1
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Guo D, Yuan H, Wang X, Zhu C, Chen Y. Urchin-like Amorphous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Encapsulated with Transition-Metal-Alloy@Graphene Core@Shell Nanoparticles for Microwave Energy Attenuation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:9628-9636. [PMID: 32020801 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report three-dimensional (3D) urchin-like amorphous nitrogen-doped CNT (NCNT) arrays with embedded cobalt-nickel@graphene core@shell nanoparticles (NPs) in the inner parts of NCNTs (CoNi@G@NCNTs) for highly efficient absorption toward microwave (MW). The CoNi NPs are covered with about seven layers of graphene shell, resulting in the formation of CoNi@G core-shell structures. In the meanwhile, the CoNi@G core-shell NPs are further encapsulated within NCNTs. Benefitting from the multiple scattering of the unique 3D structure toward MW, cooperative effect between magnetic loss and dielectric loss, and additional interfacial polarizations, the 3D urchin-like CoNi@G@NCNTs exhibit excellent MW energy attenuation ability with a broad absorption bandwidth of 5.2 GHz with a matching thickness of merely 1.7 mm, outperforming most reported absorbers. Furthermore, the chemical stability of the 3D urchin-like CoNi@G@NCNTs is improved greatly due to the presence of the graphene coating layers and outmost NCNTs, facilitating their practical applications. Our results highlight a novel strategy for fabrication of 3D nanostructures as high-performance MW-absorbing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry of Education and College of Science , Harbin Engineering University , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Haoran Yuan
- Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry of Education and College of Science , Harbin Engineering University , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Xianchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry of Education and College of Science , Harbin Engineering University , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Chunling Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Engineering University , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Yujin Chen
- Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry of Education and College of Science , Harbin Engineering University , Harbin 150001 , China
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2
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Zeng M, Cao Q, Liu J, Guo B, Hao X, Liu Q, Liu X, Sun X, Zhang X, Yu R. Hierarchical Cobalt Selenides as Highly Efficient Microwave Absorbers with Tunable Frequency Response. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1222-1231. [PMID: 31805765 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microwave absorbing materials have attracted much attention in solving electromagnetic interference and pollution problems. Hierarchical cobalt selenides have been obtained through a facile selenization annealing process. The as-prepared samples exhibit distinct reflection losses (RL) and frequency responses via tailoring their crystalline configurations, with excellent absorption in Ku, X, or C band. All of the samples show RL greater than or near -50 dB with effective bandwidths more than 4 GHz, indicating that they may serve as high-efficient and frequency-tunable microwave absorbers. Especially, the sample annealed at 400 °C shows a competitive RL of -62.04 dB at 9.92 GHz with a thickness of 2.25 mm; meanwhile, its effective absorption bandwidth reaches 5.36 GHz with a thickness as small as 1.56 mm. The cobalt selenides as microwave absorbers exhibit a promising prospect applied in complex electromagnetic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Qian Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Jue Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Baiyu Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xiaozhu Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Qingwei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xin Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xixiang Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 239556900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ronghai Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
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3
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Kuchi R, Latif T, Lee SW, Dongquoc V, Cao Van P, Kim D, Jeong JR. Controlling the electric permittivity of honeycomb-like core–shell Ni/CuSiO3 composite nanospheres to enhance microwave absorption properties. RSC Adv 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08513k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling impedance matching and enhancing absorption properties are crucial for developing next-generation microwave absorbing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rambabu Kuchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 34134
- South Korea
| | - Taha Latif
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 34134
- South Korea
| | - Sung Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 34134
- South Korea
| | - Viet Dongquoc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 34134
- South Korea
| | - Phuoc Cao Van
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 34134
- South Korea
| | - Dongsoo Kim
- Powder & Ceramics Division
- Korea Institute of Materials Science
- Changwon
- South Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources
| | - Jong-Ryul Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 34134
- South Korea
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4
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Yu Q, Su Y, Tursun R, Zhang J. Synthesis and characterization of low density porous nickel zinc ferrites. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13173-13181. [PMID: 35520774 PMCID: PMC9063933 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01076a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ni–Zn ferrite has important applications in the field of soft magnetic materials due to its excellent magnetic properties, but its high bulk density hinders its promotion. Herein, an oxalate precursor was prepared by a coprecipitation method with metal sulfate and oxalic acid as raw materials. The low density porous Ni–Zn ferrite powder was prepared by thermal decomposition in an aerobic environment with the oxalate precursor. The microstructure, morphology, and dielectric and magnetic properties of Ni–Zn ferrite were studied by thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, tap density testing for powder, vibrating sample magnetometry, specific surface and aperture analysis and vector network analysis. The results showed that the purity, morphology, grain size and saturation magnetization of Ni–Zn ferrite were controlled by many factors such as synthetic temperature, retaining time and environmental conditions. Under an oxygen atmosphere, pure Ni–Zn ferrite can be prepared from an oxalate precursor by a thermal process. The ferrite has a wood-splitting appearance and a multi-layered internal cavity structure, and the bulk density is only 1/3 of the general ferrite. It has good soft magnetic and microwave absorbing properties, which makes it a potential excellent material for microwave absorbers. Ni–Zn ferrite has important applications in the field of soft magnetic materials due to its excellent magnetic properties, but its high bulk density hinders its promotion.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushan Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
