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Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and ionic liquids (ILs) represent promising materials for adsorption separation. ILs incorporated into MOF materials (denoted as IL/MOF composites) have been developed, and IL/MOF composites combine the advantages of MOFs and ILs to achieve enhanced performance in the adsorption-based separation of fluid mixtures. The designed different ILs are introduced into the various MOFs to tailor their functional properties, which affect the optimal adsorptive separation performance. In this Perspective, the rational fabrication of IL/MOF composites is presented, and their functional properties are demonstrated. This paper provides a critical overview of an emergent class of materials termed IL/MOF composites as well as the recent advances in the applications of IL/MOF composites as adsorbents or membranes in fluid separation. Furthermore, the applications of IL/MOF in adsorptive gas separations (CO2 capture from flue gas, natural gas purification, separation of acetylene and ethylene, indoor pollutants removal) and liquid separations (separation of bioactive components, organic-contaminant removal, adsorptive desulfurization, radionuclide removal) are discussed. Finally, the existing challenges of IL/MOF are highlighted, and an appropriate design strategy direction for the effective exploration of new IL/MOF adsorptive materials is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Ruili Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Zhong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
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2
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Łuczak J, Kroczewska M, Baluk M, Sowik J, Mazierski P, Zaleska-Medynska A. Morphology control through the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 314:102864. [PMID: 37001207 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Designable morphology and predictable properties are the most challenging goals in material engineering. Features such as shape, size, porosity, agglomeration ratio significantly affect the final properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and can be regulated throughout synthesis parameters but require a deep understanding of the mechanisms of MOFs formation. Herein, we systematically summarize the effects of the individual synthesis factors, such as pH of reaction mixture, including acidic or basic character of modulators, temperature, solvents types, surfactants type and content and ionic liquids on the morphology of growing MOFs. We identified main mechanisms of MOFs' growth leading to different morphology of final particles and next systematically discuss the effect of miscellaneous parameters on MOFs morphology based on the main mechanisms related to the nucleation, growth and formation of final MOFs structure, including coordination modulation, protonation/deprotonation acting and modulation by surfactants or capping agents. The effect of microwaves and ultrasound employment during synthesis is also considered due to their affecting especially nucleation and particles growing steps during MOFs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Łuczak
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Malwina Kroczewska
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Baluk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Sowik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paweł Mazierski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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Li S, Mao W, Zhang L, Huang H, Xiao Y, Mao L, Tan R, Fu Z, Yu N, Yin D. Ionic liquid-modulated aerobic oxidation of isoeugenol and β-caryophyllene via nanoscale Cu-MOFs under mild conditions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Modifying HKUST-1 Crystals for Selective Ethane Adsorption Using Ionic Liquids as Synthesis Media. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel adsorbents for methane and ethane based on HKUST-1 metal-organic framework were synthesized by microwave (MW) assisted technique using ionic liquids (ILs) as synthesis media. It was found that the MW synthesis time remarkably impacts both the product yield and the physico-chemical characteristics of the produced HKUST-1 material. The crystalline phase purity, crystallite size/dispersion and textural properties of the synthesized HKUST-1 matrices determine their performance in methane and ethane adsorption. Therefore, the HKUST-1 material produced in MW fields for 3 min only shows the highest phase purity and the largest surface area (BET) and porosity, along with a rather small crystallite size (below ~300 nm), demonstrating high methane and ethane adsorption capacity in the pressure range 1–30 atm.
