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Gholami Z, Khoeini F. Vacancy tuned thermoelectric properties and high spin filtering performance in graphene/silicene heterostructures. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15320. [PMID: 34321550 PMCID: PMC8319332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94842-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The main contribution of this paper is to study the spin caloritronic effects in defected graphene/silicene nanoribbon (GSNR) junctions. Each step-like GSNR is subjected to the ferromagnetic exchange and local external electric fields, and their responses are determined using the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) approach. To further study the thermoelectric (TE) properties of the GSNRs, three defect arrangements of divacancies (DVs) are also considered for a larger system, and their responses are re-evaluated. The results demonstrate that the defected GSNRs with the DVs can provide an almost perfect thermal spin filtering effect (SFE), and spin switching. A negative differential thermoelectric resistance (NDTR) effect and high spin polarization efficiency (SPE) larger than 99.99% are obtained. The system with the DV defects can show a large spin-dependent Seebeck coefficient, equal to Ss ⁓ 1.2 mV/K, which is relatively large and acceptable. Appropriate thermal and electronic properties of the GSNRs can also be obtained by tuning up the DV orientation in the device region. Accordingly, the step-like GSNRs can be employed to produce high efficiency spin caloritronic devices with various features in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Gholami
- grid.412673.50000 0004 0382 4160Department of Physics, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Farhad Khoeini
- grid.412673.50000 0004 0382 4160Department of Physics, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
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Gholami Z, Khoeini F. Pure thermal spin current and perfect spin-filtering with negative differential thermoelectric resistance induced by proximity effect in graphene/silicene junctions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:104. [PMID: 33420296 PMCID: PMC7794392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin-dependent Seebeck effect (SDSE) and thermal spin-filtering effect (SFE) are now considered as the essential aspects of the spin caloritronics, which can efficiently explore the relationships between the spin and heat transport in the materials. However, there is still a challenge to get a thermally-induced spin current with no thermal electron current. This paper aims to numerically investigate the spin-dependent transport properties in hybrid graphene/silicene nanoribbons (GSNRs), using the nonequilibrium Green’s function method. The effects of temperature gradient between the left and right leads, the ferromagnetic exchange field, and the local external electric fields are also included. The results showed that the spin-up and spin-down currents are produced and flow in opposite directions with almost equal magnitudes. This evidently shows that the carrier transport is dominated by the thermal spin current, whereas the thermal electron current is almost disappeared. A pure thermal spin current with the finite threshold temperatures can be obtained by modulating the temperature, and a negative differential thermoelectric resistance is obtained for the thermal electron current. A nearly zero charge thermopower is also obtained, which further demonstrates the emergence of the SDSE. The response of the hybrid system is then varied by changing the magnitudes of the ferromagnetic exchange field and local external electric fields. Thus, a nearly perfect SFE can be observed at room temperature, whereas the spin polarization efficiency is reached up to 99%. It is believed that the results obtained from this study can be useful to well understand the inspiring thermospin phenomena, and to enhance the spin caloritronics material with lower energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Gholami
- Department of Physics, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Farhad Khoeini
- Department of Physics, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran.
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Qiao Q, Tan FX, Yang LY, Yang XF, Liu YS. Largely enhanced thermoelectric effect and pure spin current in silicene-based devices under hydrogen modification. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:277-288. [PMID: 31825044 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07541k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Based on the density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green's function methods, we launch a systematic study of the magnetic properties and thermoelectric effects in silicene-based devices constructed by using zigzag silicene nanoribbons (ZSiNRs). By modulating the adsorption site, it is found that the ground state of ZSiNRs varies from an antiferromagnetic state to a ferromagnetic state. Meanwhile, a spin-degenerate semiconductor evolves into a spin semiconductor. The spin and charge thermoelectric figure of merits have an almost equal value of about 60 in the narrow device, which originates from the spin-dependent conductance dips and high spin-filtering effects. Moreover, a thermally-driven pure spin current in the silicene-based devices is obtained in the absence of the gate voltage, and its magnitude is effectively enhanced as the device width increases. Our results suggest that the silicene-based devices have very good prospects for spin caloritronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qiao
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - F X Tan
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China. and School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - L Y Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - X F Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Y S Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
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Pandey N, Kumar A, Chakrabarti S. First Principle Study of Temperature-Dependent Magnetoresistance and Spin Filtration Effect in WS 2 Nanoribbon. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39248-39253. [PMID: 31557436 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An applicable use of density functional theory (DFT) along with nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) is done for exploring the temperature-dependent spin electron transport nature in a ferromagnetic tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanoribbon. To demonstrate the effect of temperature on spin filtration and spin Seebeck effect, we evaluated vital parameters such as spin-polarized current and spin filtration efficiency. Spin filtration efficiency of around ∼95% is obtained in the high-temperature difference range. The high temperature (TL) of the left electrode in comparison to the high temperature (TR) of the right electrode results in higher and lower spin filtration efficiency in parallel magnetization (PM) and antiparallel magnetization (APM), respectively. Transmission spectrum plots at equilibrium are also calculated in PM and APM to justify the temperature-dependent spin transport behavior in the WS2 nanoribbon. Giant thermal magnetoresistance around 1.934 × 103% is achieved. The temperature-dependent negative differential resistance behavior of the current plot has been observed. Huge value of thermal magnetoresistance (MR) and excellent spin filtration obtained for WS2 nanoribbon suggests the potential application of this material in spin caloritronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Pandey
