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Aslam M, Qamar MT, Soomro MT, Danish EY, Ismail IMI, Hameed A. The role of size-controlled CeO 2 nanoparticles in enhancing the stability and photocatalytic performance of ZnO in natural sunlight exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133092. [PMID: 34856239 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to enhance the photocatalytic performance and stability, the various proportions of the size controlled cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles were dispersed at the pre-synthesized ZnO. Although, the expected dual absorption onsets, probably due to the diminutive difference between the bandgaps of CeO2 (∼2.9 eV) and ZnO (∼3.1 eV), were not observed however, a blue shift in the bandgap energy of ZnO was witnessed with the increasing surface density of CeO2 particles. The delayed excitons recombination process with the increasing concentration of CeO2 nanoparticles was verified by the PL spectra. The structural investigation by Raman and XRD analysis revealed the surface attachment of CeO2 particles without altering the rock-salt lattice of ZnO. The morphological and fine microstructural analysis established the uniform distribution of evenly sized CeO2 particles at the surface of ZnO with the discrete fringe patterns of both the entities whereas the XPS analysis confirmed the majority of Ce4+ in dispersed CeO2. In comparison to pure ZnO, cyclic voltammetric (CV) analysis, under illumination, exposed the supportive role of surface residing CeO2 particles in eradicating the photo-corrosion of ZnO whereas the chronopotentiometry (CP) predicted the prolonged life-span of the excitons. Compared to pure ZnO, an appreciably high activity was revealed for 10% CeO2 loading as compared to pure ZnO for the removal of mono and di-nitrophenol derivatives and their mixtures under natural sunlight exposure. The variations in the removal rates in the mixture as compared to individual nitrophenol exposed the structure-based priority of ROS for the respective phenol. The significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity of the composite catalysts revealed the incremental role of surface-mounted CeO2 entities in boosting the generation of ROS under sunlight irradiation. The experimental observations were correlated and compiled to establish the mechanism of the removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Tariq Qamar
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Soomro
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ekram Y Danish
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal M I Ismail
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Hameed
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; National Centre for Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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Recent developments of metal oxide based heterostructures for photocatalytic applications towards environmental remediation. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Aslam M, Qamar MT, Ali S, Rehman AU, Soomro MT, Ahmed I, Ismail IMI, Hameed A. Evaluation of SnO 2 for sunlight photocatalytic decontamination of water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 217:805-814. [PMID: 29660706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The broad bandgap tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) is the least investigated semiconductor material for photocatalytic water decontamination in sunlight exposure. A detailed study covering the synthesis, characterization and the evaluation of photocatalytic activity of SnO2, in the natural sunlight exposure, is presented. The structural characterization by XRD revealed the formation of phase pure tetragonal SnO2 with the average crystallite size of ∼41.5 nm whereas minor Sn2+ states in the material were identified by XPS analysis. As explored by diffuse reflectance (DR) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, the material exhibited a distinct absorption edge at ∼3.4 eV. The morphological and microstructure analysis of the synthesized SnO2 was carried out by FESEM and HRTEM. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronopotentiometry (CP) predicted the better charge transport and retention ability of the material under illumination whereas the Mott-Schottky extrapolation prophesied the n-type behavior with the flat-band potential of -0.60 V. The photocatalytic activity of SnO2 was assessed in the exposure of complete spectrum natural sunlight for the removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. The HPLC and TOC analysis monitored the progress of degradation and mineralization whereas the released chloride ions were evaluated by ion chromatography. The effect of the transition metal ions (Fe3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+) as electron capture agents and H2O2 as ROS generator was explored during the degradation process. The utility of the material for the simultaneous removal of chlorophenols in the mixture was also investigated. The SnO2 exhibited sustained activity in the repeated use. Based on experimental evidence congregated, the mechanism of the removal process and the efficacy of SnO2 for sunlight photocatalytic decontamination of water was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aslam
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Tariq Qamar
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ali
- Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ateeq Ur Rehman
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia
| | - M T Soomro
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikram Ahmed
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - I M I Ismail
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Hameed
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; National Center of Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
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The effect of Fe3+ based visible light receptive interfacial phases on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid in natural sunlight exposure. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Salah N, Hameed A, Aslam M, Babkair SS, Bahabri FS. Photocatalytic activity of V doped ZnO nanoparticles thin films for the removal of 2- chlorophenol from the aquatic environment under natural sunlight exposure. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 177:53-64. [PMID: 27082257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium doped ZnO powders were used as precursors to deposit thin films of V(5+) incorporated ZnO nanoparticles on glass substrates by the pulsed laser deposition technique. The observed variations in Raman signals, visible region shift in the diffuse reflectance spectra along with a small shift in the (101) reflections of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the insertion of V(5+) ions in ZnO lattice. No other additional reflection in the XRD results other than ZnO further endorsed the occupation of lattice positions by V entities rather than independent oxide formation. The asymmetric XPS peaks of Zn2p and V2p core levels confirmed the existence of both in the vicinity. The existence of minimal proportion of V(3+) along with V(5+) states varied the alteration of the oxidation states V in the synthetic route. The SEM images at various resolutions displayed the uniform distribution identical nanoparticles without the presence of additional phases in the deposited films. The SEM cross-section measurements revealed the uniform thickness of ∼90 nm of each film, whereas the surface studies of the films were performed by AFM. The as-synthesized films were tested for photocatalytic activity in sunlight illumination for the removal of 2-chlorophenol. The unique feature of the study was the estimation of the photocatalytic activity 20 ppm of 2-chlorophenol by exposing the low exposed area. The degradation of the substrate was measured by liquid phase UV-vis spectroscopy, whereas total organic carbon measurement revealed the mineralization of the substrate. The released Cl(-) ions were also measured by ion chromatography. The estimated flatband potentials and pHzpc values of the V doped materials, by Mott-Schottky analysis and zeta potential measurements respectively, were correlated with the photocatalytic activity. The kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation/mineralization process was estimated and results were correlated with the plausible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numan Salah