| | - Yuchang Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Rabigul Tursun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
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5
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Jian X, Xiao X, Deng L, Tian W, Wang X, Mahmood N, Dou S. Heterostructured Nanorings of Fe-Fe 3O 4@C Hybrid with Enhanced Microwave Absorption Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:9369-9378. [PMID: 29470047 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microwave absorption is a critical challenge with progression in electronics, where fine structural designing of absorbent materials plays an effective role in optimizing their microwave absorption properties. Here, we have developed Fe3O4@C (FC) and Fe-Fe3O4@C (FFC) hybrid nanorings via a hydrothermal method coupled with a chemical catalytic vapor deposition technique. FC and FFC hybrid nanorings have fine carbon coating while their size can easily be tunable in a certain range from 80-130 to 90-140 nm. The optimized FC and FFC hybrid nanorings bear minimum reflection loss (RL) values of -39.1 dB at 15.9 GHz and -32.9 dB at 17.1 GHz, respectively, whereas FFC shows an effective absorption bandwidth (RL values < -10 dB) ranged from 5.2 to 18 GHz. Such an enhanced microwave absorption performance of hybrid nanorings is mainly due to the suitable impedance characteristics, multilevel interfaces, and polarization features in nanorings. This work provides an approach to design hybrid materials having a complex structure to enhance the microwave absorption properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Jian
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China
- National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
| | - Xiangyun Xiao
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China
| | - Longjiang Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
| | - Nasir Mahmood
- School of Engineering , RMIT University , 124 La Trobe Street , 3001 Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials , University of Wollongong , North Wollongong 2500 , Australia
| | - ShiXue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials , University of Wollongong , North Wollongong 2500 , Australia
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6
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Lv J, Liang X, Liu W, Chen J, Yang Z, Ji G. Encapsulating metal nanoparticles inside carbon nanoflakes: a stable absorbent designed from free-standing sandwiched composites. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11713-11721. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02713g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple two-step method was used to achieve a stable free-standing sandwich shaped Ni/C nanoflakes absorber with higher conductive loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
- P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
- P. R. China
| | - Guangbin Ji
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
- P. R. China
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7
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Deng J, Li S, Zhou Y, Liang L, Zhao B, Zhang X, Zhang R. Enhancing the microwave absorption properties of amorphous CoO nanosheet-coated Co (hexagonal and cubic phases) through interfacial polarizations. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 509:406-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Biswas S, Dutta S, Panja SS, Bose S. Hollow Semiconductor Nanospheres-Anchored Graphene Oxide Sheets for Effective Microwave Absorption. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Biswas
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Durgapur, WB India- 713209
| | - Suvanka Dutta
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Durgapur, WB India- 713209
| | - Sujit S. Panja
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Durgapur, WB India- 713209
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore India 560012
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9
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Xu H, Yin X, Zhu M, Han M, Hou Z, Li X, Zhang L, Cheng L. Carbon Hollow Microspheres with a Designable Mesoporous Shell for High-Performance Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:6332-6341. [PMID: 28107618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, mesoporous carbon hollow microspheres (PCHMs) with designable mesoporous shell and interior void are constructed by a facile in situ stöber templating approach and a pyrolysis-etching process. The PCHMs are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectra, Raman spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption and desorption system. A uniform mesoporous shell (pore size 4.7 nm) with a thickness of 55 nm and a cavity size of 345 nm is realized. The composite of paraffin mixed with 20 wt % PCHMs exhibits a minimum reflection coefficient (RCmin) of -84 dB at 8.2 GHz with a sample thickness of 3.9 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.8 GHz below -10 dB (>90% electromagnetic wave is attenuated). Moreover, the composite of phenolic resin mixed with 20 wt % PCHMs exhibits an ultrawide EAB of 8 GHz below -10 dB with a thinner thickness of 2.15 mm. Such excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties are ascribed to the large carbon-air interface in the mesoporous shell and interior void, which is favorable for the matching of characteristic impedance as compared with carbon hollow microspheres and carbon solid microspheres. Considering the excellent performance of PCHMs, we believe the as-fabricated PCHMs can be promising candidates as highly effective microwave absorbers, and the design philosophy can be extended to other spherical absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Xu
