycyclic pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindoles provide a collection of structurally diverse compounds that show promise for future bioassays and medical treatments. An efficient, green and sustainable approach was developed for the synthesis of novel polycyclic pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindole compounds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Jun-Liang Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
- PR China
| | - Kevin S. Burgess
- Department of Biology
- College of Letters & Sciences
- Columbus State University
- University System of Georgia
- Columbus
| | - Jiang-Wei Zhang
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Qiu-Mei Zheng
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Ya-Dan Pu
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Li-Jun Yan
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Xue-Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province
- School of Science
- Honghe University
- Mengzi
- PR China
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9
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Alonso DA, Baeza A, Chinchilla R, Gómez C, Guillena G, Pastor IM, Ramón DJ. Recent Advances in Asymmetric Organocatalyzed Conjugate Additions to Nitroalkenes. Molecules 2017; 22:E895. [PMID: 28555049 PMCID: PMC6152790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric conjugate addition of carbon and heteroatom nucleophiles to nitroalkenes is a very interesting tool for the construction of highly functionalized synthetic building blocks. Thanks to the rapid development of asymmetric organocatalysis, significant progress has been made during the last years in achieving efficiently this process, concerning chiral organocatalysts, substrates and reaction conditions. This review surveys the advances in asymmetric organocatalytic conjugate addition reactions to α,β-unsaturated nitroalkenes developed between 2013 and early 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Alonso
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Baeza
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Rafael Chinchilla
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Cecilia Gómez
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Gabriela Guillena
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Isidro M Pastor
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Diego J Ramón
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
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10
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Borges-González J, Feher-Voelger A, Crisóstomo FP, Morales EQ, Martín T. Tetrahydropyran-Based Hybrid Dipeptides as Asymmetric Catalysts for Michael Addition of Aldehydes to β-Nitrostyrenes. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Borges-González
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3 38206 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife Spain
| | - Andrés Feher-Voelger
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3 38206 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife Spain
| | - Fernando Pinacho Crisóstomo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3 38206 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, CIBICAN; Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 2 38206 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife Spain
| | - Ezequiel Q. Morales
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3 38206 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife Spain
| | - Tomás Martín
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3 38206 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, CIBICAN; Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 2 38206 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife Spain
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11
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Xu D, Wang J, Yan L, Yuan M, Xie X, Wang Y. Novel bifunctional l-prolinamide derivatives as highly efficient organocatalysts for asymmetric nitro-Michael reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Wang Y, Li D, Lin J, Wei K. Organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes and ketones to nitroalkenes catalyzed by adamantoyl l-prolinamide. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of adamantoyl l-prolinamides have been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Kun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
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13
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Aromatic l-prolinamide-catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes to nitroalkenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Dighe SU, K. S. AK, Srivastava S, Shukla P, Singh S, Dikshit M, Batra S. Regioselective Metal-Free Decarboxylative Multicomponent Coupling of α-Amino Acids, Aldehydes and Isonitriles Leading to N-Substituted Azacyclic-2-carboxamides with Antithrombotic Activity. J Org Chem 2014; 80:99-108. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502029k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashikant U. Dighe
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, PO Box 173, Lucknow, 226031 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar K. S.
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, PO Box 173, Lucknow, 226031 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Smriti Srivastava
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, PO Box 173, Lucknow, 226031 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Shukla
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, PO Box 173, Lucknow, 226031 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surendra Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, PO Box 173, Lucknow, 226031 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, PO Box 173, Lucknow, 226031 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, PO Box 173, Lucknow, 226031 Uttar Pradesh, India
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