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - A Hameed
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; National Centre for Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - M Aslam
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed S Babkair
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - F S Bahabri
- Sciences Faculty for Girls, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Aslam M, Qamar MT, Soomro MT, Ismail IMI, Rehan ZA, Ashraf MW, Hameed A. The effect of cerium alteration on the photocatalytic performance of WO3 in sunlight exposure for water decontamination. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22002e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to enhance the photocatalytic activity of cubic WO3 in sunlight exposure, its surface was modified by impregnating the Ce3+ ions ranging from 1% to 25% with a step of 5% with respect to the weight of WO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Aslam
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Tariq Qamar
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department
| | - M. Tahir Soomro
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal M. I. Ismail
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad Rehan
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Waqar Ashraf
- Department of Mathematics & Natural Sciences
- Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University
- Al Khobar 31952
- Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Hameed
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- National Centre for Physics
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Mansoor MA, Mazhar M, Ebadi M, Ming HN, Mat Teridi MA, Kong Mun L. Effect of synergic cooperation on optical and photoelectrochemical properties of CeO2–MnO composite thin films. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-temperature (475 °C) fabrication of CeO2–MnO composite thin films having a band gap of 2.5 eV by AACVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adil Mansoor
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur 50603
- Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Mazhar
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur 50603
- Malaysia
| | - Mehdi Ebadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Islamic Azad University-Gorgan Branch
- Gorgan
- Iran
| | - Huang Nay Ming
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
| | - Mohd Asri Mat Teridi
- Solar Energy Research Institute
- University Kebangsaan Malaysia
- 43600 Bangi
- Malaysia
| | - Lo Kong Mun
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur 50603
- Malaysia
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Qamar MT, Aslam M, Ismail IMI, Salah N, Hameed A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Sunlight Mediated Photocatalytic Activity of CuO Coated ZnO for the Removal of Nitrophenols. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8757-8769. [PMID: 25849739 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CuO@ZnO core-shell catalysts, coated by varying the CuO layer density ranging from 0.5% to 10%, were synthesized with the aim to enhance the photocatalytic activity of ZnO in sunlight and control its photocorrosion. Initially, the Cu(2+) ions were impregnated on presynthesized ZnO by wet impregnation and finally converted to CuO layers by calcination. The optical and structural characterization of the synthesized powders was performed by DRS, PL, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD analysis, respectively. The homogeneity of the coated layers was explored by FESEM. The photocatalytic activity of CuO coated ZnO was investigated for the degradation of mononitrophenols (2-, 3-, and 4-nitrophenol) and dinitrophenols (2,4-, 2,5-, and 2,6-dinitrophenol) in the exposure of the complete spectrum and visible region (420-800 nm) of sunlight. The effect of the increasing density coated layers of CuO on photocatalytic activity was evaluated for the degradation of 4-NP. Compared to pristine ZnO, a substantial increase in the degradation/mineralization ability was observable for the catalysts coated with 0.5% and 1% CuO, whereas a detrimental effect was noticed for higher coating density. Prior to photocatalytic studies, as evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), compared to pure ZnO, a significant suppression of photocorrosion was noticed, under illumination, for catalysts coated with lower CuO coating. The progress of the photocatalytic degradation process was monitored by HPLC while the mineralization ability of the synthesized catalysts was estimated by TOC. The estimation of the released ions and their further interaction with the excited states and the reactive oxygen was monitored by ion chromatography (IC).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - A Hameed
- ∥National Centre for Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Aslam M, Soomro MT, Ismail IMI, Qari HA, Gondal MA, Hameed A. The facile synthesis, characterization and evaluation of photocatalytic activity of bimetallic FeBiO3 in natural sunlight exposure. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18808c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to develop sunlight active photocatalysts for environmental remediation, a phase pure bimetallic oxide, FeBiO3, was synthesized by a facile route.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Aslam
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Tahir Soomro
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal M. I. Ismail
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department
| | - Huda A. Qari
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - M. A. Gondal
- Department of Physics
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Hameed
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- National Centre for Physics
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Rashid SG, Gondal MA, Hameed A, Aslam M, Dastageer MA, Yamani ZH, Anjum DH. Synthesis, characterization and visible light photocatalytic activity of Cr3+, Ce3+and N co-doped TiO2for the degradation of humic acid. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00714c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of Cr3+and Ce3+co-doped TiON (N-doped TiO2) for the degradation of humic acid with exposure to visible light is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. G. Rashid
- Laser Research Group
- Physics Department and Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT)
- King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | - M. A. Gondal
- Laser Research Group
- Physics Department and Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT)
- King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Hameed
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
- National Centre for Physics
| | - M. Aslam
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - M. A. Dastageer
- Laser Research Group
- Physics Department and Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT)
- King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Z. H. Yamani
- Laser Research Group
- Physics Department and Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT)
- King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | - D. H. Anjum
- Applied Surface Science Nanofabrication
- Imaging & Characterization Core Lab
- King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23599-6900
- Saudi Arabia
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