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xiaowei Yin
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Meikang Han
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zexin Hou
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xinliang Li
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Litong Zhang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Laifei Cheng
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, China
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10
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Deng J, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Zhao B, Zhang R. Facile design of a ZnO nanorod–Ni core–shell composite with dual peaks to tune its microwave absorption properties. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28835a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ni/ZnO composites show two wide attractive absorption bands, which could broaden the effective absorption bandwidth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiushuai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization
- Faculty of Land Resource Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- China
| | - Qibiao Wang
- SHCC Design & Science Research Institute
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Biao Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
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11
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Zhao B, Liang L, Deng J, Bai Z, Liu J, Guo X, Gao K, Guo W, Zhang R. 1D Cu@Ni nanorods anchored on 2D reduced graphene oxide with interfacial engineering to enhance microwave absorption properties. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, one-dimensional core–shell Cu@Ni nanorods which were anchored on two dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) heterostructures were successfully prepared by a simple co-reduction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Luyang Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Jiushuai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization
- Faculty of Land Resource Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming 650093
- China
| | - Zhongyi Bai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Ka Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
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12
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Zhao B, Deng J, Liang L, Zuo C, Bai Z, Guo X, Zhang R. Lightweight porous Co3O4 and Co/CoO nanofibers with tunable impedance match and configuration-dependent microwave absorption properties. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01464c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated one-dimensional porous Co3O4 and Co/CoO nanofibers by calcination of cobalt(ii) oxalate dehydrate precursors in an environment filled with air and N2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Jiushuai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization
- Faculty of Land Resource Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming 650093
- China
| | - Luyang Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Chenyinxia Zuo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Zhongyi Bai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology
- School of Mechatronics Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics
- Zhengzhou
- China
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13
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Zhao B, Guo X, Zhao W, Deng J, Shao G, Fan B, Bai Z, Zhang R. Yolk-Shell Ni@SnO 2 Composites with a Designable Interspace To Improve the Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:28917-28925. [PMID: 27700044 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, yolk-shell Ni@SnO2 composites with a designable interspace were successfully prepared by the simple acid etching hydrothermal method. The Ni@void@SnO2 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that interspaces exist between the Ni cores and SnO2 shells. Moreover, the void can be adjusted by controlling the hydrothermal reaction time. The unique yolk-shell Ni@void@SnO2 composites show outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption properties. A minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -50.2 dB was obtained at 17.4 GHz with absorber thickness of 1.5 mm. In addition, considering the absorber thickness, minimal reflection loss, and effective bandwidth, a novel method to judge the effective microwave absorption properties is proposed. On the basis of this method, the best microwave absorption properties were obtained with a 1.7 mm thick absorber layer (RLmin= -29.7 dB, bandwidth of 4.8 GHz). The outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption properties stem from the unique yolk-shell structure. These yolk-shell structures can tune the dielectric properties of the Ni@air@SnO2 composite to achieve good impedance matching. Moreover, the designable interspace can induce interfacial polarization, multiple reflections, and microwave plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Aviation Materials and Application Technology, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics , Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics , Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Aviation Materials and Application Technology, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics , Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics , Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Wanyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jiushuai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China
| | - Gang Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhongyi Bai
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Aviation Materials and Application Technology, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics , Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics , Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Aviation Materials and Application Technology, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics , Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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14
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Fang J, Wang Y, Wei W, Chen Z, Li Y, Liu Z, Yue X, Jiang Z. A MWCNT–nanoparticle composite as a highly efficient lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber in the range of 4–18 GHz. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24693h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The nanocomposite has an excellent EM wave attenuation ability with a wide absorption band (4–18 GHz), strong absorption (−52.4 dB) and low absorber thickness (strong absorption from 4 to 18 GHz at thicknesses between 1.1 and 3.7 mm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyong Fang
