1
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Yu IF, Wilson JW, Hartwig JF. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Silylation and Borylation of C-H Bonds for the Synthesis and Functionalization of Complex Molecules. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11619-11663. [PMID: 37751601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of C-H bonds in organic molecules containing functional groups has been one of the holy grails of catalysis. One synthetically important approach to the diverse functionalization of C-H bonds is the catalytic silylation or borylation of C-H bonds, which enables a broad array of downstream transformations to afford diverse structures. Advances in both undirected and directed methods for the transition-metal-catalyzed silylation and borylation of C-H bonds have led to their rapid adoption in early-, mid-, and late-stage of the synthesis of complex molecules. In this Review, we review the application of the transition-metal-catalyzed silylation and borylation of C-H bonds to the synthesis of bioactive molecules, organic materials, and ligands. Overall, we aim to provide a picture of the state of art of the silylation and borylation of C-H bonds as applied to the synthesis and modification of diverse architectures that will spur further application and development of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac F Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jake W Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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2
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Sun B, Li W, Liu Q, Zhang G, Mo F. Transition metal-free visible light photoredox-catalyzed remote C(sp 3)-H borylation enabled by 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer. Commun Chem 2023; 6:156. [PMID: 37488210 PMCID: PMC10366130 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The borylation of unreactive carbon-hydrogen bonds is a valuable method for transforming feedstock chemicals into versatile building blocks. Here, we describe a transition metal-free method for the photoredox-catalyzed borylation of unactivated C(sp3)-H bond, initiated by 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). The remote borylation was directed by 1,5-HAT of the amidyl radical, which was generated by photocatalytic reduction of hydroxamic acid derivatives. The method accommodates substrates with primary, secondary and tertiary C(sp3)-H bonds, yielding moderate to good product yields (up to 92%) with tolerance for various functional groups. Mechanistic studies, including radical clock experiments and DFT calculations, provided detailed insight into the 1,5-HAT borylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiqi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenke Li
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qianyi Liu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Gaoge Zhang
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fanyang Mo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China.
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3
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Yu IF, Manske JL, Diéguez-Vázquez A, Misale A, Pashenko AE, Mykhailiuk PK, Ryabukhin SV, Volochnyuk DM, Hartwig JF. Catalytic undirected borylation of tertiary C-H bonds in bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes. Nat Chem 2023; 15:685-693. [PMID: 36973434 PMCID: PMC10684141 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic borylations of sp3 C-H bonds occur with high selectivities for primary C-H bonds or secondary C-H bonds that are activated by nearby electron-withdrawing substituents. Catalytic borylation at tertiary C-H bonds has not been observed. Here we describe a broadly applicable method for the synthesis of boron-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and (hetero)bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes by an iridium-catalysed borylation of the bridgehead tertiary C-H bond. This reaction is highly selective for the formation of bridgehead boronic esters and is compatible with a broad range of functional groups (>35 examples). The method is applicable to the late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals containing this substructure and the synthesis of novel bicyclic building blocks. Kinetic and computational studies suggest that C-H bond cleavage occurs with a modest barrier and that the turnover-limiting step of this reaction is an isomerization that occurs prior to reductive elimination that forms the C-B bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac F Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jenna L Manske
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander E Pashenko
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavel K Mykhailiuk
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergey V Ryabukhin
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M Volochnyuk
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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4
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Ohmura T. Development of Catalytic Reactions that Enable Efficient Conversions of sp<sup>3</sup> Carbon-Hydrogen and Carbon-Boron Bonds. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimichi Ohmura
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology
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5
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Zhong RL, Suzuki K, Yamashita M, Sakaki S. Theoretical Insight into Catalysis of the Aluminabenzene–Iridium Complex for C(sp 3)–H Borylation of NEt 3: How to Control α- and β-Regioselectivities? ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Lin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Katsunori Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Daigakudori 1-1-1, Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho,
Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Element Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Goryo-Ohara 1-30,
Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
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6
