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Rafieemehr H, Farmany A, Ghorbani S, Jafari M, Behzad MM. Serum Trace Element Levels in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: a Before-After Analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4367-4374. [PMID: 38135818 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements (TEs) play a crucial role in metabolism through their biochemical and catalytic effects, and alterations in their levels have been observed in various malignancies. Given that chemotherapy is a common treatment for cancer, it is important to understand how it may affect the levels of TEs in the body. By investigating changes in TEs levels before and after chemotherapy, this study aims to provide insights into the potential impact of chemotherapy on TEs levels in cancer patients. In the present study, analyses were performed on the serum level of some elements including Zn, Cu, Cd, and Se in 69 patients with leukemia, lymphoma, prostate and breast cancers before and after three courses of chemotherapy. The serum TEs were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The serum Zn levels in patients with leukemia, lymphoma, and breast cancer significantly decreased after chemotherapy (P < 0.05). Significant reductions were also observed in the post-chemotherapy serum level of Cd in patients with prostate (P = 0.020) and breast cancer (P = 0.013). Moreover, the Se serum level significantly decreased after chemotherapy compared to before it in the breast cancer patients (P < 0.001). In contrast, the serum level of Cu was higher before than after chemotherapy in all the patients, but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). The results show that chemotherapy can alter the level of TEs. The assessment of TEs in cancer patients may provide information about the side effects of chemotherapy as well as the use of appropriate strategies to better manage the clinical conditions of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rafieemehr
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Implant Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ghorbani
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masumeh Maleki Behzad
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion, Hamadan, Iran.
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2
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Rafieemehr H, Kamyari N, Maleki Behzad M. Concentration of serum trace elements in leukemia and lymphoma: A case-control study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33620. [PMID: 39040232 PMCID: PMC11261077 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Trace elements (TEs) have electrochemical and catalytic effects and play a crucial role in metabolism. A change in the concentrations of specific TEs may be associated with the incidence of various diseases such as solid tumors and hematological malignancies. By comparing the concentrations of TEs in the cases and controls, this study aims to provide insights into the possible impacts of TEs concentration on the incidence of leukemia and lymphoma. Materials and methods In the current study, the serum concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Fe, and Se were analyzed for 20 patients with leukemia and lymphoma and 20 healthy individuals. Those concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results The serum Zn concentration in the cases was significantly lower than that in the controls (P < 0.05). The serum concentrations of Cu, Cd and Fe were also lower in the cases than in the controls. However, no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). Also, the serum concentration of Se was higher in the patients than in the controls, but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). Conclusion The results indicate that a low serum concentration of Zn may be associated with the incidence of leukemia and lymphoma. The assessment of TEs in hematological malignancies may be of a prognostic value and provide knowledge about the side effects of alterations in the concentration of those elements. It may also lead to the use of suitable strategies to better manage the clinical conditions of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rafieemehr
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Naser Kamyari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Masumeh Maleki Behzad
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Mladenović M, Jarić S, Mundžić M, Pavlović A, Bobrinetskiy I, Knežević NŽ. Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers Based on Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:326. [PMID: 39056602 PMCID: PMC11274377 DOI: 10.3390/bios14070326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) exhibit highly beneficial characteristics for devising efficient biosensors for different analytes. Their unique properties, such as capabilities for stable covalent binding to recognition groups (e.g., antibodies or aptamers) and sensing surfaces, open a plethora of opportunities for biosensor construction. In addition, their structured porosity offers capabilities for entrapping signaling molecules (dyes or electroactive species), which could be released efficiently in response to a desired analyte for effective optical or electrochemical detection. This work offers an overview of recent research studies (in the last five years) that contain MSNs in their optical and electrochemical sensing platforms for the detection of cancer biomarkers, classified by cancer type. In addition, this study provides an overview of cancer biomarkers, as well as electrochemical and optical detection methods in general.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nikola Ž. Knežević
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.M.); (S.J.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
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4