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxi Li
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Liu
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xigui Yue
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for High Performance Polymer of the Ministry Education of China
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
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15
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Huang T, He M, Zhou Y, Li S, Ding B, Pan W, Huang S, Tong Y. Solvothermal synthesis of flower-like CoS hollow microspheres with excellent microwave absorption properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22920d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, flower-like CoS hollow spheres (CHSs), synthesized via a facile solvothermal method in the presence of CTAB, were initially investigated as microwave absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyuan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
| | - Man He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
| | - Yuming Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
| | - Shiwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
| | - Binbin Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
| | - Wenlu Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
| | - Shuang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- P. R. China
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16
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Liu M, Lv G, Chen G, Qin Y, Sun P, Zhou K, Xing X, He C. Synthesis of Cu and Ni chalcogenides and evaluation of their properties for electromagnetic wave absorption. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21341c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu and Ni chalcogenides were synthesized by hydrothermal methods and characterized by XRD and SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes
- National Laboratory of Mineral Materials
- School of Materials Science and Technology
- China University of Geosciences
- Beijing
| | - Guocheng Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes
- National Laboratory of Mineral Materials
- School of Materials Science and Technology
- China University of Geosciences
- Beijing
| | - Guangyi Chen
- School of Automotive Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Yangfan Qin
- School of Automotive Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Automotive Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Kaiyuan Zhou
- School of Automotive Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Xuebing Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes
- National Laboratory of Mineral Materials
- School of Materials Science and Technology
- China University of Geosciences
- Beijing
| | - Chao He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes
- National Laboratory of Mineral Materials
- School of Materials Science and Technology
- China University of Geosciences
- Beijing
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17
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Zhao B, Fan B, Xu Y, Shao G, Wang X, Zhao W, Zhang R. Preparation of Honeycomb SnO₂ Foams and Configuration-Dependent Microwave Absorption Features. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:26217-26225. [PMID: 26552325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ordered honeycomb-like SnO2 foams were successfully synthesized by means of a template method. The honeycomb SnO2 foams were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), laser Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). It can be found that the SnO2 foam configurations were determined by the size of polystyrene templates. The electromagnetic properties of ordered SnO2 foams were also investigated by a network analyzer. The results reveal that the microwave absorption properties of SnO2 foams were dependent on their configuration. The microwave absorption capabilities of SnO2 foams were increased by increasing the size of pores in the foam configuration. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave absorption was also correlated with the pore contents in SnO2 foams. The large and high amounts pores can bring about more interfacial polarization and corresponding relaxation. Thus, the perfect ordered honeycomb-like SnO2 foams obtained in the existence of large amounts of 322 nm polystyrene spheres showed the outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption properties. The minimal reflection loss (RL) is -37.6 dB at 17.1 GHz, and RL less than -10 dB reaches 5.6 GHz (12.4-18.0 GHz) with thin thickness of 2.0 mm. The bandwidth (<-10 dB, 90% microwave dissipation) can be monitored in the frequency regime of 4.0-18.0 GHz with absorber thickness of 2.0-5.0 mm. The results indicate that these ordered honeycomb SnO2 foams show the superiorities of wide-band, high-efficiency absorption, multiple reflection and scatting, high antioxidation, lightweight, and thin thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yawei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University , Jiaozuo 45400, China
| | - Gang Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University , Jiaozuo 45400, China
| | - Wanyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Laboratory of Aeronautical Composites, Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management , Zhengzhou 450046, China
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18
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Zhao B, Fan B, Shao G, Zhao W, Zhang R. Facile Synthesis of Novel Heterostructure Based on SnO2 Nanorods Grown on Submicron Ni Walnut with Tunable Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Capabilities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:18815-18823. [PMID: 26259116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the magnetic-dielectric core-shell heterostructure composites with the core of Ni submicron spheres and the shell of SnO2 nanorods were prepared by a facile two-step route. The crystal structure and morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). FESEM and TEM measurements present that SnO2 nanorods were perpendicularly grown on the surfaces of Ni spheres and the density of the SnO2 nanorods could be tuned by simply varying the addition amount of Sn(2+) in this process. The morphology of Ni/SnO2 composites were also determined by the concentration of hydrochloric acid and a plausible formation mechanism of SnO2 nanorods-coated Ni spheres was proposed