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Zhong M, Kong L, Zhao K, Zhang Y, Li N, Bu X. Recent Progress of Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks in Synthesis and Battery Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2001980. [PMID: 33643787 PMCID: PMC7887588 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As one type of promising inorganic-organic hybrid crystal material, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted widespread attention in many potential fields, particularly in energy storage and conversion. Recently, effective strategies have been developed to construct uniform nanoscale MOFs (NMOFs), which not only retain inherent advantages of MOFs but also develop some improved superiorities, including shorter diffusion pathway for guest transportation and more accessible active sites for surface adsorption and reaction. Additonally, their nanometer size provides more opportunity for post-functionalization and hybridization. In this review, recent progress on the preparation of NMOFs is summarized, primarily through bottom-up strategies including reaction parameter- and coordination-assisted synthesis, and top-down strategies such as liquid exfoliation and salt-template confinement. Additionally, recent applications of NMOFs in batteries as electrodes, separators, and electrolytes is discussed. Finally, some important issues concerning the fabrication and application are emphasized, which should be paid attention in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous MetalsLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule‐Based Material ChemistryNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Lingjun Kong
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule‐Based Material ChemistryNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous MetalsLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Hui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule‐Based Material ChemistryNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule‐Based Material ChemistryNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Xian‐He Bu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule‐Based Material ChemistryNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
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Zeng X, Chen B, Zhou SF, Zhan G. Synthesis of ZIF-8 Nanocrystals Mediated by CO 2 Gas Bubbling: Dissolution and Recrystallization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14306-14317. [PMID: 33206528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Crystal size and morphology of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) can be generally controlled based on the classical theory of nucleation and growth. Herein, we have developed an alternative method to adjust the nucleation and growth kinetics of microporous ZIF-8 nanocrystals mediated by continuous CO2 gas bubbling. In particular, CO2 bubbling led to the dissolution of ZIF-8 slurry, while the evacuation of CO2 bubbling resulted in the formation of new ZIF-8 nanoparticles with a considerably smaller size. A plausible mechanism of the CO2-mediated synthesis of ZIF-8 nanoparticles was proposed based on comprehensive characterizations and analyses, which indicated that the dissolved CO2 in methanol was able to perturb the pre-equilibrium states of crystallization intermediates and led to a comparatively fast nucleation rate due to a low number of overcoordinated species between the metal ion and the ligand. Both methanol and the base were critically important to the dissolution-recrystallization of ZIF-8, wherein the methyl carbonate linker might be reversibly produced by CO2 insertion into the methoxide group (Zn-OCH3). Also, the CO2-mediated synthesis led to the small particle size, high crystallinity, good thermal stability, and high purity of ZIF-8, as compared to the conventional ZIF-8 prepared without CO2 gas bubbling. As proof of workability, the prepared monodispersed ZIF-8 nanoparticles showed a much higher photocatalytic activity toward various organic dyes' decomposition than the conventional ZIF-8. Also, the CO2 bubbling-mediated method could be further extended to prepare other ZIFs (e.g., ZIF-67).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zeng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Guowu Zhan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
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Green synthesis of metal–organic frameworks: A state-of-the-art review of potential environmental and medical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Using Supercritical CO2 in the Preparation of Metal-Organic Frameworks: Investigating Effects on Crystallisation. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we explore the use of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in the synthesis of well-known metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) including Zn-MOF-74 and UiO-66, as well as on the preparation of [Cu24(OH-mBDC)24]n metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) and two new MOF structures {[Zn2(L1)(DPE)]∙4H2O}n and {[Zn3(L1)3(4,4′-azopy)]∙7.5H2O}n, where BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate, BDC = benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate, L1 = 4-carboxy-phenylene-methyleneamino-4-benzoate, DPE = 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene, 4.4′-azopy = 4,4′- azopyridine, and compare the results versus traditional solvothermal preparations at low temperatures (i.e., 40 °C). The objective of the work was to see if the same or different products would result from the scCO2 route versus the solvothermal method. We were interested to see which method produced the highest yield, the cleanest product and what types of morphology resulted. While there was no evidence of additional meso- or macroporosity in these MOFs/MOPs nor any significant improvements in product yields through the addition of scCO2 to these systems, it was shown that the use of scCO2 can have an effect on crystallinity, crystal size and morphology.
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Doan HV, Amer Hamzah H, Karikkethu Prabhakaran P, Petrillo C, Ting VP. Hierarchical Metal-Organic Frameworks with Macroporosity: Synthesis, Achievements, and Challenges. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2019; 11:54. [PMID: 34137991 PMCID: PMC7770918 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of multiple pore size regimes into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to form hierarchical porous structures can lead to improved performance of the material in various applications. In many cases, where interactions with bulky molecules are involved, enlarging the pore size of typically microporous MOF adsorbents or MOF catalysts is crucial for enhancing both mass transfer and molecular accessibility. In this review, we examine the range of synthetic strategies which have been reported thus far to prepare hierarchical MOFs or MOF composites with added macroporosity. These fabrication techniques can be either pre- or post-synthetic and include using hard or soft structural template agents, defect formation, routes involving supercritical CO2, and 3D printing. We also discuss potential applications and some of the challenges involved with current techniques, which must be addressed if any of these approaches are to be taken forward for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan V Doan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK.
