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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Oyaizu K. Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11336-11391. [PMID: 37695670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals can hold their unpaired electrons even under conditions where they accumulate, leading to the unique characteristics of radical ensembles with open-shell structures and their molecular properties, such as magneticity, radical trapping, catalysis, charge storage, and electrical conductivity. The molecules also display fast, reversible redox reactions, which have attracted particular attention for energy conversion and storage devices. This paper reviews the electrochemical aspects of persistent radicals and the corresponding macromolecules, radical polymers. Radical structures and their redox reactions are introduced, focusing on redox potentials, bistability, and kinetic constants for electrode reactions and electron self-exchange reactions. Unique charge transport and storage properties are also observed with the accumulated form of redox sites in radical polymers. The radical molecules have potential electrochemical applications, including in rechargeable batteries, redox flow cells, photovoltaics, diodes, and transistors, and in catalysts, which are reviewed in the last part of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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2
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Abstract
Organic batteries using redox-active polymers and small organic compounds have become promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to the abundance, environmental benignity, and diverse nature of organic resources. To date, tremendous research efforts have been devoted to developing advanced organic electrode materials and understanding the material structure-performance correlation in organic batteries. In contrast, less attention was paid to the correlation between electrolyte structure and battery performance, despite the critical roles of electrolytes for the dissolution of organic electrode materials, the formation of the electrode-electrolyte interphase, and the solvation/desolvation of charge carriers. In this review, we discuss the prospects and challenges of organic batteries with an emphasis on electrolytes. The differences between organic and inorganic batteries in terms of electrolyte property requirements and charge storage mechanisms are elucidated. To provide a comprehensive and thorough overview of the electrolyte development in organic batteries, the electrolytes are divided into four categories including organic liquid electrolytes, aqueous electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes, and polymer-based electrolytes, to introduce different components, concentrations, additives, and applications in various organic batteries with different charge carriers, interphases, and separators. The perspectives and outlook for the future development of advanced electrolytes are also discussed to provide a guidance for the electrolyte design and optimization in organic batteries. We believe that this review will stimulate an in-depth study of electrolytes and accelerate the commercialization of organic batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Robert Paul Hicks
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Zifeng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Juchen Guo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yunhua Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Key Features of TEMPO-Containing Polymers for Energy Storage and Catalytic Systems. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15072699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The need for environmentally benign portable energy storage drives research on organic batteries and catalytic systems. These systems are a promising replacement for commonly used energy storage devices that rely on limited resources such as lithium and rare earth metals. The redox-active TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl-4-yl) fragment is a popular component of organic systems, as its benefits include remarkable electrochemical performance and decent physical properties. TEMPO is also known to be an efficient catalyst for alcohol oxidation, oxygen reduction, and various complex organic reactions. It can be attached to various aliphatic and conductive polymers to form high-loading catalysis systems. The performance and efficiency of TEMPO-containing materials strongly depend on the molecular structure, and thus rational design of such compounds is vital for successful implementation. We discuss synthetic approaches for producing electroactive polymers based on conductive and non-conductive backbones with organic radical substituents, fundamental aspects of electrochemistry of such materials, and their application in energy storage devices, such as batteries, redox-flow cells, and electrocatalytic systems. We compare the performance of the materials with different architectures, providing an overview of diverse charge interactions for hybrid materials, and presenting promising research opportunities for the future of this area.
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Rohland P, Schröter E, Nolte O, Newkome GR, Hager MD, Schubert US. Redox-active polymers: The magic key towards energy storage – a polymer design guideline progress in polymer science. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Matsumoto S, Takami H, Nagatsuka T, Oyaizu K. A PROXYL-Type Norbornene Polymer for High-Voltage Cathodes in Lithium Batteries. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100374. [PMID: 34347338 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A newly designed radical polymer with a polynorbornene backbone and unsaturated derivative of tetramethylpyrrolidine 1-oxyl (PROXYL) as pendant groups displays reversible redox at 3.75 V (vs Li/Li+ ). The robust polymer design enables the high voltage while maintaining a promising cyclability (over 1000 cycles). The polymer is also beneficial as an additive to the regular lithium iron phosphate electrodes, where the quickly responding organic material facilitates the charging reactions catalytically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takami
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nagatsuka
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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Aqil M, Aqil A, Ouhib F, El Idrissi A, Dahbi M, Detrembleur C, Jérôme C. Nitroxide TEMPO-containing PILs: Kinetics study and electrochemical characterizations. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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7
