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Singh A, Patel G, Patel SS. Twinkle-Catalyzed Toehold-Mediated DNA Strand Displacement Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2023:10.1021/jacs.3c04970. [PMID: 37917930 PMCID: PMC11063129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Strand exchange between homologous nucleic acid sequences is the basis for cellular DNA repair, recombination, and genome editing technologies. Specialized enzymes catalyze cellular strand exchange; however, the reaction occurs spontaneously when a single-stranded DNA toehold can dock the invader strand on the target DNA to initiate strand exchange through branch migration. Due to its precise response, the spontaneous toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) reaction is widely employed in DNA nanotechnology. However, enzyme-free TMSD suffers from slow rates, resulting in slow response times. Here, we show that human mitochondrial DNA helicase Twinkle can accelerate TMSD up to 6000-fold. Mechanistic studies indicate that Twinkle accelerates TMSD by catalyzing the docking step, which typically limits spontaneous reactions. The catalysis occurs without ATP, and Twinkle-catalyzed TMSD rates remain sensitive to base-pair mismatches. The simple catalysis, tunability, and speed improvement of the catalyzed TMSD can be leveraged in nanotechnology, requiring sensitive detection and faster response times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gayatri Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Smita S. Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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2
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Moerman PG, Gavrilov M, Ha T, Schulman R. Catalytic DNA Polymerization Can Be Expedited by Active Product Release**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114581. [PMID: 35302706 PMCID: PMC9325435 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The sequence‐specific hybridization of DNA facilitates its use as a building block for designer nanoscale structures and reaction networks that perform computations. However, the strong binding energy of Watson–Crick base pairing that underlies this specificity also causes the DNA dehybridization rate to depend sensitively on sequence length and temperature. This strong dependency imposes stringent constraints on the design of multi‐step DNA reactions. Here we show how an ATP‐dependent helicase, Rep‐X, can drive specific dehybridization reactions at rates independent of sequence length, removing the constraints of equilibrium on DNA hybridization and dehybridization. To illustrate how this new capacity can speed up designed DNA reaction networks, we show that Rep‐X extends the range of conditions where the primer exchange reaction, which catalytically adds a domain provided by a hairpin template to a DNA substrate, proceeds rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pepijn G. Moerman
- Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA
| | - Momcilo Gavrilov
- Biophysics & Biophysical ChemistryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA
| | - Taekjip Ha
- Biophysics & Biophysical ChemistryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA
- Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteBaltimoreMD 21205USA
| | - Rebecca Schulman
- Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA
- ChemistryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA
- Computer ScienceJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA
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3
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Moerman PG, Gavrilov M, Ha T, Schulman R. Catalytic DNA Polymerization Can Be Expedited by Active Product Release. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pepijn Gerben Moerman
- Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 3400 N Charles Street 21218 Baltimore UNITED STATES
| | - Momcilo Gavrilov
- Johns Hopkins University Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Taekjip Ha
- Johns Hopkins University - Homewood Campus: Johns Hopkins University Biophysics UNITED STATES
| | - Rebecca Schulman
- Johns Hopkins University chemical and biomolecular engineering 3400 N. Charles St, Maryland Hall 221 21218 Baltimore UNITED STATES
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4
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Ang YS, Bando T, Sugiyama H, Yung LYL. Dynamic Stabilization of DNA Assembly by Using Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2912-2915. [PMID: 32458592 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We used N-methylpyrrole (Py)-N-methylimidazole-(Im) polyamide as an exogenous agent to modulate the formation of DNA assemblies at specific double-stranded sequences. The concept was demonstrated on the hybridization chain reaction that forms linear DNA. Through a series of melting curve analyses, we demonstrated that the binding of Py-Im polyamide positively influenced both the HCR initiation and elongation steps. In particular, Py-Im polyamide was found to drastically stabilize the DNA duplex such that its thermal stability approached that of an equivalent hairpin structure. Also, the polyamide served as an anchor between hairpin pairs in the HCR assembly, thus improving the originally weak interstrand stability. We hope that these proof-of-concept results can inspire future use of Py-Im polyamide as a molecular tool to modulate the formation of DNA assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shan Ang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Toshikazu Bando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida-Ushinomiyacho, Sakyo,-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Lin-Yue Lanry Yung
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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Engelen W, Wijnands SPW, Merkx M. Accelerating DNA-Based Computing on a Supramolecular Polymer. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9758-9767. [PMID: 29989400 PMCID: PMC6077772 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Dynamic
DNA-based circuits represent versatile systems to perform
complex computing operations at the molecular level. However, the
majority of DNA circuits relies on freely diffusing reactants, which
slows down their rate of operation substantially. Here we introduce
the use of DNA-functionalized benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) supramolecular
polymers as dynamic scaffolds to template DNA-based molecular computing.