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Wang B, Sun Y, Su Z, Lin Y, Jin Y. Real-Time Evaluation of Adhesion Processes and Glucose Response of Cancer Cells onto Phenylboronic Acid-Functionalized Films Monitored by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16481-16488. [PMID: 37910865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between cancer cells and smart substrates is of great benefit to physiology and pathology. Herein, we successfully fabricated two phenylboronic acid (PBA)-functionalized films with different surface topographies using a PBA homopolymer (PBAH) and self-assembled nanoparticles (PBAS) via a layer-by-layer assembly technique. We used a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) to monitor the entire cell adhesion process and figured out the adhesion kinetics of HepG2 cells on the two PBA-functionalized films. As seen from the QCM-D data, the HepG2 cells displayed distinctly different adhesion behaviors on the two PBA-functionalized films (PBAS and PBAH films). The results showed that the PBAS film promoted cell adhesion and cell spreading owing to its specific physicochemical properties. Likewise, the slope changes in the D-f plots clearly revealed the evolution of the cell adhesion process, which could be classified into three stages during cell adhesion on the PBA-functionalized films. In addition, compared with the PBAH film, the PBAS film could also control cell detachment behavior in the presence of glucose based on the molecular recognition between the PBA group and the cell membrane. Such a glucose-responsive PBAS film is promising for biological applications, including cell-based diagnostics and tissue engineering. In addition, the QCM-D proved to be a useful tool for in situ and real-time monitoring and analysis of interactions between cells and surfaces of supporting substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Yingjuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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Wang M, Kejian S, Ye L, Chen J, Ma L. Transforms of Cell Surface Glycoproteins Charge Influences Tumor Cell Metastasis via Atypically Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Including Matrix Metalloproteinases and Cell Junctions. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1498-1507. [PMID: 37498932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell communication and signal transduction rely heavily on the charge on the cell surface. The cell surface is negatively charged, with glycoproteins on the cell membrane providing a large percentage of the charge. Sialic acid is found on the outermost side of glycan chains and contributes to glycoprotein's negative charge. Sialic acid is highly expressed in tumor cells and plays an important role in tumor metastasis and immune escape by interacting with extracellular ligands. However, the specific effect of negative charge changes on glycoproteins is still poorly understood. In this study, we used 9-azido sialic acid (9Az-Sia) to create artificial epitopes on glycoproteins via metabolic glycan labeling, and we attached charged groups such as amino and carboxyl to 9Az-Sia via a click reaction with dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO). The charge of glycoproteins was changed by metabolic glycan labeling and click modification. The results showed that the migration and invasion ability of the MDA-MB-231 cell labeled with 9Az-Sia was significantly reduced after the modification with amino groups rather than carboxyl groups. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the biological process of metastatic tumor cells, with an increasing ability of tumor cells to migrate and invade. In particular, the expression of adhesion molecules increased in the amine-linked group, whereas the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) increased significantly, which is not identical to EMT characteristics. In vivo experiments have demonstrated that the loss of negative charge on glycoproteins has an inhibitory effect on tumors. In conclusion, modifying the positive charge on the surface of glycoproteins can inhibit tumor cell metastasis and has great potential for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shi Kejian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen 518055, China
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6
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Proniewicz E, Starowicz M, Ozaki Y. Determination of the Influence of Various Factors on the Character of Surface Functionalization of Copper(I) and Copper(II) Oxide Nanosensors with Phenylboronic Acid Derivatives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:557-568. [PMID: 34933549 PMCID: PMC8757468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we attempt to determine the influence of the oxidation state of copper [Cu(I) vs Cu(II)], the nature of the interface (solid/aqueous vs solid/air), the incubation time, and the structure of N-substituted phenylboronic acids (PBAs) functionalizing the surface of copper oxide nanostructures (NSs) on the mode of adsorption. For this purpose, 4-[(N-anilino)(phosphono)-S-methyl]phenylboronic acid (1-PBA) and its two analogues (2-PBA and bis{1-PBA}) and the copper oxide NSs were synthesized in a surfactant-/ion-free solution via a synthetic route that allows controlling the size and morphology of NSs. The NSs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, which confirmed the formation of spherical Cu2O nanoparticles (Cu2ONPs) with a size of 1.5 μm to 600 nm crystallized in a cubic cuprite structure and leaf-like CuO nanostructures (CuONSs) with dimensions of 80-180 nm in width and 400-700 nm in length and crystallized in a monoclinic structure. PBA analogues were deposited on the surface of the copper oxide NSs, and adsorption was investigated using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The changes in the orientation of the molecule relative to the substrate surface caused by the abovementioned factors were described, and the signal enhancement on the copper oxide NSs was determined. This is the first study using vibrational spectroscopy for these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Proniewicz
- Faculty
of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of
Science and Technology, ul. Reymonta 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- School
of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1, Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Maria Starowicz
- Faculty
of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of
Science and Technology, ul. Reymonta 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School
of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1, Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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7