based on hydrochloric acid concentration dependent experiments. Ni/SnO2 composites exhibit better thermal stability than pristine Ni spheres based on thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA). The measurement on the electromagnetic (EM) parameters indicates that SnO2 nanorods can improve the impedance matching condition, which is beneficial for the improvement of electromagnetic wave absorption. When the coverage density of SnO2 nanorod is in an optimum state (diameter of 10 nm and length of about 40-50 nm), the optimal reflection loss (RL) of electromagnetic wave is -45.0 dB at 13.9 GHz and the effective bandwidth (RL below -10 dB) could reach to 3.8 GHz (12.3-16.1 GHz) with the absorber thickness of only 1.8 mm. By changing the loading density of SnO2 nanorods, the best microwave absorption state could be tuned at 1-18 GHz band. These results pave an efficient way for designing new types of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Gang Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wanyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management , Zhengzhou 450046, China
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19
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Zhao B, Zhao W, Shao G, Fan B, Zhang R. Morphology-Control Synthesis of a Core-Shell Structured NiCu Alloy with Tunable Electromagnetic-Wave Absorption Capabilities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:12951-60. [PMID: 26018739 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, dendritelike and rodlike NiCu alloys were prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal process at various reaction temperatures (120, 140, and 160 °C). The structure and morphology were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy, which that demonstrate NiCu alloys have core-shell heterostructures with Ni as the shell and Cu as the core. The formation mechanism of the core-shell structures was also discussed. The uniform and perfect dendritelike NiCu alloy obtained at 140 °C shows outstanding electromagnetic-wave absorption properties. The lowest reflection loss (RL) of -31.13 dB was observed at 14.3 GHz, and the effective absorption (below -10 dB, 90% attenuation) bandwidth can be adjusted between 4.4 and 18 GHz with a thin absorber thickness in the range of 1.2-4.0 mm. The outstanding electromagnetic-wave-absorbing properties are ascribed to space-charge polarization arising from the heterogeneous structure of the NiCu alloy, interfacial polarization between the alloy and paraffin, and continuous micronetworks and vibrating microcurrent dissipation originating from the uniform and perfect dendritelike shape of NiCu prepared at 140 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wanyu Zhao
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Gang Shao
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- ‡Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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20
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Shang C, Ji G, Liu W, Zhang X, Lv H, Du Y. One-pot in situ molten salt synthesis of octahedral Fe3O4for efficient microwave absorption application. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15949k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Octahedral Fe3O4particles were synthesized through the combination of thermal decomposition with a molten salt method. F-800 exhibits excellent microwave absorption behavior with a thickness of 1.4 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaomei Shang
- College of Material Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 210016
- P. R. China
| | - Guangbin Ji
- College of Material Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 210016
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Material Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 210016
- P. R. China
| | - Xingmiao Zhang
- College of Material Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 210016
- P. R. China
| | - Hualiang Lv
- College of Material Science and Technology
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 210016
- P. R. China
| | - Youwei Du
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
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21
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Fang J, Chen Z, Wei W, Li Y, Liu T, Liu Z, Yue X, Jiang Z. A carbon fiber based three-phase heterostructure composite CF/Co0.2Fe2.8O4/PANI as an efficient electromagnetic wave absorber in the Ku band. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07192e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesized three-phase heterostructure composite CF/Co0.2Fe2.8O4/PANI shows an excellent EM wave attenuation performance in the Ku band and the minimum RL values are all lower than −20 dB with an absorber thickness of 3.1–4.1 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyong Fang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxi Li
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xigui Yue
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhao B, Shao G, Fan B, Zhao W, Zhang R. Preparation and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of novel dendrite-like NiCu alloy composite. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05323d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The dendrite-like NiCu alloys show outstanding microwave absorption properties with the features of thin-thickness, strong absorption and wide-band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Gang Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Wanyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
- Laboratory of Aeronautical Composites
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23
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Lin L, Xing H, Shu R, Wang L, Ji X, Tan D, Gan Y. Preparation and microwave absorption properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with Ni-doped SnO2 nanocrystals. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17303e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ni-doped SnO2@MWCNTs composites were synthesized by a facile one-step hydrothermal method, and had a maximum reflection loss of −39.2 dB at 8.2 GHz and the absorption bandwidth of reflection loss lower than −10 dB was 3.6 GHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Honglong Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Ruiwen Shu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Xiaoli Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Dexin Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Ying Gan
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
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