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Tang M, Jia X, Chen L, Gu W, Huang C, Wang F, Luo L, Wang H, Wang X, Peng C. Heterogeneous reaction of NO 2 with feldspar, three clay minerals and Arizona Test Dust. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 130:65-74. [PMID: 37032043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous reaction of NO2 with mineral dust aerosol may play important roles in troposphere chemistry, and has been investigated by a number of laboratory studies. However, the influence of mineralogy on this reaction has not been well understood, and its impact on aerosol hygroscopicity is not yet clear. This work investigated heterogeneous reactions of NO2 (∼10 ppmv) with K-feldspar, illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite and Arizona Test Dust (ATD) at room temperature as a function of relative humidity (<1% to 80%) and reaction time (up to 24 hr). Heterogeneous reactivity towards NO2 was low for illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite and ATD, and uptake coefficients of NO2, γ(NO2), were determined to be around or smaller than 1×10-8; K-feldspar exhibited higher reactivity towards NO2, and CaCO3 is most reactive among the nine mineral dust samples considered in this and previous work. After heterogeneous reaction with NO2 for 24 hr, increase in hygroscopicity was nearly insignificant for illite, kaolinite and montmorillonite, and small but significant for K-feldspar; in addition, large increase in hygroscopicity was observed for ATD, although the increase in hygroscopicity was still smaller than CaCO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lanxiadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenjun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chengpeng Huang
- Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Fu Wang
- Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Zhao T, Yao H, Ji X, Yang X, Wu S. Molecular dynamics simulation of water condensation with nucleus under electromagnetic wave irradiation. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 123:108513. [PMID: 37270895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The condensation process of water with different nuclei under electromagnetic wave irradiation was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. It was found that there is a different electric-field effect when the condensation nucleus was a small (NH4)2SO4 cluster than a CaCO3 nucleus. Through the analysis of the hydrogen-bond number, energy change, and dynamic behavior, we found that the effect of external electric field on the condensation process mainly comes from the change of potential energy caused by the dielectric response and there is a competition effect between the dielectric response and the dissolution in the system with (NH4)2SO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Zhao
- Shaanxi Applied Physics and Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Yao
- Shaanxi Applied Physics and Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Xiangfei Ji
- Shaanxi Applied Physics and Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Shiyue Wu
- Institute of Guizhou Aerospace Measuring and Testing Technology, Guiyang, 550009, PR China.
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Abid AR, Reinhardt M, Boudjemia N, Pelimanni E, Milosavljević AR, Saak CM, Huttula M, Björneholm O, Patanen M. The effect of relative humidity on CaCl 2 nanoparticles studied by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2103-2111. [PMID: 35424180 PMCID: PMC8693708 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08943e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca- and Cl-containing nanoparticles are common in atmosphere, originating for example from desert dust and sea water. The properties and effects on atmospheric processes of these aerosol particles depend on the relative humidity (RH) as they are often both hygroscopic and deliquescent. We present here a study of surface structure of free-flying CaCl2 nanoparticles (CaCl2-NPs) in the 100 nm size regime prepared at different humidity levels (RH: 11-85%). We also created mixed nanoparticles by aerosolizing a solution of CaCl2 and phenylalanine (Phe), which is a hydrophobic amino acid present in atmosphere. Information of hydration state of CaCl2-NPs and production of mixed CaCl2 + Phe nanoparticles was obtained using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Ca 2p, Cl 2p, C 1s, and O 1s edges. We also report Ca 2p and Cl 2p X-ray absorption spectra of an aqueous CaCl2 solution. The O 1s X-ray absorption spectra measured from hydrated CaCl2-NPs resemble liquid-like water spectrum, which is heavily influenced by the presence of ions. Core level spectra of Ca2+ and Cl- ions do not show a clear dependence of % RH, indicating that the first coordination shell remains similar in all measured hydrated CaCl2-NPs, but they differ from aqueous solution and solid CaCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahman Abid
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 90570 Oulu Finland +358 46 9691089
- Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Uppsala University Ångströmlaboratoriet 752 37 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Maximilian Reinhardt
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 90570 Oulu Finland +358 46 9691089
| | - Nacer Boudjemia
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 90570 Oulu Finland +358 46 9691089
| | - Eetu Pelimanni
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 90570 Oulu Finland +358 46 9691089
| | | | - Clara-Magdalena Saak
- Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Uppsala University Ångströmlaboratoriet 752 37 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marko Huttula
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 90570 Oulu Finland +358 46 9691089
