1
|
Tobe Y, Tahara K, De Feyter S. Chirality in porous self-assembled monolayer networks at liquid/solid interfaces: induction, reversion, recognition and transfer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:962-977. [PMID: 33432944 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chirality in two dimensions (2D) has attracted increasing attention with regard to interesting fundamental aspects as well as potential applications. This article reports several aspects of supramolecular chirality control as exemplified by self-assembled monolayer networks (SAMNs) formed by a class of chiral building blocks consisting of a triangular conjugated core and alkoxy chains on the periphery. It highlights 2D chirality induction phenomena through a classic "sergeants-and-soldiers" mechanism, in which the inducer is incorporated into a network component, as well as through a "supramolecular host-guest" mechanism, in which the inducer is entrapped in the porous space, leading to counterintuitive chirality reversal. Stereochemical control can be extended to three dimensions too, based on interlayer hydrogen bonding of the same class of building blocks bearing hydroxy groups, exhibiting diastereospecific bilayer formation at both single molecule level and supramolecular level arising from orientation between the top and bottom layers. Finally, we showcase that homochiral SAMNs can also be used as templates for the grafting of in situ generated aryl radicals, by covalent bond formation to the basal graphitic surface, thereby yielding topologically chiral functionalized graphite, and thus extending the potential of chiral SAMNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Tobe
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan and The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan and Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kazukuni Tahara
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan and Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nowakowska S, Mazzola F, Alberti MN, Song F, Voigt T, Nowakowski J, Wäckerlin A, Wäckerlin C, Wiss J, Schweizer WB, Broszio M, Polley C, Leandersson M, Fatayer S, Ivas T, Baljozovic M, Mousavi SF, Ahsan A, Nijs T, Popova O, Zhang J, Muntwiler M, Thilgen C, Stöhr M, Pasti IA, Skorodumova NV, Diederich F, Wells J, Jung TA. Adsorbate-Induced Modification of the Confining Barriers in a Quantum Box Array. ACS NANO 2018; 12:768-778. [PMID: 29272579 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantum devices depend on addressable elements, which can be modified separately and in their mutual interaction. Self-assembly at surfaces, for example, formation of a porous (metal-) organic network, provides an ideal way to manufacture arrays of identical quantum boxes, arising in this case from the confinement of the electronic (Shockley) surface state within the pores. We show that the electronic quantum box state as well as the interbox coupling can be modified locally to a varying extent by a selective choice of adsorbates, here C60, interacting with the barrier. In view of the wealth of differently acting adsorbates, this approach allows for engineering quantum states in on-surface network architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Nowakowska
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Federico Mazzola
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget D5-170, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mariza N Alberti
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fei Song
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201204 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tobias Voigt
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Nowakowski
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Aneliia Wäckerlin
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wäckerlin
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Wiss
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - W Bernd Schweizer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Max Broszio
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Craig Polley
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University , P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mats Leandersson
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University , P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Shadi Fatayer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Toni Ivas
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Milos Baljozovic
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S Fatemeh Mousavi
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aisha Ahsan
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Nijs
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olha Popova
- Department of Physics, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jun Zhang
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation - Condensed Matter, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Muntwiler
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation - Condensed Matter, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Thilgen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Meike Stöhr
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Igor A Pasti
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade , Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natalia V Skorodumova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , Brinellvägen 23, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Justin Wells
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget D5-170, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thomas A Jung
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jethwa SJ, Kolsbjerg EL, Vadapoo SR, Cramer JL, Lammich L, Gothelf KV, Hammer B, Linderoth TR. Supramolecular Corrals on Surfaces Resulting from Aromatic Interactions of Nonplanar Triazoles. ACS NANO 2017; 11:8302-8310. [PMID: 28762721 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Interaction forces between aromatic moieties, often referred to as π-π interactions, are an important element in stabilizing complex supramolecular structures. For supramolecular self-assembly occurring on surfaces, where aromatic moieties are typically forced to adsorb coplanar with the surface, the possible role of intermolecular aromatic interactions is much less explored. Here, we report on unusual, ring-shaped supramolecular corral surface structures resulting from adsorption of a molecule with nonplanar structure, allowing for intermolecular aromatic interactions. The discrete corral structures are observed using high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy, and the energetic driving forces for their formation are elucidated using density functional theory calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. The individual corrals involve between 11 and 18 molecules bound through triazole moieties to a ring-shaped ensemble of bridge site positions on (111) surfaces of copper, silver, or gold. The curvature required to form the corrals is identified to result from the angle dependence of aromatic interactions between molecular phenanthrene moieties. The study provides detailed quantitative insights into triazole-surface and aromatic interactions and illustrates how they may be used to drive surface supramolecular self-assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth J Jethwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben L Kolsbjerg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sundar R Vadapoo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jacob L Cramer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lutz Lammich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kurt V Gothelf
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bjørk Hammer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Trolle R Linderoth
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|