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Xie Y, Zhang K, Yamauchi Y, Oyaizu K, Jia Z. Nitroxide radical polymers for emerging plastic energy storage and organic electronics: fundamentals, materials, and applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:803-829. [PMID: 34821316 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing demand for portable and flexible electronic devices requires seamless integration of the energy storage system with other electronic components. This ever-growing area has urged on the rapid development of new electroactive materials that not only possess excellent electrochemical properties but hold capabilities to be fabricated to desired shapes. Ideally, these new materials should have minimal impact on the environment at the end of their life. Nitroxide radical polymers (NRPs) with their remarkable electrochemical and physical properties stand out from diverse organic redox systems and have attracted tremendous attention for their identified applications in plastic energy storage and organic devices. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of NRPs with respect to the fundamental electrochemical properties, design principles and fabrication methods for different types of energy storage systems and organic electronic devices. While highlighting some exciting progress on charge transfer theory and emerging applications, we end up with a discussion on the challenges and opportunities regarding the future directions of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Wakamatsu H, Matsumoto S, Sadakuni K, Matsuoka K, Nagatsuka T, Oyaizu K. TEMPO-Substituted Poly(ethylene sulfide) for Solid-State Electro-Chemical Charge Storage. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000607. [PMID: 33458885 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A poly(ethylene sulfide) backbone is introduced as the main chain of a radical polymer. Anionic ring-opening polymerization of an episulfide monomer substituted with 2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidin1oxyl (TEMPO), a robust nitroxide radical, yields the corresponding polythioether. Compared to the traditional poly(ethylene oxide) backbone, the new polymer shows a lower glass transition temperature (-10 °C), and about threefold higher solid-state ionic conductivity. The polythioether is also shown to improve the charge/discharge properties of a cathode in solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hisato Wakamatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Karin Sadakuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuoka
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nagatsuka
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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Hager MD, Esser B, Feng X, Schuhmann W, Theato P, Schubert US. Polymer-Based Batteries-Flexible and Thin Energy Storage Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000587. [PMID: 32830378 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Batteries have become an integral part of everyday life-from small coin cells to batteries for mobile phones, as well as batteries for electric vehicles and an increasing number of stationary energy storage applications. There is a large variety of standardized battery sizes (e.g., the familiar AA-battery or AAA-battery). Interestingly, all these battery systems are based on a huge number of different cell chemistries depending on the application and the corresponding requirements. There is not one single battery type fulfilling all demands for all imaginable applications. One battery class that has been gaining significant interest in recent years is polymer-based batteries. These batteries utilize organic materials as the active parts within the electrodes without utilizing metals (and their compounds) as the redox-active materials. Such polymer-based batteries feature a number of interesting properties, like high power densities and flexible batteries fabrication, among many more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, Bochum, 44780, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 18, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces III (IBG3), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, Jena, 07743, Germany
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10
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Tezuka T, Ichinoi R, Matsumono S, Sadakuni K, Oyaizu K. Metal-Free, Solid-State, Paperlike Rechargeable Batteries Consisting of Redox-Active Polyethers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2443-2448. [PMID: 31883311 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free and totally organic based batteries were fabricated from functional polyethers. Aliphatic polyethers, in which 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl and viologen were introduced with high density, were used as the cathode and anode active materials, respectively. By stacking nanosheets of the polymers and an imidazolium-substituted polyether as the electrolyte, a solid-state cell only 2 μm thick was made. The anion-type rocking-chair cell showed reversible charge/discharge even at a high rate of 5 C without adding any solvents or plasticizers. Although the unsealed cell was measured under ambient conditions, no significant side reactions (including self-discharging and capacity decay) occurred, whereas conventional electrodes are sensitive to air and water in the charged state. The intrinsic plasticity of the polyethers is also compatible with making free-form, 3D-printable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshiki Tezuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Rieka Ichinoi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Karin Sadakuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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11
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Khademi Z, Nikoofar K, Shahriyari F. Pentaerythritol: A Versatile Substrate in Organic Transformations, Centralization on the Reaction Medium. Curr Org Synth 2020; 16:38-69. [PMID: 31965922 DOI: 10.2174/1570179415666181115102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pentaerythritol (2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propane-1,3-diol) as white crystalline odorless solid has been synthesized in 1891. Pentaerythritol is multifaceted species in many compounds, which are wildly utilized in medicine and industry. Also, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) play a crucial role in organic and medicinal chemistry. Hence, in these reactions, pentaerythritol is a versatile substrate for the synthesis of many polyfunctionalized products, because of the presence of the neopentane core and one hydroxyl group in each of the four terminal carbons. OBJECTIVE The review describes pentaerythritol multicomponent reactions in the presence of different solvents in the reaction medium to produce various compounds including pentaerythritols. This review covers the literature relevant up to 2018. CONCLUSION It is obvious from the provided review that a great deal of research has been done in this field, utilizing various mediums (solvent-free conditions, aqueous media, and organic solvents) for the synthesis of the products of containing pentaerythritols. This classification is based on the importance of economic and environmental friendly reactions. Due to the whole aforesaid reports, some reactions required heat for their progress, and some others were accompanied by microwave or ultrasonic waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khademi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Nikoofar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shahriyari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Xie Y, Zhang K, Yamauchi Y, Jia Z. Nitroxide polymer gels for recyclable catalytic oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00624f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A physically crosslinked nitroxide polymer gel has been synthesized and used as a recyclable catalyst to convert alcohols to aldehydes in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane QLD 4072
