1
|
Thomas JA, Zubi A, Alnafisah HA, Turega S, Marques I, Gomes JRB, Félix V. Being positive is not everything - experimental and computational studies on the selectivity of a self-assembled, multiple redox-state, receptor that binds anions with up to picomolar affinities. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202102465. [PMID: 34755915 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of the self-assembled trinuclear ruthenium bowl 1 3+ , that displays three other accessible oxidation states, with oxo-anions is investigated. Using a combination of NMR and electrochemical experimental data, estimates of the binding affinities of 1 4+ , 1 5+ , and 1 6+ for both halide and oxo-anions were derived. This analysis revealed that, across the range of oxidation states of the host, both high anion binding affinities (>10 9 M -1 for specific guests bound to 1 6+ ) and high selectivities (a range of >10 7 M -1 ) were observed. As the crystal structure of binding of the hexafluorophosphate anion revealed that the host has two potential binding sites (named the α and β pockets), the host-guest properties of both putative binding sites of the bowl, in all of its four oxidation states, were investigated through detailed quantum-based computational studies. These studies revealed that, due to the interplay of electrostatically assisted hydrogen-bonding and anion-π interactions, binding to the α pocket is generally preferred, except for the case of the relatively large and lipophilic hexafluorophosphate anionic guest and the host in the highest oxidation states, where the β pocket becomes relatively favourable. This analysis confirms that host-guest interactions involving structurally complex supramolecular architectures are driven by a combination of non-covalent interactions and, even in the case of charged binding pairs, electrostatics alone cannot accurately define these recognition processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jim Antony Thomas
- University of Sheffiled, Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, S3 7HF, Sheffield, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Ahmed Zubi
- The University of Sheffield, Chemistry, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Simon Turega
- Sheffield Hallam University, Chemistry, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Igor Marques
- University of Aveiro CICECO: Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Chemistry, PORTUGAL
| | - José R B Gomes
- Centro de Investigação em Materiais Cerâmicos e Compósitos: Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Chemistry, PORTUGAL
| | - Vítor Félix
- University of Aveiro CICECO: Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Chemistry, PORTUGAL
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Y, Yu F, Su J, Kurmoo M, Zuo J. Tuning Electrical‐ and Photo‐Conductivity by Cation Exchange within a Redox‐Active Tetrathiafulvalene‐Based Metal–Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Fei Yu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE) School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 P. R. China
| | - Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg France
| | - Jing‐Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou Y, Yu F, Su J, Kurmoo M, Zuo J. Tuning Electrical‐ and Photo‐Conductivity by Cation Exchange within a Redox‐Active Tetrathiafulvalene‐Based Metal–Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18763-18767. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Fei Yu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE) School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 P. R. China
| | - Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg France
| | - Jing‐Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Etkind SI, Vander Griend DA, Swager TM. Electroactive Anion Receptor with High Affinity for Arsenate. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10050-10061. [PMID: 32790360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of a macrocyclic polyamide cage that incorporates redox-active 1,4-dithiin units. UV/vis titration experiments with eight anions in acetonitrile revealed high affinity for H2AsO4- (log β2 = 10.4-0.4+0.4) and HCO3- (log β2 = 8.3-0.4+0.3) over other common anionic guests, such as Cl- (log K1:1 = 3.20-0.02+0.03), HSO4- (log K1:1 = 3.57-0.03+0.02), and H2PO4- (log K1:1 = 4.24-0.04+0.05), by the selective formation of HG2 complexes. The recognition of arsenate over phosphate is rare among both proteins and synthetic receptors, and though the origin of selectivity is not known, exploiting the difference in the binding stoichiometry represents an underexplored avenue toward developing receptors that can differentiate between the two anions. Additional analysis by 1H NMR in 1:3 CD2Cl2/MeCN-d3 found a strong dependence of anion binding stoichiometry with the solvent employed. Finally, titration experiments with cyclic voltammetry provided varying and complex responses for each anion tested, though reaction between the anion and receptors was observed in most cases. These results implicate 1,4-dithiins as interesting recognition moieties in the construction of supramolecular receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel I Etkind
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Douglas A Vander Griend
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Calvin University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen Y, Wu G, Chen L, Tong L, Lei Y, Shen L, Jiao T, Li H. Selective Recognition of Chloride Anion in Water. Org Lett 2020; 22:4878-4882. [PMID: 32496778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A tricationic cage was synthesized via click chemistry. The cage has a preorganized cavity, which is surrounded by six relatively acidic C-H bonds. In organic solvent, the cage can recognize a variety of anions, among which the Cl- anion has the highest binding affinity due to size selectivity. The cage is also able to selectively recognize the Cl- anion in water, even though the binding affinity is just moderate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lu Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ye Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Libo Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tahara K, Terashita N, Tokunaga K, Yabumoto S, Kikuchi JI, Ozawa Y, Abe M. Zwitterionic