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Maghrebi K, Gam S, Hammami B, Alsadiri A, Abderrabba M, Messaoudi S. Exploration of the Mechanism of the Dimerization of Hydroxymethylsilanetriol Using Electronic Structure Methods. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:2661-2670. [PMID: 35097264 PMCID: PMC8792941 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxymethylsilanetriol undergoes condensation reactions to form new structures with an organic part in the formed bridges. As a first step to explore the formation of these bridges, we studied the corresponding mechanisms using simple models and theoretical methods. Three mechanisms were studied for the formation of dimers of hydroxymethylsilanetriol with bridges: Si-O-C-Si, Si-O-Si, and Si-C-O-C-Si. Energies are calculated using M06/6-311+G(d,p) single-point calculations on B3LYP-optimized geometries in solution and including B3LYP thermodynamic corrections. The first mechanism for the formation of the Si-O-C-Si bridge consists of one step. The second mechanism for the formation of the Si-O-Si bridge consists of two steps. The barrier for the last mechanism for the formation of the Si-C-O-C-Si bridge is too high and cannot occur at room temperature. The energy barriers are 31.8, 27.6, and 65.9 kcal mol-1 for the first, second, and third mechanisms, respectively. When adding one explicit water molecule, these energies are 25.9, 22.9, and 80.3 kcal mol-1, respectively. The first and second mechanisms can occur at room temperature, which is in agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Maghrebi
- Faculty
of Sciences of Bizerte FSB, University of
Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
- Laboratory
of Materials, Molecules and Applications, IPEST, University of Carthage, Sidi Bou Said Road, B.P. 51 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia
| | - Safa Gam
- Faculty
of Sciences of Bizerte FSB, University of
Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
- Laboratory
of Materials, Molecules and Applications, IPEST, University of Carthage, Sidi Bou Said Road, B.P. 51 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia
| | - Bechir Hammami
- Faculty
of Sciences of Bizerte FSB, University of
Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer Alsadiri
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manef Abderrabba
- Laboratory
of Materials, Molecules and Applications, IPEST, University of Carthage, Sidi Bou Said Road, B.P. 51 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia
| | - Sabri Messaoudi
- Faculty
of Sciences of Bizerte FSB, University of
Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
- Laboratory
of Materials, Molecules and Applications, IPEST, University of Carthage, Sidi Bou Said Road, B.P. 51 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Origins of catalyst-controlled enantiodivergent hydroamination of enones with pyridazinones: A computational study. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Zhang M, Wu H, Yang J, Huang G. A Computational Mechanistic Analysis of Iridium-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Borylation Reveals a One-Stone–Two-Birds Strategy to Enhance Catalytic Activity. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongli Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Li X, Ren X, Wu H, Zhao W, Tang X, Huang G. Mechanism and selectivity of copper-catalyzed borocyanation of 1-aryl-1,3-butadienes: A computational study. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Zhong RL, Sakaki S. Methane Borylation Catalyzed by Ru, Rh, and Ir Complexes in Comparison with Cyclohexane Borylation: Theoretical Understanding and Prediction. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16732-16747. [PMID: 32894944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Methane borylation catalyzed by Cp*M(Bpin)n (M = Ru or Rh; HBpin = pinacolborane; n = 2 or 3) and (TMPhen)Ir(Bpin)3 (TMPhen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) was investigated by DFT in comparison with cyclohexane borylation. Because Ru-catalyzed borylation has not been theoretically investigated yet, its reaction mechanism was first elucidated; Cp*Ru(Bpin)3 1-Ru is an active species, and Cp*Ru(Bpin)3(H)(CH3) 4-Ru is a key intermediate. In 4-Ru, the Ru is understood to have an ambiguous oxidation state between +IV and +VI because it has a H··Bpin bonding interaction with a bond order of about 0.5. Methane borylation occurs through oxidative addition of methane C-H bond followed by reductive elimination of borylmethane in all of these catalysts. The catalytic activity for methane borylation increases following the order Cp*Ru(Bpin)3 < (TMPhen)Ir(Bpin)3 < Cp*Rh(Bpin)2. Cyclohexane borylation occurs in the same mechanism except for the presence of isomerization of a key intermediate. Chemoselectivity of methane over cyclohexane increases following the order Ir < Ru < Rh. In all of these catalysts, the rate-determining step (RDS) of cyclohexane borylation needs a larger ΔG°‡ than the RDS of methane borylation because the more bulky cyclohexyl group induces larger steric repulsion with the ligand than methyl. One reason for the worse chemoselectivity of the Ir catalyst is its less congested transition state of the reductive elimination of borylcyclohexane. Herein, use of a strongly electron-donating ligand consisting of pyridine and N-heterocyclic carbene with bulky substituents is computationally proposed as a good ligand for the Ir catalyst; actually, the Ir complex of this ligand is calculated to be more active and more chemoselective than Cp*Rh(Bpin)2 for methane borylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Lin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Element Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Goryo-Ohara 1-30, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
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11
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Woźniak Ł, Tan JF, Nguyen QH, Madron du Vigné A, Smal V, Cao YX, Cramer N. Catalytic Enantioselective Functionalizations of C–H Bonds by Chiral Iridium Complexes. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10516-10543. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Woźniak