- Australia
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane QLD 4072
- Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Flinders University
- College of Science and Engineering
- Bedford Park
- Australia
- Flinders University
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13
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Suwa K, Oyaizu K, Segawa H, Nishide H. Anti-Oxidizing Radical Polymer-Incorporated Perovskite Layers and their Photovoltaic Characteristics in Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:5207-5212. [PMID: 31625275 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A small amount of a radical-bearing redox-active polymer, poly(1-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA), incorporated into the photovoltaic organo-lead halide perovskite layer significantly enhanced durability of both the perovskite layer and its solar cell and even exposure to ambient air or oxygen. PTMA acted as an eliminating agent of the superoxide anion radical formed upon light irradiation on the layer, which can react with the perovskite compound and decompose it to lead halide. A cell fabricated with a PTMA-incorporated perovskite layer and a hole-transporting polytriarylamine layer gave a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 18.8 % (18.2 % for the control without PTMA). The photovoltaic current was not reduced in the presence of PTMA in the perovskite layer probably owing to a carrier conductivity of PTMA. The incorporated PTMA also worked as a water-repelling coating for providing humidity-resistance to the organo-lead halide perovskite layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Suwa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Segawa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishide
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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Mauger A, Julien C, Paolella A, Armand M, Zaghib K. Recent Progress on Organic Electrodes Materials for Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E1770. [PMID: 31159168 PMCID: PMC6600696 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rechargeable batteries are essential elements for many applications, ranging from portable use up to electric vehicles. Among them, lithium-ion batteries have taken an increasing importance in the day life. However, they suffer of several limitations: safety concerns and risks of thermal runaway, cost, and high carbon footprint, starting with the extraction of the transition metals in ores with low metal content. These limitations were the motivation for an intensive research to replace the inorganic electrodes by organic electrodes. Subsequently, the disadvantages that are mentioned above are overcome, but are replaced by new ones, including the solubility of the organic molecules in the electrolytes and lower operational voltage. However, recent progress has been made. The lower voltage, even though it is partly compensated by a larger capacity density, may preclude the use of organic electrodes for electric vehicles, but the very long cycling lives and the fast kinetics reached recently suggest their use in grid storage and regulation, and possibly in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The purpose of this work is to review the different results and strategies that are currently being used to obtain organic electrodes that make them competitive with lithium-ion batteries for such applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Mauger
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR-CNRS 7590, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Christian Julien
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR-CNRS 7590, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Andrea Paolella
- Centre of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES), Hydro-Québec, 1806, Lionel-Boulet blvd., Varennes, QC J3X 1S1, Canada.
| | - Michel Armand
- CIC Energigune, Parque Tecnol Alava, 01510 Minano, Spain.
| | - Karim Zaghib
- Centre of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES), Hydro-Québec, 1806, Lionel-Boulet blvd., Varennes, QC J3X 1S1, Canada.
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Vereshchagin AA, Vlasov PS, Konev AS, Yang P, Grechishnikova GA, Levin OV. Novel highly conductive cathode material based on stable-radical organic framework and polymerized nickel complex for electrochemical energy storage devices. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lee S, Kwon G, Ku K, Yoon K, Jung SK, Lim HD, Kang K. Recent Progress in Organic Electrodes for Li and Na Rechargeable Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704682. [PMID: 29582467 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic rechargeable batteries, which use organics as electrodes, are excellent candidates for next-generation energy storage systems because they offer design flexibility due to the rich chemistry of organics while being eco-friendly and potentially cost efficient. However, their widespread usage is limited by intrinsic problems such as poor electronic conductivity, easy dissolution into liquid electrolytes, and low volumetric energy density. New types of organic electrode materials with various redox centers or molecular structures have been developed over the past few decades. Moreover, research aimed at enhancing electrochemical properties via chemical tuning has been at the forefront of organic rechargeable batteries research in recent years, leading to significant progress in their performance. Here, an overview of the current developments of organic rechargeable batteries is presented, with a brief history of research in this field. Various strategies for improving organic electrode materials are discussed with respect to tuning intrinsic properties of organics using molecular modification and optimizing their properties at the electrode level. A comprehensive understanding of the progress in organic electrode materials is provided along with the fundamental science governing their performance in rechargeable batteries thus a guide is presented to the optimal design strategies to improve the electrochemical performance for next-generation battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sechan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak Road, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Giyun Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak Road, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyojin Ku
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak Road, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak Road, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kyun Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak Road, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Dae Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak Road, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak Road, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Wakamatsu H, Katagiri R, Oyaizu K, Nishide H. An Ultrahigh Output Rechargeable Electrode of a Hydrophilic Radical Polymer/Nanocarbon Hybrid with an Exceptionally Large Current Density beyond 1 A cm -2. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800900. [PMID: 29756236 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Facile charge transport by a hydrophilic organic radical-substituted polymer and the 3D current collection by a self-assembled mesh of single-walled carbon nanotube bundles lead to the operation of an ultrahigh-output rechargeable electrode. Exceptionally large current density beyond 1 A cm-2 and high areal capacity around 3 mAh cm-2 are achieved, which are 101-2 times larger than those of the previously reported so-called "ultrafast electrodes." A sub-millimeter-thick, flexible, highly safe organic redox polymer-based rechargeable device with an aqueous sodium chloride electrolyte is fabricated to demonstrate the superior performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hisato Wakamatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Ryu Katagiri