- Department of Oil Refining and Petrochemistry, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Harina Amer Hamzah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | | | - Chiara Petrillo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Valeska P Ting
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK.
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10
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Supercritical fluid processing for metal–organic frameworks, porous coordination polymers, and covalent organic frameworks. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zhang B, Xue Y, Jiang A, Xue Z, Li Z, Hao J. Ionic Liquid as Reaction Medium for Synthesis of Hierarchically Structured One-Dimensional MoO 2 for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7217-7223. [PMID: 28186721 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchically structured one-dimensional (1D) MoO2 is synthesized for the first time in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([BMIM][Tf2N]). The synthesis system is very simple (single [BMIM][Tf2N] solvent plus MoO2(acac)2 reactant). [BMIM][Tf2N] itself works as both the reaction medium and the template for the formation of these interesting 1D MoO2 particles with ultrathin nanosheet subunits. The as-synthesized hierarchically 1D MoO2_40 particles exhibit remarkable electrocatalytic activity with good long-term cycle stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media. The HER activity of present synthesized MoO2 is comparable to those of the most active Mo-based electrocatalysts in acid media reported up to now. Therefore, the ionic liquid route provides us with a newly powerful tool for the synthesis of interesting alternative to noble metal catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic production of hydrogen in acidic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yiguo Xue
- Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center of Shandong University , Jinan 250061, China
| | - Anning Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China
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Zhang B, Zhang J, Han B. Assembling Metal-Organic Frameworks in Ionic Liquids and Supercritical CO2. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2610-2619. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingxing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jianling Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
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Kang X, Sun X, Han B. Synthesis of Functional Nanomaterials in Ionic Liquids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:1011-30. [PMID: 26523610 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of ionic liquids (ILs) in material synthesis is a promising field. The unusual properties of ILs provide new opportunities for the design of functional materials, and much excellent work has been reported. Here, the progress in material design and synthesis using ILs, especially nanomaterials, is discussed, including the unitization of ILs as synthetic media, templates, precursors, or components in the synthesis of various categories of nanomaterials. The challenges and opportunities in this interesting and rapid developing area are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Kang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaofu Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Zhang B, Xue Y, Xue Z, Li Z, Hao J. A Green Synthesis of Nanosheet-Constructed Pd Particles in an Ionic Liquid and Their Superior Electrocatalytic Performance. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:3865-70. [PMID: 26463254 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM]Ac) is investigated as a solvent for the synthesis of Pd particles. Interestingly, nanosheet-constructed Pd particles could be successfully synthesized in [EMIM]Ac without any additional reducing agent and template under ionothermal conditions. [EMIM]Ac itself works as the solvent, the reducing agent, and the template for the formation of these interesting Pd particles, making this method complementary to the well-known ionic-liquid-precursor approach. Furthermore, [EMIM]Ac can be recycled with no loss of activity for the formation of nanosheet-constructed Pd particles within our studied cycles. Specifically, the nanosheet-constructed Pd particles exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity and stability towards ethanol oxidation and formic acid oxidation compared with commercially available Pd black catalyst, thus demonstrating their promising applications in fuel-cell area. The current approach, thus, presents a green approach towards the synthesis of Pd particles, using only a simple palladium salt and an ionic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yiguo Xue
- Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center of, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
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Zhang B, Xue Z, Xue Y, Huang Z, Li Z, Hao J. Ionic liquid-assisted synthesis of morphology-controlled TiO2 particles with efficient photocatalytic activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile ionic liquid-assisted route is proposed for the controllable synthesis of anatase TiO2 particles with efficient photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan 250100
- China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Yiguo Xue
- Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center of Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
- China
| | - Zhaodan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan 250100
- China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan 250100
- China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan 250100
- China
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