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jin-Fay Tan
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qui-Hien Nguyen
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Madron du Vigné
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vitalii Smal
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yi-Xuan Cao
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Chen X, Chen L, Zhao H, Gao Q, Shen Z, Xu S. Iridium‐Catalyzed
Enantioselective C(sp
3
)–H Borylation of Cyclobutanes. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Lili Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hongliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Zhenlu Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
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13
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Foley BJ, Bhuvanesh N, Zhou J, Ozerov OV. Combined Experimental and Computational Studies of the Mechanism of Dehydrogenative Borylation of Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by PNP Complexes of Iridium. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J. Foley
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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14
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Chen L, Yang Y, Liu L, Gao Q, Xu S. Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective α-C(sp3)–H Borylation of Azacycles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12062-12068. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Luhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Liu Z, Lu Y, Guo J, Hu W, Dang Y, Wang ZX. DFT Mechanistic Account for the Site Selectivity of Electron-Rich C(sp 3)-H Bond in the Manganese-Catalyzed Aminations. Org Lett 2020; 22:453-457. [PMID: 31913046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
DFT study suggests that the C-H cleavage involved in the C(sp3)-H amination catalyzed by manganese perchlorophthalocyanine complex [MnIII(ClPc)]+ proceeds via hydride transfer (HYT), instead of hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), thus elucidating why the reaction favors aminating the electron-rich C-H bond, rather than that with smaller bond dissociation energy preferred by HAT. Detailed analyses indicate the HYT actually occurs via concerted electron and hydrogen atom transfers and the redox-active ClPc ligand enables the HYT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yu Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jiandong Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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16
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Liu YH, Jiang ZJ. Computational understanding of catalyst-controlled borylation of fluoroarenes: directed vs. undirected pathway. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19562-19569. [PMID: 35515481 PMCID: PMC9054080 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03428b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to understand the origin of the regioselective C–H borylation of aromatics catalyzed by Co(i)/iPrPNP and Ir(iii)/dtbpy (4,4-di-tert-butyl bipyridine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-hua Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhong-Jie Jiang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials
- New Energy Research Institute
- College of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
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17
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Iridium-Catalyzed Undirected Homogeneous C–H Borylation Reaction. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Xing YY, Liu JB, Sun QM, Sun CZ, Huang F, Chen DZ. A Computational Mechanistic Study of Pd(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp 3)-H Borylation: Roles of APAO Ligands. J Org Chem 2019; 84:10690-10700. [PMID: 31419383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A computational mechanistic study has been performed on Pd(II)-catalyzed enantioselective reactions involving acetyl-protected aminomethyl oxazolines (APAO) ligands that significantly improved reactivity and selectivity in C(sp3)-H borylation. The results support a mechanism including initiation of C(sp3)-H bond activation generating a five-membered palladacycle and ligand exchange, followed by HPO42--promoted transmetalation. These resulting Pd(II) complexes further undergo sequential reductive elimination by coordination of APAO ligands and protonation to afford the enantiomeric products and deliver Pd(0) complexes, which will then proceed by oxidation and deprotonation to regenerate the catalyst. The C(sp3)-H activation is found to be the rate- and enantioselectivity-determining step, in which the APAO ligand acts as the proton acceptor to form the two enantioselectivity models. The results demonstrate that the diverse APAO ligands control the enantioselectivity by differentiating the distortion and interaction between the major and minor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Xing
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Biao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Min Sun
- Shandong Kaisheng New Materials Co., Ltd. , Zibo 255185 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - De-Zhan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
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19
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Shi Y, Gao Q, Xu S. Chiral Bidentate Boryl Ligand Enabled Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp3)–H Borylation of Cyclopropanes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10599-10604. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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20
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Harvey JN, Himo F, Maseras F, Perrin L. Scope and Challenge of Computational Methods for Studying Mechanism and Reactivity in Homogeneous Catalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy N. Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lionel Perrin
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INSA Lyon, ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, 43 Bd. du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
