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Napierała S, Kubicki M, Wałęsa-Chorab M. Toward Electrochromic Metallopolymers: Synthesis and Properties of Polyazomethines Based on Complexes of Transition-Metal Ions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14011-14021. [PMID: 34396778 PMCID: PMC8456411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The tridentate ligand L and its complexes with transition-metal ions have been prepared and characterized. The polycondensation reactions of transition-metal complexes with different dialdehydes led to the formation of transition-metal-complex-based polyazomethines, which have been obtained by on-substrate polymerization, and their electrochemical and electrochromic performance have been investigated. The most interesting properties are exhibited by polymers of Fe(II) and Cu(II) ions obtained by the reaction of the appropriate complexes with a triphenylamine-based dialdehyde. Fe(II) polymer P1 undergoes a reversible oxidation/reduction process and a color change from orange to gray due to the oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) ions concomitant with the oxidation of the triphenylamine group. Its electrochromic properties such as long-term stability, switching times, and coloration efficiencies have been investigated, providing evidence of the utility of the on-substrate polycondensation reaction in the formation of thin films of electrochromic metallopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiusz Napierała
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Wałęsa-Chorab
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Langlois A, St Onge PBJ, Karsenti PL, Younus A, Rondeau-Gagné S. Modulating the Photophysical Properties and Electron Transfer Rates in Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Coordination Polymers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:9579-9587. [PMID: 34402620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly through noncovalent interactions is a particularly efficient approach to fine-tune the optoelectronic and photophysical properties of electroactive materials. In metal-ligand coordination polymers, the final properties of the assemblies are directly related to the nature of the metal-ligand interaction. To probe for such influence on the photophysical properties of electroactive materials, a series of coordination polymers based on a well-known organic dye, diketopyrrolopyrrole, was prepared through coordination of a terpyridine-containing monomer with various metal sources, including iron, cobalt, zinc, and manganese. The resulting supramolecular polymers were characterized through multiple techniques, including UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, time-correlated single-photon counting, and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to reveal the impact of the metal source on the final photophysical properties of coordination polymers. As expected, important variations were found between different coordination polymers in terms of absorption, fluorescence kinetics, and electron transfer rate. While iron and cobalt-containing polymers showed ultrafast electrons transfer rates, assemblies from manganese were shown to be much less efficient, confirming the importance of metal centers. This detailed fundamental study unravels some important relationships between metal-ligand interactions, supramolecular self-assembly, and photophysical properties, ultimately leading to new avenues for the design of functional polymers based on organic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Langlois
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - P Blake J St Onge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | | | - Aneeta Younus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Simon Rondeau-Gagné
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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Santra DC, Mondal S, Yoshida T, Ninomiya Y, Higuchi M. Ru(II)-Based Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer with Tetrakis( N-methylbenzimidazolyl)bipyridine for a Durable, Nonvolatile, and Electrochromic Device Driven at 0.6 V. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31153-31162. [PMID: 34176261 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low-voltage operation, high durability, and long memory time are demanded for electrochromic (EC) display device applications. Metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs), composed of a metal ion and ditopic ligand, are one of the recently developed EC materials, and the ligand modification is expected to tune the redox potential of MSP. In order to lower the redox potential of MSP, tetrakis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)bipyridine (LBip) was designed as an electronically rich ligand. Ru-based MSP (polyRu-LBip) was successfully synthesized by 1:1 complexation of RuCl2(DMSO)4 with LBip. The molecular weight (Mw) was high (8.8 × 106 Da) enough to provide a simple 1H NMR spectrum, of which the proton peaks could be assigned by the comparison with the spectrum of the corresponding mono-Ru complex. The redox potential (E1/2) between Ru(II/III) was 0.51 V versus Ag/Ag+, which was much lower than the redox potential of previously reported Ru-based MSP with bis(terpyridyl)benzene (0.95 V vs Ag/Ag+). The polymer film exhibited reversible, distinct color changes between violet and light green-yellow upon applying very low potentials of 0 and 0.6 V vs Ag/Ag+, respectively. The appearance and disappearance of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer absorption by the electrochemical redox between Ru(II/III) were confirmed using in situ spectro-electrochemical measurement. A solid-state EC device with polyRu-LBip was revealed to have large optical contrast (ΔT 54%), fast response time (1.37 s for bleaching and 0.67 s for coloration), remarkable coloration efficiency (571 cm2/C), and high durability for the repeated color changes more than 20,000 cycles. The device also showed a long optical memory time of up to 19 h to maintain 40% to the initial contrast under the open circuit conditions. It is considered that the stabilization of the Ru(III) state by LBip suppressed the self-coloring to Ru(II) inside the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dines Chandra Santra
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Sanjoy Mondal
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takefumi Yoshida
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ninomiya
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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Liu J, Han L, Geng J, Hua J, Wang Z. Metal-Ligand Coordination Induced Ionochromism for π-Conjugated Materials. Front Chem 2020; 8:589106. [PMID: 33134283 PMCID: PMC7567163 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.589106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicated that the toxicity of heavy metal ions caused a series of environmental, food, and human health problems. Chemical ionochromic sensors are crucial for detecting these toxicity ions. Incorporating organic ligands into π-conjugated polymers made them receptors for metal ions, resulting in an ionochromism phenomenon, which is promising to develop chemosensors for metal ions. This review highlights the recent advances in π-conjugated polymers with ionochromism to metal ions, which may guide rational structural design and evaluation of chemosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Long Han
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jieting Geng
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaobo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Banasz R, Wałęsa-Chorab M. Polymeric complexes of transition metal ions as electrochromic materials: Synthesis and properties. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Neumann LN, Calvino C, Simon YC, Schrettl S, Weder C. Solid-state sensors based on Eu 3+-containing supramolecular polymers with luminescence colour switching capability. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14184-14188. [PMID: 29995055 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01580e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polymers that exhibit changes of their luminescence colour in response to external stimuli are attractive candidates for sensing systems. We herein report the preparation of europium-based metallosupramolecular polymers, which can be processed into films and coatings that display readily detectable luminescence colour changes in response to various types of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Neumann
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Krieger G, Tieke B. Coordinative Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Thin Films Based on Metal Ion Complexes of Ligand-Substituted Polystyrene Copolymers and Their Use as Separation Membranes. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gülara Krieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cologne; Luxemburger Str. 116 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Bernd Tieke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cologne; Luxemburger Str. 116 50939 Cologne Germany
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Wałęsa-Chorab M, Banasz R, Marcinkowski D, Kubicki M, Patroniak V. Electrochromism and electrochemical properties of complexes of transition metal ions with benzimidazole-based ligand. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10451k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Six complexes of transition metal ions have been synthesized and characterized. Complexes showed optical properties dependent on redox state of both metal ions and ligand molecule and can be used for the construction of multielectrochromic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radosław Banasz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | | | - Maciej Kubicki
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Violetta Patroniak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
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