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Niyas MA, Garain S, Shoyama K, Würthner F. Room-Temperature Near-Infrared Phosphorescence from C 64 Nanographene Tetraimide by π-Stacking Complexation with Platinum Porphyrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202406353. [PMID: 38713529 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Near-Infrared (NIR) phosphorescence at room temperature is challenging to achieve for organic molecules due to negligible spin-orbit coupling and a low energy gap leading to fast non-radiative transitions. Here, we show a supramolecular host-guest strategy to harvest the energy from the low-lying triplet state of C64 nanographene tetraimide 1. 1H NMR and X-ray analysis confirmed the 1 : 2 stoichiometric binding of a Pt(II) porphyrin on the two π-surfaces of 1. While the free 1 does not show emission in the NIR, the host-guest complex solution shows NIR phosphorescence at 77 K. Further, between 860-1100 nm, room temperature NIR phosphorescence (λmax=900 nm, τavg=142 μs) was observed for a solid-state sample drop-casted from a preformed complex in solution. Theoretical calculations reveal a non-zero spin-orbit coupling between isoenergetic S1 and T3 of π-stacked [1 ⋅ Pt(II) porphyrin] complex. External heavy-atom-induced spin-orbit coupling along with rigidification and protection from oxygen in the solid-state promotes both the intersystem crossing from the first excited singlet state into the triplet manifold and the NIR phosphorescence from the lowest triplet state of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Niyas
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Swadhin Garain
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Wu XS, Zhang R, Liu JL. An unusual Pb8 clusters based coordination polymer with room-temperature orange phosphorescence. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tavakoli M, Ahmadvand H, Alaei M, Ranjbari MA. Ab-initio search for efficient red thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules for organic light emitting diodes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 246:118952. [PMID: 33010540 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a computational study on 105 selected organic molecules in order to find suitable candidates for using as thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), in the emission range of red light. Based on time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) computations, three promising candidates were found, predicted to have low singlet-triplet splittings, lower than 0.06 eV, and TADF rates of 0.124, 0.154 and 0.231 1/μs. Then, using an experimental-theory calibration approach, the emission wavelength of the molecules were estimated to be 570, 476, and 623 nm, respectively. For the molecule whose emission wavelength (623 nm) is predicted to be in our desired range, we measured the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum and find out that its emission peak is within the predicted accuracy of the employed method. Moreover, we benchmarked the performance of density functional based tight-binding (DFTB) method for future screening works and find out that, this method is an efficient pre-screening tool, useful in searching for molecules with desired emission wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Tavakoli
- Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Hossein Ahmadvand
- Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Alaei
- Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
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Zhang ZY, Ye DQ, Gao QQ, Shi ZC, Xie M, Zhan SZ, Huang YL, Ning GH, Li D. Guest-boosted phosphorescence efficiency of a supramolecular cage. Inorg Chem Front 2021; 8:2299-2304. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00033k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The quantum yield and emission lifetime of the inclusion complexes can be fine-tuned via the variation of halobenzene guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Dong-Qin Ye
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qi-Qi Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chun Shi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Mo Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Shun-Ze Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Shantou 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Liang Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Shantou University Medical College
- Shantou
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-Hong Ning
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhu C, Bian L, Shi H, Zhang S, Ma H, Huang W. Regioisomerism effect (RIE) on optimizing ultralong organic phosphorescence lifetimes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang XF, Xiao H, Chen PZ, Yang QZ, Chen B, Tung CH, Chen YZ, Wu LZ. Pure Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Excited Dimers in Self-Assembled Nanoparticles under Visible and Near-Infrared Irradiation in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5045-5050. [PMID: 30827093 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pure organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) has unique advantages and various potential applications. However, it is challengeable to achieve organic RTP under visible and near-infrared (NIR)-light excitation, especially in aqueous solution. Herein we assemble difluoroboron β-diketonate compounds to form organic nanoparticles (NPs) in water. The resulting NPs are able to show efficient RTP, effective uptake, and bright imaging of HeLa cells under both visible- and NIR-light excitation. More strikingly, spectroscopic study, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DFT calculation reveal that the efficient RTP in organic NPs is originated from dimers in their excited states. The multiple interactions and intermolecular charge transfer in the dimer structures are of significance in promoting the production of dimer triplet excited states and suppressing the nonradiative decays to boost the RTP under visible- and NIR-light irradiation in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Peng-Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Qing-Zheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Yu-Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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Xie Y, Ge Y, Peng Q, Li C, Li Q, Li Z. How the Molecular Packing Affects the Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Pure Organic Compounds: Ingenious Molecular Design, Detailed Crystal Analysis, and Rational Theoretical Calculations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1606829. [PMID: 28221726 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived phosphorescence at room temperature (RTP) from pure organic molecules is rare. Recent research reveals various crystalline organic molecules can realize RTP with lifetimes extending to the magnitude of second. There is little research on how molecular packing affecting RTP. Three compounds are designed with similar optical properties in solution, but tremendously different solid emission characteristics. By investigating the molecular packing arrangement in single crystals, it is found that the packing style of the compact face to face favors of long phosphorescence lifetime and high photoluminescence efficiency, with the lifetime up to 748 ms observed in the crystal of CPM ((9H-carbazol-9-yl)(phenyl)methanone). Theoretical calculation analysis also reveals this kind of packing style can remarkably reduce the singlet excited energy level and prompt electron communication between dimers. Surprisingly, CPM has two very similar single crystals, labeled as CPM and CPM-A, with almost identical crystal data, and the only difference is that molecules in CPM-A crystal take a little looser packing arrangement. X-ray diffraction and cross-polarization under magic spinning 13 C NMR spectra double confirm that they are different crystals. Interestingly, CPM-A crystal shows negligible RTP compared to the CPM crystal, once again proving that the packing style is critical to the RTP property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuwei Ge
- China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Conggang Li
- China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Xue P, Wang P, Chen P, Yao B, Gong P, Sun J, Zhang Z, Lu R. Bright persistent luminescence from pure organic molecules through a moderate intermolecular heavy atom effect. Chem Sci 2015; 8:6060-6065. [PMID: 28989636 PMCID: PMC5625585 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03739e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A 6-(4-bromophenoxy)hexyl group linked to carbazole gives crystals that exhibit strong white photoluminescence with an efficiency of 72.6%, a ΦP of 39.5%, and a phosphorescence lifetime of 200 ms.
Generally, strong phosphorescence always implies a short luminescence lifetime. So, pure organic molecules with strong persistent phosphorescence at room temperature are rarely explored. Here, a new strategy is used to explore strong persistent phosphorescence of carbazole derivatives through an intermolecular moderate heavy atom effect. Flexible alkyl chains were inserted between the heavy atom and carbazole moieties so as to avoid a strong internal heavy atom affect. The results indicate that the photoluminescence properties of crystals strongly depend on molecular stacking in crystal states. Moreover, seven molecules among eight carbazole derivatives exhibit persistent room-temperature phosphorescence in their crystals and the ΦP values of three compounds exceed 9.5%. Notably, when a 6-(4-bromophenoxy)hexyl group is linked to carbazole, the ambient phosphorescent quantum yield reaches 39.5% and the lifetime is as long as 200 ms. Moreover, it emitted white light with a luminescent efficiency of 72.6% owing to the coexistence of strong fluorescence and phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchong Xue
- State , Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun , P. R. China . ;
| | - Panpan Wang
- State , Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun , P. R. China . ;
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE) , School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Heilongjiang University , No. 74, Xuefu Road, Nangang District , Harbin , P. R. China
| | - Boqi Yao
- State , Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun , P. R. China . ;
| | - Peng Gong
- State , Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun , P. R. China . ;
| | - Jiabao Sun
- State , Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun , P. R. China . ;
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- State , Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun , P. R. China . ;
| | - Ran Lu
- State , Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun , P. R. China . ;
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