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21
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Han JL, Qin Y, Zhao D. C(sp3)–H Bond Arylation and Amidation of Si-Bound Methyl Group via Directing Group Strategy. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Lian Han
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ying Qin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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22
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Zhong RL, Sakaki S. sp3 C–H Borylation Catalyzed by Iridium(III) Triboryl Complex: Comprehensive Theoretical Study of Reactivity, Regioselectivity, and Prediction of Excellent Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9854-9866. [PMID: 31124356 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Lin Zhong
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishi-hiraki-cho 34-4, Takano, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishi-hiraki-cho 34-4, Takano, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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23
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Reyes RL, Iwai T, Maeda S, Sawamura M. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Borylation of Unactivated Methylene C(sp3)–H Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6817-6821. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald L. Reyes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iwai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Masaya Sawamura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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24
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Wang YH, Wu AA, Tan K, Lu X. Metal-catalyzed alkyne oxidation/CH functionalization: Effects of oxidant, temperature, and metal catalyst on chemoselectivity. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:1038-1044. [PMID: 30299551 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Gold-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne oxidation has attracted much synthetic attention, but mostly suffering undesired over-oxidation. Recent experiments demonstrated that over-oxidation could be dramatically suppressed in zinc(II)-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne oxidation/CH functionalization. By means of first-principle density functional theory calculations, we explored the mechanism of the M-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne oxidations (M = Zn(OTf)2 and Au+ PR3 ) as well as the effects of oxidants, temperature, and metal catalysts on chemoselectivity, in an effort to disclose the origin of the extraordinary chemoselectivity pertaining to zinc catalysis. Our calculations indicate that the Zn-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne oxidation/CH functionalization proceeds by a Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism rather than metal carbene insertion mechanism. The chemoselectivity of CH functionalization against over-oxidation in Zn catalysis, in comparison with gold catalysis, can be jointly controlled by four factors: (1) the use of less nucleophilic N-oxide, (2) the enhanced electrophilicity and carbocationic nature of the carbenic site in the α-oxo metal carbenoid intermediate, (3) enhanced steric repulsion to incoming oxidant exerted by bulky ancillary ligand in the close nearby of the carbenic site to disfavor intermolecular over-oxidation and (4) the large negative value of activation entropy in the intermolecular over-oxidation pathway, that jointly give rise to lower activation free energy for the intramolecular cyclization/CH functionalization pathway than for the intermolecular over-oxidation pathway. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Heng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - An-An Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
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25
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Li X, Wu H, Wu Z, Huang G. Mechanism and Origins of Regioselectivity of Copper-Catalyzed Borocyanation of 2-Aryl-Substituted 1,3-Dienes: A Computational Study. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5514-5523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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26
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Zou X, Zhao H, Li Y, Gao Q, Ke Z, Senmiao Xu. Chiral Bidentate Boryl Ligand Enabled Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric C(sp2)–H Borylation of Diarylmethylamines. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5334-5342. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Haonan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Yinwu Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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27
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Zhang M, Liang J, Huang G. Mechanism and Origins of Enantioselectivity of Iridium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Silylation of Unactivated C(sp 3)-H Bonds. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2372-2376. [PMID: 30668096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate the iridium-catalyzed intramolecular silylation of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds. The computations show that the in situ generated iridium(III) silyl dihydride species is the active catalyst, from which the followed migratory insertion and the transmetalation would generate the iridium(III) disilyl hydride species. The reaction was found to take place through an Ir(III)/Ir(V) catalytic cycle, and the C(sp3)-H bond oxidative addition constitutes the rate- and enantioselectivity-determining step. The steric repulsion and C-H···π interaction were found to account for the experimentally observed enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , People's Republic of China
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28
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Ahn S, Sorsche D, Berritt S, Gau MR, Mindiola DJ, Baik MH. Rational Design of a Catalyst for the Selective Monoborylation of Methane. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seihwan Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dieter Sorsche