Mixed Valence: Internalizing Counteranions into a Biferrocenium Framework toward Molecular Expression of Half-Cells in Quantum Cellular Automata. Chemistry 2019; 25:13728-13738. [PMID: 31376186 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Realization of molecular quantum cellular automata (QCA), a promising architecture for molecular computing through current-free processes, requires improved understanding and application of mixed-valence (MV) molecules. In this report, we present an electrostatic approach to creating MV subspecies through internalizing opposite charges in close proximity to MV ionic moieties. This approach is demonstrated by unsymmetrically attaching a charge-responsive boron substituent to a well-known organometallic MV complex, biferrocenium. Guest anions (CN- and F- ) bind to the Lewis acidic boron center, leading to unusual blue-shifts of the intervalence charge-transfer (IVCT) bands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported example of a zwitterionic MV series in which the degree of positive charge delocalization can be varied by changing the bound anions, and serves to clarify the interplay between IVCT parameters. The key underlying factor is the variable zero-level energy difference in the MV states. This work provides new insight into imbuing MV molecules with external charge-responsiveness, a prerequisite of molecular QCA techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tahara
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Nazuna Terashita
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ken Tokunaga
- Division of Liberal Arts, Centre for Promotion of Higher Education, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Shiomi Yabumoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Cox K, Kariuki BM, Smyth A, Newman PD. N2S2 and N4S4 precursors to PS2 macrocycles and cyclic amidinium salts. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:8485-93. [PMID: 27112102 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00806b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cyclo-condensation of 1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane with 2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diyldisulfanediyl)dibenzaldehyde gave the 1 : 1 addition compound chxn-(im)N2S2 in high yield. When the same condensation reaction was performed with 1R,3S-diamino-1,7,7-trimethylcyclopentane as the diamine, the 2 : 2 addition compound tmcp-(im)N4S4 was obtained selectively. Reduction of the diimines gave the saturated analogues chxn-N2S2 (1) and tmcp-N4S4 (3) the former of which could be phosphorylated with PhP(NMe2)2 to give the novel 13-membered macrocycle chxn-PS2, 2. Introduction of the phenylphosphine function proved stereoselective with a preference for the N(R)/N(S) configuration at the nitrogen atoms. The coordination chemistry of the novel phosphine has been explored with Cu(i) and Mo(0) through formation of the complexes Cu(2)I, 4, and Mo(CO)3(2), 5. Extension of the phosphorylation chemistry to tmcp-N4S4 (3) proved unsuccessful but ring closure reactions of both 1 and 3 with triethylorthoformate gave cyclic amidinium salts which are potential precursors to macrocyclic N-heterocyclic carbenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Cox
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Igashira-Kamiyama A, Saito M, Kodera S, Konno T. Helical CuICuII3 Metallocavitands with Sulfur-Containing Schiff Base Ligands Exhibiting Ferromagnetic or Antiferromagnetic Interactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asako Igashira-Kamiyama
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 560-0043 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Masayuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 560-0043 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Shuntaro Kodera
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 560-0043 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 560-0043 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Loughrey JJ, Patmore NJ, Baldansuren A, Fielding AJ, McInnes EJL, Hardie MJ, Sproules S, Halcrow MA. Platinum(ii) complexes of mixed-valent radicals derived from cyclotricatechylene, a macrocyclic tris-dioxolene. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6935-6948. [PMID: 29861932 PMCID: PMC5951140 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02776d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Three complexes of cyclotricatechylene (H6ctc), [{PtL}3(μ3-ctc)], have been synthesised: (L = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene {dppb}, 1; L = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane {dppe}, 2; L = 4,4'-bis(tert-butyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl { t Bu2bipy}, 3). The complexes show three low-potential, chemically reversible voltammetric oxidations separated by ca. 180 mV, corresponding to stepwise oxidation of the [ctc]6- catecholato rings to the semiquinonate level. The redox series [1]0/1+/2+/3+ and [3]0/1+/2+/3+ have been characterised by UV/vis/NIR spectroelectrochemistry. The mono- and di-cations have class II mixed valent character, with reduced radical delocalisation compared to an analogous bis-dioxolene system. The SOMO composition of [1˙]+ and [3˙]+ has been delineated by cw EPR, ENDOR and HYSCORE spectroscopies, with the aid of two monometallic model compounds [PtL(DBsq˙)]+ (DBsqH = 3,5-bis(tert-butyl)-1,2-benzosemiquinone; L = dppe or t Bu2bipy). DF and time-dependent DF calculations confirm these interpretations, and demonstrate changes to spin-delocalisation in the ctc macrocycle as it is sequentially oxidised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Loughrey
- School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK .
| | - Nathan J Patmore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield S3 7HF , UK
| | - Amgalanbaatar Baldansuren
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - Alistair J Fielding
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - Eric J L McInnes
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - Michaele J Hardie
- School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK .
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM , School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Malcolm A Halcrow
- School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK .
| |
Collapse
|