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay 400076 , India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay 400076 , India
| | - Subhananda Chakrabarti
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay 400076 , India
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Gao XJ, Zhao P, Chen G. Spin Seebeck effect and thermal colossal magnetoresistance in Christmas-tree silicene nanoribbons. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Fu HH, Wu DD, Zhang ZQ, Gu L. Spin-dependent Seebeck Effect, Thermal Colossal Magnetoresistance and Negative Differential Thermoelectric Resistance in Zigzag Silicene Nanoribbon Heterojunciton. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10547. [PMID: 26000658 PMCID: PMC4441135 DOI: 10.1038/srep10547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spin-dependent Seebeck effect (SDSE) is one of hot topics in spin caloritronics, which examine the relationships between spin and heat transport in materials. Meanwhile, it is still a huge challenge to obtain thermally induced spin current nearly without thermal electron current. Here, we construct a hydrogen-terminated zigzag silicene nanoribbon heterojunction, and find that by applying a temperature difference between the source and the drain, spin-up and spin-down currents are generated and flow in opposite directions with nearly equal magnitudes, indicating that the thermal spin current dominates the carrier transport while the thermal electron current is much suppressed. By modulating the temperature, a pure thermal spin current can be achieved. Moreover, a thermoelectric rectifier and a negative differential thermoelectric resistance can be obtained in the thermal electron current. Through the analysis of the spin-dependent transport characteristics, a phase diagram containing various spin caloritronic phenomena is provided. In addition, a thermal magnetoresistance, which can reach infinity, is also obtained. Our results put forward an effective route to obtain a spin caloritronic material which can be applied in future low-power-consumption technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Hua Fu
- College of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
- Wuhan National High Magnetic field center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- College of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
- Wuhan National High Magnetic field center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zu-Quan Zhang
- College of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
- Wuhan National High Magnetic field center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Gu
- College of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
- Wuhan National High Magnetic field center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
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Liu Y, Zhou W, Feng J, Wang X. Enhanced spin thermoelectric effects in BN-embedded zigzag graphene nanoribbons. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yang XF, Zhou WQ, Hong XK, Liu YS, Wang XF, Feng JF. Half-metallic properties, single-spin negative differential resistance, and large single-spin Seebeck effects induced by chemical doping in zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbons. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:024706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4904295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Feng Yang
- College of Physics and Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Wen-Qian Zhou
- College of Physics and Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Xue-Kun Hong
- College of Physics and Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Yu-Shen Liu
- College of Physics and Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Xue-Feng Wang
- Department of Physics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jin-Fu Feng
- College of Physics and Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Changshu 215500, China
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Yang XF, Wang HL, Chen YS, Kuang YW, Hong XK, Liu YS, Feng JF, Wang XF. Giant spin thermoelectric effects in all-carbon nanojunctions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:22815-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02779a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the thermospin properties of an all-carbon nanojunction constructed by a graphene nanoflake (GNF) and zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs), bridged by the carbon atomic chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. F. Yang
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - H. L. Wang
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - Y. S. Chen
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - Y. W. Kuang
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - X. K. Hong
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - Y. S. Liu
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - J. F. Feng
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - X. F. Wang
- Department of physics
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
- China
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Liu YS, Zhang X, Yang XF, Hong XK, Feng JF, Si MS, Wang XF. Spin caloritronics of blue phosphorene nanoribbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:10462-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a first-principles study of the magnetic properties and spin caloritronics of zigzag-type blue phosphorene nanoribbons (zBPNRs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. S. Liu
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - X. Zhang
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - X. F. Yang
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - X. K. Hong
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - J. F. Feng
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional materials
- Changshu 215500
- China
| | - M. S. Si
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - X. F. Wang
- College of Physics
- Optoelectronics and Energy
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
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