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Wang R, Yin C, Liu C, Sun Y, Xiao P, Li J, Yang S, Wu W, Jiang X. Phenylboronic Acid Modification Augments the Lysosome Escape and Antitumor Efficacy of a Cylindrical Polymer Brush-Based Prodrug. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20927-20938. [PMID: 34855390 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Timely lysosome escape is of paramount importance for endocytosed nanomedicines to avoid premature degradation under the acidic and hydrolytic conditions in lysosomes. Herein, we report an exciting finding that phenylboronic acid (PBA) modification can greatly facilitate the lysosome escape of cylindrical polymer brushes (CPBs). On the basis of our experimental results, we speculate that the mechanism is associated with the specific interactions of the PBA groups with lysosomal membrane proteins and hot shock proteins. The featured advantage of the PBA modification over the known lysosome escape strategies is that it does not cause significant adverse effects on the properties of the CPBs; on the contrary, it enhances remarkably their tumor accumulation and penetration. Furthermore, doxorubicin was conjugated to the PBA-modified CPBs with a drug loading content larger than 20%. This CPBs-based prodrug could eradicate the tumors established in mice by multiple intravenous administrations. This work provides a novel strategy for facilitating the lysosome escape of nanomaterials and demonstrates that PBA modification is an effective way to improve the overall properties of nanomedicines including the tumor therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Changfeng Yin
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Changren Liu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Xiao
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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8
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Qiao J, Song Y, Chen C, Qi L. In Situ Determination of Sialic Acid on Cell Surface with a pH-Regulated Polymer Enzyme Nanoreactor. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7317-7322. [PMID: 33949860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid (SA) is an important monosaccharide that is involved in incurable cancer immunotherapy. However, it is difficult to detect SA in situ using the existing strategy based on the SA-terminated glycopeptide extraction from the cell lysate. The countermeasures of the bottleneck caused by cell disruption and peptide extraction should be designed based on a "cell-surface attachment and controlled enzymolysis" protocol. Herein, a poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride-acrylic acid-concanavalin A) (PSM-PAA-ConA) was synthesized and developed as a pH-regulated enzyme nanoreactor after being loaded with sialidase and myoglobin. The nanoreactor showed controllable biocatalysis induced by a cascade enzyme reaction and applied for the in situ detection of SA on a living cell surface. The addition of an acidic solution resulted in a decrease in the size of the nanoreactor and enhancement of its permeability, triggering an "on" state of the SA catalysis. Subsequent pH increase led to increased hydrophilicity of the nanoreactor, increasing its size and resulting in the catalytic "off" state. ConA assisted the cell-surface attachment of the enzyme reactor. Furthermore, SA on the surface of living cancer cells was successfully monitored by the pH-regulated enzyme nanoreactor, demonstrating the feasibility of high specificity in situ analysis for SA. This pH-induced catalytic efficiency control by the enzyme nanoreactor provides a potential platform for functional stimuli-responsive catalytic systems as well as a strategy for in situ analysis of biomolecules on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Song
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang medical University, Xinxiang 453003, P. R. China
| | - Chuanfang Chen
- Beijing key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Zha Y, Lu S, Hu P, Ren H, Liu Z, Gao W, Zhao C, Li Y, Zhou Y. Dual-Modal Immunosensor with Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Ultrasensitive Detection of Chloroacetamide Herbicides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6091-6098. [PMID: 33512133 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Convenient and ultrasensitive detection of pesticides is demanded for healthcare and environmental monitoring, which can be realized with a dual-modal strategy. In this paper, based on a biotin-labeled IgG-modified gold nanoparticle (AuNP@IgG-bio) probe, a dual-modal immunosensor was proposed for detecting chloroacetamide herbicides. This platform is relied on the dephosphorylation of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AA2P) by alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In addition to this process, ascorbic acid (AA)-triggered deposition of silver on gold nanostars (AuNSs) and the fluorogenic reaction of dehydrogenated AA and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) occur sequentially. Thus, the dual readout of the color change of red-green-blue (RGB) and fluorescence generation in situ induced by crystal growth can be used. The limits of detection (LODs) were as low as 1.20 ng/mL of acetochlor (ATC), 0.89 ng/mL of metolachlor, 1.22 ng/mL of propisochlor, and 0.99 ng/mL of their mixture by a smartphone and 0.44 ng/mL of ATC, 1.59 ng/mL of metolachlor, 2.80 ng/mL of propisochlor, and 0.72 ng/mL of their mixture by a spectrofluorometer. The recoveries from corn were 91.4-105.1% of the colorimetric mode and 92.4-106.2% of the fluorescent mode. Due to its simple observation mode and good performance, this dual-modal immunosensor possesses considerable application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zha
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Shiying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Pan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Honglin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Zengshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Gao
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, P. R. China
| | - Chengmin Zhao
- Jingzhou Zhongqiao Biotechnoogy Co., Ltd., Jingzhou 434023, P. R. China
| | - Yansong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, P. R. China
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10