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Simon Berritt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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29
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Yan X, Yang X. Mechanistic insights into the iridium catalysed hydrogenation of ethyl acetate to ethanol: a DFT study. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10172-10178. [PMID: 30010677 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02401d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory study of the hydrogenation of ethyl acetate catalysed by iridium complexes [Cp*Ir(bpy)OH2]2+ reveals a direct C-O bond cleavage mechanism with two cascade catalytic cycles for the hydrogenation of ethyl acetate to aldehyde and the hydrogenation of aldehyde to ethanol. Calculation results indicate that the rate-determining state in the whole catalytic reaction is the direct C-O bond cleavage for the formation of aldehyde and ethanol with a total free energy barrier of 25.5 kcal mol-1, which is 0.6 kcal mol-1 more favorable than the mechanism proposed by Goldberg and co-workers in their experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
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30
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Wu H, Li X, Tang X, Feng C, Huang G. Mechanisms of Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C–H Functionalizations of Benzamides with α,α-Difluoromethylene Alkynes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:9220-9230. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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31
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Iglesias M, Oro LA. A leap forward in iridium-NHC catalysis: new horizons and mechanistic insights. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:2772-2808. [PMID: 29557434 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00743d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises the most recent advances in Ir-NHC catalysis while revisiting all the classical reactions in which this type of catalyst has proved to be active. The influence of the ligand system and, in particular, the impact of the NHC ligand on the activity and selectivity of the reaction have been analysed, accompanied by an examination of the great variety of catalytic cycles hitherto reported. The reaction mechanisms so far proposed are described and commented on for each individual process. Moreover, some general considerations that attempt to explain the influence of the NHC from a mechanistic viewpoint are presented at the end of the review. The first sections are dedicated to the most widely explored reactions that use Ir-NHCs, i.e., hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation, for which a general overview that tries to compile all the Ir-NHC catalysts hitherto reported for these processes is provided. The next sections deal with hydrogen borrowing, hydrosilylation, water splitting, dehydrogenation (of alcohols, alkanes, aminoboranes and formic acid), hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE), signal amplification by reversible exchange and C-H bond functionalisation (silylation and borylation). The last section compiles a series of reactions somewhat less explored for Ir-NHC catalysts that include the hydroalkynylation of imines, hydroamination, diboration of olefins, hydrolysis and methanolysis of silanes, arylation of aldehydes with boronic acids, addition of aroyl chlorides to alkynes, visible light driven reactions, isomerisation of alkenes, asymmetric intramolecular allylic amination and reactions that employ heterometallic catalysts containing at least one Ir-NHC unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Iglesias
- Departamento Química Inorgánica - ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza - CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Luis A Oro
- Departamento Química Inorgánica - ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza - CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. and King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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32
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Zhang M, Hu L, Lang Y, Cao Y, Huang G. Mechanism and Origins of Regio- and Enantioselectivities of Iridium-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Alkenyl Ethers. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2937-2947. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular
Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lingfei Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular
Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yanmin Lang
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular
Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yang Cao
- Institute of New Energy, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518031, P.R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular
Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- National
Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Education, National Virtual Simulation Experimental Teaching Center
for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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33
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Li X, Wu H, Lang Y, Huang G. Mechanism, selectivity, and reactivity of iridium- and rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular ketone α-alkylation with unactivated olefinsviaan enamide directing strategy. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00290h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations were performed to investigate the title reaction, focusing on detailed reaction mechanism and origins of selectivity and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Li
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Hongli Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Yanmin Lang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
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34