| | - Olle Björneholm
- Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Uppsala University Ångströmlaboratoriet 752 37 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Minna Patanen
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 90570 Oulu Finland +358 46 9691089
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Rosati B, Paul A, Iversen EM, Massling A, Bilde M. Reconciling atmospheric water uptake by hydrate forming salts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1759-1767. [PMID: 32697206 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium and calcium chloride salts contribute to the global atmospheric aerosol burden via emission of sea spray and mineral dust. Their influence on aerosol hygroscopicity and cloud forming potential is important but uncertain with ambiguities between results reported in the literature. To address this, we have conducted measurements of the hygroscopic growth and critical supersaturation of dried, size selected nano-particles made from aqueous solution droplets of MgCl2 and CaCl2, respectively, and compare experimentally derived values with results from state-of-the-art thermodynamic modelling. It is characteristic of both MgCl2 and CaCl2 salts that they bind water in the form of hydrates under a range of ambient conditions. We discuss how hydrate formation affects the particles' water uptake and provide an expression for hydrate correction factors needed in calculations of hygroscopic growth factors, critical super-saturations, and derived κ values of particles containing hydrate forming salts. We demonstrate the importance of accounting for hydrate forming salts when predicting hygroscopic properties of sea spray aerosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Rosati
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Fang T, Zeng L, Gao D, Verma V, Stefaniak AB, Weber RJ. Ambient Size Distributions and Lung Deposition of Aerosol Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potential: Contrast between Soluble and Insoluble Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:6802-6811. [PMID: 28548846 PMCID: PMC5994611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter may upset redox homeostasis, leading to oxidative stress and adverse health effects. Size distributions of water-insoluble and water-soluble OPDTT (dithiothreitol assay, measure of oxidative potential per air volume) are reported for a roadside site and an urban site. The average water-insoluble fractions were 23% and 51%, and 37% and 39%, for fine and coarse modes at the roadside and urban sites, respectively, measured during different periods. Water-soluble OPDTT was unimodal, peaked near 1-2.5 μm due to contributions from fine-mode organic components plus coarse-mode transition metal ions. In contrast, water-insoluble OPDTT was bimodal, with both fine and coarse modes. The main chemical components that drive both fractions appear to be the same, except that for water-insoluble OPDTT the compounds were absorbed on surfaces of soot and non-tailpipe traffic dust. They were largely externally mixed and deposited in different regions in the respiratory system, transition metal ions predominately in the upper regions and organic species, such as quinones, deeper in the lung. Although OPDTT per mass (toxicity) was highest for ultrafine particles, estimated lung deposition was mainly from accumulation and coarse particles. Contrasts in the phases of these forms of OPDTT deposited in the respiratory system may have differing health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Linghan Zeng
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Dong Gao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Vishal Verma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Aleksandr B. Stefaniak
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Rodney J. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Tan F, Jing B, Tong S, Ge M. The effects of coexisting Na 2SO 4 on heterogeneous uptake of NO 2 on CaCO 3 particles at various RHs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:930-938. [PMID: 28215800 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particles can undergo nucleation, coagulation, chemical-aging, dissolution-precipitation or other atmospheric processes, resulting in complex multicomponent aerosols. The coexisting species have potentially important consequences in the heterogeneous reactions of multicomponent aerosol particles with polluted gases, which are still poorly understood. The effect of coexisting Na2SO4 on heterogeneous uptake of NO2 on CaCO3 particles is investigated in a broad RH range. The combination of DRIFTS, Raman, SEM and IC provides qualitative and quantitative information about the formation of nitrate and other surface species. Ca(NO3)2 and NaNO3 are generated on mixed CaCO3-Na2SO4 particles under dry condition. Both the amount of NO3- formed and the NO3- formation rates for the mixtures can be predicted based on the linear addition of those for pure CaCO3 and Na2SO4 particles under dry condition. The further reaction of Ca(NO3)2 with Na2SO4 could lead to the formation of crystal NaNO3 and CaSO4·0.5H2O at 30% RH. Coagulation between Ca2+ and SO42- in surface adsorbed water is observed after part conversion of CaCO3 to Ca(NO3)2, resulting in the formation of CaSO4·2H2O at 80% RH. The amount of NO3- formed on the mixtures is dramatically enhanced relative to the predictions at 30% and 80% RH. The findings presented here highlight the role of coexisting species in the heterogeneous reactions of trace gases with multicomponent aerosols due to the complexity of atmospheric particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bo Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment (CEUAE), Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China.