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Mu J, Yu LL, Wellems TE. Sensitive Immunoassay Detection of Plasmodium Lactate Dehydrogenase by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:620419. [PMID: 33505925 PMCID: PMC7831609 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.620419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid, reliable, and sensitive detection of Plasmodium infection is central to malaria control and elimination. Many Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) developed for this purpose depend upon immunoassays that can be improved by advances in bound antibody sensor technology. In a previous study, immuno-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was shown to provide highly sensitive detection of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) in monoclonal antibody (mAb) sandwich assays. Here, we show comparably high immunoassay sensitivity by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Following capture of PfLDH with the primary mAb and binding of the AuNP-labeled detection mAb, ICP-MS signals from the AuNPs provided quantitative measures of recombinant PfLDH test dilutions and P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes. A detection limit of 1.5 pg/mL was achieved with the PfLDH protein. Parasitemia in cultures of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes could be detected to a lower limit of 1.6 parasite/μl (p/μl) for early ring-stage forms and 0.3 p/μl for mixed stages including mature trophozoites and schizont-stages. These results show that ICP-MS detection of AuNPs can support highly sensitive and accurate detection of Plasmodium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Lee L. Yu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Thomas E. Wellems
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
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11
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Lv Y, Zhou Y, Dong H, Liu L, Mao G, Zhang Y, Xu M. Amplified Electrochemical Aptasensor for Sialic Acid Based on Carbon‐Cloth‐Supported Gold Nanodendrites and Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201902049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Lv
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering SchoolNortheast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShangqiu Normal University Shangqiu 476000 P. R. China
| | - Hui Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShangqiu Normal University Shangqiu 476000 P. R. China
| | - Lantao Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShangqiu Normal University Shangqiu 476000 P. R. China
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Mao
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering SchoolNortheast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 P. R. China
| | - Yintang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShangqiu Normal University Shangqiu 476000 P. R. China
| | - Maotian Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShangqiu Normal University Shangqiu 476000 P. R. China
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
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12
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Nanotechnology and sialic acid biology. SIALIC ACIDS AND SIALOGLYCOCONJUGATES IN THE BIOLOGY OF LIFE, HEALTH AND DISEASE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7153339 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816126-5.00011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Tang Q, Liu J, Jiang Y, Zhang M, Mao L, Wang M. Cell-Selective Messenger RNA Delivery and CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing by Modulating the Interface of Phenylboronic Acid-Derived Lipid Nanoparticles and Cellular Surface Sialic Acid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46585-46590. [PMID: 31763806 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) represents an emerging class of nucleic acid therapeutics for genome editing and genetic disease treatment. Delivering exogenous mRNA selectively to cells, however, remains a main challenge to broaden the biomedical application of mRNA and develop targeted gene therapy. Herein, we report cell-selective mRNA delivery and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing by modulating the interface of phenylboronic acid (PBA) derived lipid nanoparticles (NPs) and cellular surface sialic acid (SA). We design a cationic lipid featuring a PBA group, PBA-BADP, to self-assemble with mRNA into nanoparticles via electrostatic interactions. Importantly, these nanoparticles present free PBA groups on their surface, showing an enhanced cellular uptake by SA-overexpressing cancer cells via the interfacial PBA/SA interaction. It is shown that PBA-BADP/mRNA NPs transfection results in 300 times higher luciferase reporter gene expression in cancer cells than that in noncancer cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that the delivery of tumor suppressor p53 mRNA using PBA-BADP selectively prohibits cancer cell growth, while PBA-BADP/Cas9 mRNA NPs delivery knocks out gene expression of HeLa cancer cells in a much higher efficiency than noncancer cells. We believe these findings could further extend the modulation of PBA and cellular SA interface to advance mRNA delivery and genome editing for new gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- Department of Chemistry , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Ji Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ying Jiang
- College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Meining Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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14
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Yin L, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Gao Y, Gu J. Recent advances in single-cell analysis by mass spectrometry. Analyst 2019; 144:824-845. [PMID: 30334031 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01190g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cells are the most basic structural units that play vital roles in the functioning of living organisms. Analysis of the chemical composition and content of a single cell plays a vital role in ensuring precise investigations of cellular metabolism, and is a crucial aspect of lipidomic and proteomic studies. In addition, structural knowledge provides a better understanding of cell behavior as well as the cellular and subcellular mechanisms. However, single-cell analysis can be very challenging due to the very small size of each cell as well as the large variety and extremely low concentrations of substances found in individual cells. On account of its high sensitivity and selectivity, mass spectrometry holds great promise as an effective technique for single-cell analysis. Numerous mass spectrometric techniques have been developed to elucidate the molecular profiles at the cellular level, including electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), laser-based mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In this review, the recent advances in single-cell analysis by mass spectrometry are summarized. The strategies of different ionization modes to achieve single-cell analysis are classified and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Research Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Dongminzhu Street, Changchun 130061, PR China.