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Wu H, Li X, Tang X, Huang G. Mechanism and origins of chemo- and regioselectivities of (NHC)NiH-catalyzed cross-hydroalkenylation of vinyl ethers with α-olefins: a computational study. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01020j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate the (NHC)NiH-catalyzed cross-hydroalkenylation of vinyl ethers with α-olefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
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35
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Yang Y, Song RJ, Li Y, Ouyang XH, Li JH, He DL. Oxidative radical divergent Si-incorporation: facile access to Si-containing heterocycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1441-1444. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08964c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative radical cleavage of Si–H/silyl C(sp3)–H bonds, dual Si–H bonds and Si–H/Si–Si bonds toward Si-heterocycles is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
| | - Xuan-Hui Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
| | - De-Liang He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
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36
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Xu L, Wang G, Zhang S, Wang H, Wang L, Liu L, Jiao J, Li P. Recent advances in catalytic C−H borylation reactions. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Zhu L, Qi X, Li Y, Duan M, Zou L, Bai R, Lan Y. Ir(III)/Ir(V) or Ir(I)/Ir(III) Catalytic Cycle? Steric-Effect-Controlled Mechanism for the para-C–H Borylation of Arenes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yingzi Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Meng Duan
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lufeng Zou
- Gaussian Inc., 340 Quinnipiac
Street, Building 40, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yu Lan
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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38
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Wang L, Zou H, Zhang X, Huang G. Mechanism and origins of selectivity in rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular [3 + 2] cycloadditions of vinylaziridines with allenes. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00671j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations were performed to investigate the rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular [3 + 2] cycloadditions of vinylaziridines with allenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- P.R. China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P.R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P.R. China
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39
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Xiao P, Wu D, Fang WH, Cui G. Mechanistic insights into the light-driven hydrogen evolution reaction from formic acid mediated by an iridium photocatalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00785j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electronic structure calculations shed important mechanistic light on light-driven hydrogen evolution from formic acid mediated by an iridium photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
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40
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Komiyama T, Minami Y, Hiyama T. Recent Advances in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Synthetic Transformations of Organosilicon Reagents. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Komiyama
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Yasunori Minami
- Research
and Development Initiative, Chuo University, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Tamejiro Hiyama
- Research
and Development Initiative, Chuo University, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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41
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Haines BE, Saito Y, Segawa Y, Itami K, Musaev DG. Flexible Reaction Pocket on Bulky Diphosphine–Ir Complex Controls Regioselectivity in para-Selective C–H Borylation of Arenes. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon E. Haines
- Cherry
L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, 1515
Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yutaro Saito
- Graduate
School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Segawa
- Graduate
School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- JST-ERATO,
Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Graduate
School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- JST-ERATO,
Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Djamaladdin G. Musaev
- Cherry
L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, 1515
Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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42
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Jover J, Maseras F. Mechanistic Investigation of Iridium-Catalyzed C–H Borylation of Methyl Benzoate: Ligand Effects in Regioselectivity and Activity. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Jover
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí
i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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43
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Patel C, Abraham V, Sunoj RB. Mechanistic Insights and the Origin of Regioselective Borylation in an Iridium-Catalyzed Alkyl C(sp3)–H Bond Functionalization. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Vibin Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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44
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Jafari S, Ryde U, Irani M. Catalytic mechanism of human glyoxalase I studied by quantum-mechanical cluster calculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Zuo Z, Yang J, Huang Z. Cobalt-Catalyzed Alkyne Hydrosilylation and Sequential Vinylsilane Hydroboration with Markovnikov Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10839-43. [PMID: 27479796 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A pyridinebis(oxazoline) cobalt complex is a very efficient precatalyst for the hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes with Ph2 SiH2 , providing α-vinylsilanes with high (Markovnikov) regioselectivity and broad functional-group tolerance. The vinylsilane products can be further converted into geminal borosilanes through Markovnikov hydroboration with pinacolborane and a bis(imino)pyridine cobalt catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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46