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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18
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Hansen KA, Blinco JP. Nitroxide radical polymers – a versatile material class for high-tech applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02001e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies for the preparation of nitroxide radical polymer materials and a state-of-the-art perspective on their latest and most exciting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Anders Hansen
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
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19
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Sato K, Mizuma T, Nishide H, Oyaizu K. Command Surface of Self-Organizing Structures by Radical Polymers with Cooperative Redox Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13600-13603. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mizuma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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20
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High-Power-Density Organic Radical Batteries. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:19. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Zhang K, Hu Y, Wang L, Fan J, Monteiro MJ, Jia Z. The impact of the molecular weight on the electrochemical properties of poly(TEMPO methacrylate). Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00151g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the synthesis of high molecular weight poly(TEMPO methacrylate) and the molecular weight influence on electrochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Yuxiang Hu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Jiyu Fan
- Department of Applied Physics
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 210016
- China
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
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22
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Muench S, Wild A, Friebe C, Häupler B, Janoschka T, Schubert US. Polymer-Based Organic Batteries. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9438-84. [PMID: 27479607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The storage of electric energy is of ever growing importance for our modern, technology-based society, and novel battery systems are in the focus of research. The substitution of conventional metals as redox-active material by organic materials offers a promising alternative for the next generation of rechargeable batteries since these organic batteries are excelling in charging speed and cycling stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of these systems and discusses the numerous classes of organic, polymer-based active materials as well as auxiliary components of the battery, like additives or electrolytes. Moreover, a definition of important cell characteristics and an introduction to selected characterization techniques is provided, completed by the discussion of potential socio-economic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Muench
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Wild
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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23
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Paquette JA, Ezugwu S, Yadav V, Fanchini G, Gilroy JB. Synthesis, characterization, and thin-film properties of 6-oxoverdazyl polymers prepared by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Paquette
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Sabastine Ezugwu
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Vishal Yadav
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Giovanni Fanchini
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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24
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Abstract
We present an overview of the synthetic strategies and methodologies for stable organic radical polymers, and summarise their applications in diverse areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane 4072
- Australia
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane 4072
- Australia
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane 4072
- Australia
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25
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Aqil M, Aqil A, Ouhib F, El Idrissi A, Detrembleur C, Jérôme C. RAFT polymerization of an alkoxyamine bearing acrylate, towards a well-defined redox active polyacrylate. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16839b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new strategy for the synthesis of a well-defined redox active polymer, a polyacrylate bearing TEMPO, and its grafting onto a gold substrate is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Aqil
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
- LCAE-URAC 18
| | - A. Aqil
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - F. Ouhib
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - A. El Idrissi
- LCAE-URAC 18
- Faculty of Science
- University of Mohammed Premier
- 60000 Oujda
- Morocco
| | - C. Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - C. Jérôme
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
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26
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Aqil A, Vlad A, Piedboeuf ML, Aqil M, Job N, Melinte S, Detrembleur C, Jérôme C. A new design of organic radical batteries (ORBs): carbon nanotube buckypaper electrode functionalized by electrografting. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9301-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02420j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel hybrid material displaying a fast and reversible charge storage capability is prepared by electrografting of an alkoxyamine-bearing acrylate onto a carbon nanotubes buckypaper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhafid Aqil
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- ICTM
- Electrical Engineering
- Universite catholique de Louvain
- B-1348 Louvain la Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Marie-Laure Piedboeuf
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of Liège (B6a)
- B-4000 Liège
- Belgium
| | - Mohamed Aqil
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - Nathalie Job
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of Liège (B6a)
- B-4000 Liège
- Belgium
| | - Sorin Melinte
- ICTM
- Electrical Engineering
- Universite catholique de Louvain
- B-1348 Louvain la Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - Christine Jérôme
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
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