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15
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Miao X, Wen S, Su Y, Fu J, Luo X, Wu P, Cai C, Jelinek R, Jiang LP, Zhu JJ. Graphene Quantum Dots Wrapped Gold Nanoparticles with Integrated Enhancement Mechanisms as Sensitive and Homogeneous Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7295-7303. [PMID: 31062958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rational engineering of highly stable and Raman-active nanostructured substrates is still urgently in demand for achieving sensitive and reliable surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis in solution phase. Herein, monodisperse N-doping graphene quantum dots wrapped Au nanoparticles (Au-NGQD NPs) were facilely prepared, and further their applications as substrates in SERS-based detection and cellular imaging have been explored. The as-prepared Au-NGQD NPs exhibit superior long-term stability and biocompatibility, as well as large enhancement capability due to the integration of electromagnetic and chemical enhancements. The practical applicability of the Au-NGQD NPs was verified via the direct SERS tests of several kinds of aromatics in solution phase. Finite-difference time-domain simulations in combination with density functional theory calculation were also successfully used to explain the enhancement mechanism. Furthermore, the Au-NGQD NPs were conjugated with 4-nitrobenzenethiol (4-NBT, as reporter) and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (MPBA, as targeting element) to construct the MPBA/4-NBT@Au-NGQD probes, which could specifically recognize glycan-overexpressed cancer cells through SERS imaging on a cell surface. The prepared Au-NGQDs show great potential as superior SERS substrates in solution phase for on-site Raman detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuran Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Shengping Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Yu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Jiaju Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , China
| | - Ping Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , China
| | - Chenxin Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097 , China
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Department of Chemistry , Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva 84105 , Israel
| | - Li-Ping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
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16
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A selective probe based on 3‑aminophenyl boronic acid assembly on dithiobis(succinimidylpropionate) functionalized gold nanoparticles for sialic acid detection in human serum. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.02.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Jiang P, Wang Y, Zhao L, Ji C, Chen D, Nie L. Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Non-Optical Biosensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E977. [PMID: 30486293 PMCID: PMC6315477 DOI: 10.3390/nano8120977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Due to their unique properties, such as good biocompatibility, excellent conductivity, effective catalysis, high density, and high surface-to-volume ratio, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used in the field of bioassay. Mainly, AuNPs used in optical biosensors have been described in some reviews. In this review, we highlight recent advances in AuNP-based non-optical bioassays, including piezoelectric biosensor, electrochemical biosensor, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) bio-detection. Some representative examples are presented to illustrate the effect of AuNPs in non-optical bioassay and the mechanisms of AuNPs in improving detection performances are described. Finally, the review summarizes the future prospects of AuNPs in non-optical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Yulin Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Lan Zhao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Chenyang Ji
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Dongchu Chen
- School of Material Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Libo Nie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
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18
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Song Z, Li M, Li B, Yan Y, Song Y. Automatic detecting and counting magnetic beads-labeled target cells from a suspension in a microfluidic chip. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:897-905. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Song
- Department of Radiotherapy; Jiaozhou Central Hospital; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering; University of Waterloo; Waterloo ON Canada
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Marine Engineering; Dalian Maritime University; Dalian P. R. China
| | - Yimo Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
- Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Song
- Department of Marine Engineering; Dalian Maritime University; Dalian P. R. China
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19
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Whited J, Zhang X, Nie H, Wang D, Li Y, Sun XL. Recent Chemical Biology Approaches for Profiling Cell Surface Sialylation Status. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:2364-2374. [PMID: 30053371 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids (SAs) often exist as the terminal sugars of glycans of either glycoproteins or glycolipids on the cell surface and thus are directly involved in biological processes, such as cell-cell, cell-ligand, and cell-pathogen interactions. Cell surface SA expression levels and their linkages are collectively termed cell surface sialylation status, which represent varying cellular states and contribute to the overall functionality of a cell. Accordingly, systemic and specific profiling of the cell surface sialyation status is critical in deciphering the structures and functions of cell surface glycoconjugates and the molecular mechanisms of their underlying biological processes. In recent decades, several advanced chemical biology approaches have been developed to profile the cell surface sialyation status of both in vitro and in vivo samples, including metabolic labeling, direct chemical modification, and boronic acid coupling approaches. Various investigative technologies have also been explored for their unique competence, including fluorescent imaging, flow cytometry, Raman imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry. In particular, the sialylation status of a specific glycoprotein on the cell surface has been investigated. This review highlights the recent advancements in chemical biology approaches for profiling cell surface sialyation status. It is expected that this review will provide researchers different choices for both biological and biomedical research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Whited
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang-jie, Harbin, Heilongjiang 5001, China