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Zuo Z, Yang J, Huang Z. Cobalt-Catalyzed Alkyne Hydrosilylation and Sequential Vinylsilane Hydroboration with Markovnikov Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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47
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Pérez-Torrente JJ, Nguyen DH, Jiménez MV, Modrego FJ, Puerta-Oteo R, Gómez-Bautista D, Iglesias M, Oro LA. Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by a ONO-Pincer Iridium(III) Hydride Compound: Mechanistic Insights into the Hydrosilylation and Dehydrogenative Silylation Catalysis. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús J. Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Duc Hanh Nguyen
- Université Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université Artois, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - M. Victoria Jiménez
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - F. Javier Modrego
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Puerta-Oteo
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Gómez-Bautista
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel Iglesias
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis A. Oro
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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48
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Zhang X, Zou H, Huang G. Mechanism and Origins of Ligand-Controlled Selectivity of Rhodium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloadditions of Vinylaziridines with Alkynes. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; Tianjin Normal University; Tianjin 300387 P.R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
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49
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Zhang M, Huang G. Mechanism and Selectivity of RuII- and RhIII-Catalyzed Oxidative Spiroannulation of Naphthols and Phenols with Alkynes through a C−H Activation/Dearomatization Strategy. Chemistry 2016; 22:9356-65. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
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50
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Santoro S, Kalek M, Huang G, Himo F. Elucidation of Mechanisms and Selectivities of Metal-Catalyzed Reactions using Quantum Chemical Methodology. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:1006-18. [PMID: 27082700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical techniques today are indispensable for the detailed mechanistic understanding of catalytic reactions. The development of modern density functional theory approaches combined with the enormous growth in computer power have made it possible to treat quite large systems at a reasonable level of accuracy. Accordingly, quantum chemistry has been applied extensively to a wide variety of catalytic systems. A huge number of problems have been solved successfully, and vast amounts of chemical insights have been gained. In this Account, we summarize some of our recent work in this field. A number of examples concerned with transition metal-catalyzed reactions are selected, with emphasis on reactions with various kinds of selectivities. The discussed cases are (1) copper-catalyzed C-H bond amidation of indoles, (2) iridium-catalyzed C(sp(3))-H borylation of chlorosilanes, (3) vanadium-catalyzed Meyer-Schuster rearrangement and its combination with aldol- and Mannich-type additions, (4) palladium-catalyzed propargylic substitution with phosphorus nucleophiles, (5) rhodium-catalyzed 1:2 coupling of aldehydes and allenes, and finally (6) copper-catalyzed coupling of nitrones and alkynes to produce β-lactams (Kinugasa reaction). First, the methodology adopted in these studies is presented briefly. The electronic structure method in the great majority of these kinds of mechanistic investigations has for the last two decades been based on density functional theory. In the cases discussed here, mainly the B3LYP functional has been employed in conjunction with Grimme's empirical dispersion correction, which has been shown to improve the calculated energies significantly. The effect of the surrounding solvent is described by implicit solvation techniques, and the thermochemical corrections are included using the rigid-rotor harmonic oscillator approximation. The reviewed examples are chosen to illustrate the usefulness and versatility of the adopted methodology in solving complex problems and proposing new detailed reaction mechanisms that rationalize the experimental findings. For each of the considered reactions, a consistent mechanism is presented, the experimentally observed selectivities are reproduced, and their sources are identified. Reproducing selectivities requires high accuracy in computing relative transition state energies. As demonstrated by the results summarized in this Account, this accuracy is possible with the use of the presented methodology, benefiting of course from a large extent of cancellation of systematic errors. It is argued that as the employed models become larger, the number of rotamers and isomers that have to be considered for every stationary point increases and a careful assessment of their energies is therefore necessary in order to ensure that the lowest energy conformation is located. This issue constitutes a bottleneck of the investigation in some cases and is particularly important when analyzing selectivities, since small energy differences need to be reproduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Santoro
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marcin Kalek
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius
Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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