By selectively recruiting DNA circuit components to a supramolecular
BTA polymer functionalized with 10-nucleotide handle strands, the
kinetics of strand displacement and strand exchange reactions were
accelerated 100-fold. In addition, strand exchange reactions were
also favored thermodynamically by bivalent interactions between the
reaction product and the supramolecular polymer. The noncovalent assembly
of the supramolecular polymers enabled straightforward optimization
of the polymer composition to best suit various applications. The
ability of supramolecular BTA polymers to increase the efficiency
of DNA-based computing was demonstrated for three well-known and practically
important DNA-computing operations: multi-input AND gates, Catalytic
Hairpin Assembly and Hybridization Chain Reactions. This work thus
establishes supramolecular BTA polymers as an efficient platform for
DNA-based molecular operations, paving the way for the construction
of autonomous bionanomolecular systems that confine and combine molecular
sensing, computation, and actuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Engelen
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands
| | - Sjors P W Wijnands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands
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6
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Enhancement of RecA-mediated self-assembly in DNA nanostructures through basepair mismatches and single-strand nicks. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41081. [PMID: 28112216 PMCID: PMC5253629 DOI: 10.1038/srep41081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of DNA as a structural material for nanometre-scale construction has grown extensively over the last decades. The development of more advanced DNA-based materials would benefit from a modular approach enabling the direct assembly of additional elements onto nanostructures after fabrication. RecA-based nucleoprotein filaments encapsulating short ssDNA have been demonstrated as a tool for highly efficient and fully programmable post-hoc patterning of duplex DNA scaffold. However, the underlying assembly process is not fully understood, in particular when patterning complex DNA topologies. Here, we report the effect of basepair-mismatched regions and single-strand nicks in the double-stranded DNA scaffold on the yield of RecA-based assembly. Significant increases in assembly yield are observed upon the introduction of unpaired basepairs directly adjacent to the assembly region. However, when the unpaired regions were introduced further from the assembly site the assembly yield initially decreased as the length of the unpaired region was increased. These results suggest that an unpaired region acts as a kinetic trap for RecA-based nucleoprotein filaments, impeding the assembly mechanism. Conversely, when the unpaired region is located directly adjacent to the assembly site, it leads to an increase in efficiency of RecA patterning owing to increased breathing of the assembly site.
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Wei Y, Zhou W, Li X, Chai Y, Yuan R, Xiang Y. Coupling hybridization chain reaction with catalytic hairpin assembly enables non-enzymatic and sensitive fluorescent detection of microRNA cancer biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 77:416-20. [PMID: 26439017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The identification and quantification of sequence-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in early diagnosis of different diseases. In this work, by integrating two independent signal amplification approaches, hybridization chain reaction and catalytic hairpin assembly, we report an enzyme-free and dual amplified approach for highly sensitive detection of a human prostate cancer biomarker, miR-141. The presence of miR-141 triggers the self-assembly of two hairpin DNAs into dsDNA polymers, which co-localize two split segments of ssDNA into proximity. Subsequently, these co-localized ssDNA sequences further act as triggers to initiate catalytic assembly of two fluorescently quenched hairpin DNAs to form numerous dsDNA strands, resulting in the recovery of the fluorescent emissions and remarkably amplified signals for highly sensitive detection of miR-141 down to 0.3 fM. In addition, this method is also selective for the target miRNA against other control sequences. With the advantages of high sensitivity and nanomaterial/enzyme-free detection format, the developed method can be a general sensing platform for the detection of trace amounts of sequence-specific nucleic acid targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wenjiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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