| | - Huan Nie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang-jie, Harbin, Heilongjiang 5001, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Yu Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang-jie, Harbin, Heilongjiang 5001, China
| | - Xue-Long Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
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20
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Colorimetric determination of sialic acid based on boronic acid-mediated aggregation of gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:409. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2951-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Xu K, Shi J, Pourmand A, Udayakumar TS, Dogan N, Zhao W, Pollack A, Yang Y. Plasmonic Optical Imaging of Gold Nanorods Localization in Small Animals. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9342. [PMID: 29921960 PMCID: PMC6008467 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNP) have been intensively investigated for applications in cancer imaging and therapy. Most imaging studies focused on microscopic imaging. Their potential as optical imaging probes for whole body small animal imaging has rarely been explored. Taking advantage of their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties, we aim to develop a noninvasive diffuse optical imaging method to map the distribution of a special type of GNP, gold nanorods (GNR), in small animals. We developed an integrated dual-modality imaging system capable of both x-ray computed tomography (XCT) and diffuse optical tomography (DOT). XCT provides the animal anatomy and contour required for DOT; DOT maps the distribution of GNR in the animal. This SPR enhanced optical imaging (SPROI) technique was investigated using simulation, phantom and mouse experiments. The distribution of GNR at various concentrations (0.1-100 nM, or 3.5 ug/g-3.5 mg/g) was successfully reconstructed from centimeter-scaled volumes. SPROI detected GNR at 18 μg/g concentration in the mouse breast tumor, and is 3 orders more sensitive than x-ray imaging. This study demonstrated the high sensitivity of SPROI in mapping GNR distributions in small animals. It does not require additional imaging tags other than GNR themselves. SPROI can be used to detect tumors targeted by GNR via passive targeting based on enhanced permeability and retention or via active targeting using biologically conjugated ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Junwei Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ali Pourmand
- Department of Marine Geoscience, University of Miami RSMAS, Miami, FL, 33149, USA
| | | | - Nesrin Dogan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Weizhao Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Alan Pollack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Yidong Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
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22
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Deng R, Yue J, Qu H, Liang L, Sun D, Zhang J, Liang C, Xu W, Xu S. Glucose-bridged silver nanoparticle assemblies for highly sensitive molecular recognition of sialic acid on cancer cells via surface-enhanced raman scattering spectroscopy. Talanta 2018; 179:200-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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23
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Fang G, Wang H, Bian Z, Sun J, Liu A, Fang H, Liu B, Yao Q, Wu Z. Recent development of boronic acid-based fluorescent sensors. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29400-29427. [PMID: 35548017 PMCID: PMC9084483 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04503h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As Lewis acids, boronic acids can bind with 1,2- or 1,3-diols in aqueous solution reversibly and covalently to form five or six cyclic esters, thus resulting in significant fluorescence changes. Based on this phenomenon, boronic acid compounds have been well developed as sensors to recognize carbohydrates or other substances. Several reviews in this area have been reported before, however, novel boronic acid-based fluorescent sensors have emerged in large numbers in recent years. This paper reviews new boron-based sensors from the last five years that can detect carbohydrates such as glucose, ribose and sialyl Lewis A/X, and other substances including catecholamines, reactive oxygen species, and ionic compounds. And emerging electrochemically related fluorescent sensors and functionalized boronic acid as new materials including nanoparticles, smart polymer gels, and quantum dots were also involved. By summarizing and discussing these newly developed sensors, we expect new inspiration in the design of boronic acid-based fluorescent sensors. As Lewis acids, boronic acids can bind with 1,2- or 1,3-diols in aqueous solution reversibly and covalently to form five or six cyclic esters, thus resulting in significant fluorescence changes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqian Fang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
| | - Zhancun Bian
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
| | - Aiqin Liu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
| | - Zhongyu Wu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences
- University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250200
- China
- Institute of Materia Medica
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24
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Boronic acid-based chemical sensors for saccharides. Carbohydr Res 2017; 452:129-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Yang B, Zhang Y, Chen B, He M, Yin X, Wang H, Li X, Hu B. A multifunctional probe for ICP-MS determination and multimodal imaging of cancer cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 96:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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26
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Liu Z, Li X, Xiao G, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the quantitative analysis of biomolecules with exogenous tags: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Zhang X, Zhang S, Baek SJ, Best MD. A Boronic Acid Assay for the Detection of Mucin-1 Glycoprotein from Cancer Cells. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1578-1582. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tennessee; 1420 Circle Drive Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Tennessee; 2407 River Drive Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Seung Joon Baek
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction; College of Veterinary Medicine and; Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Michael D. Best
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tennessee; 1420 Circle Drive Knoxville TN 37996 USA
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28