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7
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Axson JL, May NW, Colón-Bernal ID, Pratt KA, Ault AP. Lake Spray Aerosol: A Chemical Signature from Individual Ambient Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9835-9845. [PMID: 27548099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol production from wave breaking on freshwater lakes, including the Laurentian Great Lakes, is poorly understood in comparison to sea spray aerosol (SSA). Aerosols from freshwater have the potential to impact regional climate and public health. Herein, lake spray aerosol (LSA) is defined as aerosol generated from freshwater through bubble bursting, analogous to SSA from seawater. A chemical signature for LSA was determined from measurements of ambient particles collected on the southeastern shore of Lake Michigan during an event (July 6-8, 2015) with wave heights up to 3.1 m. For comparison, surface freshwater was collected, and LSA were generated in the laboratory. Single particle microscopy and mass spectrometry analysis of field and laboratory-generated samples show that LSA particles are primarily calcium (carbonate) with lower concentrations of other inorganic ions and organic material. Laboratory number size distributions show ultrafine and accumulation modes at 53 (±1) and 276 (±8) nm, respectively. This study provides the first chemical signature for LSA. LSA composition is shown to be coupled to Great Lakes water chemistry (Ca(2+) > Mg(2+) > Na(+) > K(+)) and distinct from SSA. Understanding LSA physicochemical properties will improve assessment of LSA impacts on regional air quality, climate, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Axson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nathaniel W May
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Isabel D Colón-Bernal
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kerri A Pratt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Andrew P Ault
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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8
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Tang M, Larish WA, Fang Y, Gankanda A, Grassian VH. Heterogeneous Reactions of Acetic Acid with Oxide Surfaces: Effects of Mineralogy and Relative Humidity. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5609-16. [PMID: 27322707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the heterogeneous uptake of gaseous acetic acid on different oxides including γ-Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO under a range of relative humidity conditions. Under dry conditions, the uptake of acetic acid leads to the formation of both acetate and molecularly adsorbed acetic acid on γ-Al2O3 and CaO and only molecularly adsorbed acetic acid on SiO2. More importantly, under the conditions of this study, dimers are the major form for molecularly adsorbed acetic acid on all three particle surfaces investigated, even at low acetic acid pressures under which monomers are the dominant species in the gas phase. We have also determined saturation surface coverages for acetic acid adsorption on these three oxides under dry conditions as well as Langmuir adsorption constants in some cases. Kinetic analysis shows that the reaction rate of acetic acid increases by a factor of 3-5 for γ-Al2O3 when relative humidity increases from 0% to 15%, whereas for SiO2 particles, acetic acid and water are found to compete for surface adsorption sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Whitney A Larish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.,Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Aruni Gankanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Departments of Nanoengineering and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Fang Y, Tang M, Grassian VH. Competition between Displacement and Dissociation of a Strong Acid Compared to a Weak Acid Adsorbed on Silica Particle Surfaces: The Role of Adsorbed Water. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:4016-24. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mingjin Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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10
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Tang M, Cziczo DJ, Grassian VH. Interactions of Water with Mineral Dust Aerosol: Water Adsorption, Hygroscopicity, Cloud Condensation, and Ice Nucleation. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4205-59. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Daniel J. Cziczo
- Department
of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Nanoengineering and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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