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Kathyola T, Chang SY, Willneff EA, Willis CJ, Cibin G, Wilson P, Kroner AB, Shotton EJ, Dowding PJ, Schroeder SL. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy as a Process Analytical Technology: Reaction Studies for the Manufacture of Sulfonate-Stabilized Calcium Carbonate Particles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023; 62:16198-16206. [PMID: 37841415 PMCID: PMC10571072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c02540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Process analytical technologies are widely used to inform process control by identifying relationships between reagents and products. Here, we present a novel process analytical technology system for operando XAS on multiphase multicomponent synthesis processes based on the combination of a conventional lab-scale agitated reactor with a liquid-jet cell. The preparation of sulfonate-stabilized CaCO3 particles from polyphasic Ca(OH)2 dispersions was monitored in real time by Ca K-edge XAS to identify changes in Ca speciation in the bulk solution/dispersion as a function of time and process conditions. Linear combination fitting of the spectra quantitatively resolved composition changes from the initial conversion of Ca(OH)2 to the Ca(R-SO3)2 surfactant to the ultimate formation of nCaCO3·mCa(R- SO3)2 particles. The system provides a novel tool with strong chemical specificity for probing multiphase synthesis processes at a molecular level, providing an avenue to establishing the relationships between critical quality attributes of a process and the quality and performance of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thokozile
A. Kathyola
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Sin-Yuen Chang
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | | | - Colin J. Willis
- Infineum
UK Ltd., Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 6BB, U.K.
| | - Giannantonio Cibin
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Paul Wilson
- Infineum
UK Ltd., Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 6BB, U.K.
| | - Anna B. Kroner
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Elizabeth J. Shotton
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Peter J. Dowding
- Infineum
UK Ltd., Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 6BB, U.K.
| | - Sven L.M. Schroeder
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
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Britto S, Parlett CM, Bartlett S, Elliott JD, Ignatyev K, Schroeder SLM. Intermediates during the Nucleation of Platinum Nanoparticles by a Reaction with Ethylene Glycol: Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies with a Microfluidic Cell. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:8631-8639. [PMID: 37197382 PMCID: PMC10184164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c08749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Using operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy in a continuous-flow microfluidic cell, we have investigated the nucleation of platinum nanoparticles from aqueous hexachloroplatinate solution in the presence of the reducing agent ethylene glycol. By adjusting flow rates in the microfluidic channel, we resolved the temporal evolution of the reaction system in the first few seconds, generating the time profiles for speciation, ligand exchange, and reduction of Pt. Detailed analysis of the X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra with multivariate data analysis shows that at least two reaction intermediates are involved in the transformation of the precursor H2PtCl6 to metallic platinum nanoparticles, including the formation of clusters with Pt-Pt bonding before complete reduction to Pt nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Britto
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Christopher M.
A. Parlett
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source, The University of Manchester
at Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, UK Catalysis Hub, Research
Complex at Harwell, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Stuart Bartlett
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Joshua D. Elliott
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Konstantin Ignatyev
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Sven L. M. Schroeder
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
- Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, ESPRC Future Continuous
Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC) Hub, Research Complex
at Harwell, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
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Coelho SE, Schneider FSS, de Oliveira DC, Tripodi GL, Eberlin MN, Caramori GF, de Souza B, Domingos JB. Mechanism of Palladium(II)-Mediated Uncaging Reactions of Propargylic Substrates. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara E. Coelho
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Trindade, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe S. S. Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Trindade, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela C. de Oliveira
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, LNLS, C.P. 6192, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L. Tripodi
- Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-872, Brazil
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-872, Brazil
| | - Giovanni F. Caramori
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Trindade, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Bernardo de Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Trindade, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Josiel B. Domingos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Trindade, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
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Al-Madhagi LH, Chang SY, Balasubramanian M, Kroner AB, Shotton EJ, Willneff EA, Mishra B, Schroeder SLM. X-ray Raman scattering: a new in situ probe of molecular structure during nucleation and crystallization from liquid solutions. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00929e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) has been used for in situ probing of solute molecule speciation in solution during cooling crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila H. Al-Madhagi
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds LS2 9JT
- UK
- Diamond Light Source Ltd
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bhoopesh Mishra
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds LS2 9JT
- UK
- Department of Physics
| | - Sven L. M. Schroeder
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds LS2 9JT
- UK
- Diamond Light Source Ltd
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Booth SG, Chang SY, Uehara A, La Fontaine C, Cibin G, Schroeder SL, Dryfe RA. In situ XAFS Study of Palladium Electrodeposition at the Liquid/Liquid Interface. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chang SY, Molleta LB, Booth SG, Uehara A, Mosselmans JFW, Ignatyev K, Dryfe RAW, Schroeder SLM. Automated analysis of XANES: A feasibility study of Au reference compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/712/1/012070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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