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Thareja S, Zhu M, Ji X, Wang B. Boron-based small molecules in disease detection and treatment (2013–2016). HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2017-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractRecent years have seen tremendous development in the design and synthesis of boron-based compounds as potential therapeutics and for detection applications. The present review highlights the most recent development of these boron-based small molecules, covering clinically used ixazomib, tavaborole, crisaborole and other molecules from 2013 to 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Thareja
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xingyue Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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29
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Yang B, Zhang Y, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Elemental-tagged immunoassay combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the detection of tumor cells using a lead sulfide nanoparticle label. Talanta 2017; 167:499-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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30
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Hao Y, Zheng C, Wang L, Hu Y, Guo H, Song Q, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Covalent self-assembled nanoparticles with pH-dependent enhanced tumor retention and drug release for improving tumor therapeutic efficiency. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:2133-2144. [PMID: 32263686 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02833k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Developing a smart drug delivery system with enhanced tumor retention at the tumor site, and rapid intracellular drug release promises to improve the therapeutic index and mitigate side effects. To this end, covalent phenylboronic acid (PBA)-based self-assembly nanoparticles (BNPs) consisting of pH-responsive cores and detachable poloxamer 188 shells were constructed for loading doxorubicin (DOX) in a simple process. The poloxamer 188 coating could be easily detached when the breakage of the borate ester bonds in the external nanocores was initially triggered in the tumor extracellular weak acid environment. The concealed PBA was subsequently exposed and could react with sialic acids (SA), which are overexpressed on tumor cells, and this enhanced the tumor retention effect of the fresh nanoparticle as well as facilitating the cellular uptake after removing the protective layers. Furthermore, owing to the existence of pH-responsive esters, the uptaken fresh nanoparticles could rapidly release DOX in the acidic tumor environment, which resulted in an enhanced therapeutic efficiency in vitro and in vivo. In summary, this pH dependent behaviour of DOX/BNPs provided new insights for enhanced chemotherapeutic treatment in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, P. R. China.
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31
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Yang B, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Quantum Dots Labeling Strategy for “Counting and Visualization” of HepG2 Cells. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1879-1886. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department
of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department
of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department
of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department
of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Xiong Y, Jiang G, Li M, Qing G, Li X, Liang X, Sun T. Sialic Acid-Responsive Polymeric Interface Material: From Molecular Recognition to Macroscopic Property Switching. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40913. [PMID: 28084463 PMCID: PMC5234036 DOI: 10.1038/srep40913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological systems that utilize multiple weak non-covalent interactions and hierarchical assemblies to achieve various bio-functions bring much inspiration for the design of artificial biomaterials. However, it remains a big challenge to correlate underlying biomolecule interactions with macroscopic level of materials, for example, recognizing such weak interaction, further transforming it into regulating material's macroscopic property and contributing to some new bio-applications. Here we designed a novel smart polymer based on polyacrylamide (PAM) grafted with lactose units (PAM-g-lactose0.11), and reported carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction (CCI)-promoted macroscopic properties switching on this smart polymer surface. Detailed investigations indicated that the binding of sialic acid molecules with the grafted lactose units via the CCIs induced conformational transformation of the polymer chains, further resulted in remarkable and reversible switching in surface topography, wettability and stiffness. With these excellent recognition and response capacities towards sialic acid, the PAM-g-lactose0.11 further facilitated good selectivity, strong anti-interference and high adsorption capacity in the capture of sialylated glycopeptides (important biomarkers for cancers). This work provides some enlightenment for the development of biointerface materials with tunable property, as well as high-performance glycopeptide enrichment materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Ge Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Minmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Guangyan Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, P.R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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Yang X, Zhou L, Hao Y, Zhou B, Yang P. Erythrocytes-based quartz crystal microbalance cytosensor for in situ detection of cell surface sialic acid. Analyst 2017; 142:2169-2176. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00073a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocytes-based quartz crystal microbalance cytosensor forin situdetection of cell surface sialic acid using AuNPs/APBA signal amplification nanoprobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Peihui Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
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Simultaneous detection of MCF-7 and HepG2 cells in blood by ICP-MS with gold nanoparticles and quantum dots as elemental tags. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 90:343-348. [PMID: 27940237 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate a novel method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and quantum dots (QDs) labeling for the simultaneous counting of two circulating tumor cell lines (MCF-7 and HepG2 cells) in human blood. MCF-7 and HepG2 cells were captured by magnetic beads coupled with anti-EpCAM and then specifically labeled by CdSe QDs-anti-ASGPR and Au NPs-anti-MUC1, respectively, which were used as signal probes for ICP-MS measurement. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection of 50 MCF-7, 89 HepG2 cells and the linear ranges of 200-40000 MCF-7, 300-30000 HepG2 cells were obtained, and the relative standard deviations for seven replicate detections of 800 MCF-7 and HepG2 cells were 4.6% and 5.7%, respectively. This method has the advantages of high sensitivity, low sample consumption, wide linear range and can be extended to the simultaneous detection of multiple CTC lines in human peripheral blood.
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Zhang JJ, Cheng FF, Zheng TT, Zhu JJ. Versatile aptasensor for electrochemical quantification of cell surface glycan and naked-eye tracking glycolytic inhibition in living cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 89:937-945. [PMID: 27818049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying the glycan expression status on cell surfaces is of vital importance for insight into the glycan function in biological processes and related diseases. Here we developed a versatile aptasensor for electrochemical quantification of cell surface glycan by taking advantage of the cell-specific aptamer, and the lectin-functionalized gold nanoparticles acting as both a glycan recognition unit and a signal amplification probe. To construct the aptasensor, amine-functionalized mucin 1 protein (MUC1) aptamer was first covalently conjugated to carboxylated-magnetic beads (MBs) using the succinimide coupling (EDC-NHS) method. On the basis of the specific recognition between aptamer and MUC1 protein that overexpressed on the surface of MCF-7 cells, the aptamer conjugated MBs showed a predominant capability for cell capture with high selectivity. Moreover, a lectin-based nanoprobe was designed by noncovalent assembly of concanavalin A (ConA) on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This nanoprobe incorporated the abilities of both the specific carbohydrate recognition and the signal amplification based on the gold-promoted reduction of silver ions. By coupling with electrochemical stripping analysis, the proposed sandwich-type cytosensor showed an excellent analytical performance for the ultrasensitive detection of MCF-7 cells and quantification of cell surface glycan. More importantly, taking advantage of Con A-gold nanoprobe catalyzed silver enhancement, the proposed method was further used for naked-eye tracking glycolytic inhibition in living cells. This aptasensor holds great promise as a new point-of-care diagnostic tool for analyzing glycan expression on living cells and further helps cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Fang-Fang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Zhang X, Chen B, He M, Wang H, Hu B. Gold nanoparticles labeling with hybridization chain reaction amplification strategy for the sensitive detection of HepG2 cells by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:736-740. [PMID: 27476054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is of great significance in the early detection of cancer and cancer metastasis. This work reported an efficient, specific, and sensitive immunoassay protocol for detection of tumor cells by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) labeling and hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification. In the established approach, antibodies against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (anti-EpCAM) conjugated magnetic beads (MBs) were used for selective capture of tumor cells from peripheral blood, aptamer was applied for the recognition of captured tumor cells, and AuNPs labeled DNA concatamer was used as the signal probe for tumor cell labeling and ICP-MS detection. Due to the dual amplification effect of AuNPs and HCR, the limit of detection of this ICP-MS based method for HepG2 cells was as low as 15 cells, and the linear range was 40-8000 cells with the relative standard deviation for seven replicate detections of 200 HepG2 cells was 8.7%. Furthermore, the applicability of the method for the analysis of peripheral blood samples was demonstrated by the spiking tests. The established method was highly specific and sensitive for the detection of HepG2 cells, and has a good application potential in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China.
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Song W, Ding L, Chen Y, Ju H. Plasmonic coupling of dual gold nanoprobes for SERS imaging of sialic acids on living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10640-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04147g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A single-core–multi-satellite nanostructure was designed by the recognition of target sialic acids and the assembly of functional Au nanoparticles into a Au nanoflower-based probe, which leads to plasmonic coupling of two kinds of Au nanoprobes to produce a sensitive SERS signal for the imaging of sialic acids on living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Lin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
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