1
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Lin CY, Chiu CW. Multimode Friedel oscillations in monolayer and bilayer graphene. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13792. [PMID: 38877027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study systematically explores the influence of charged impurities on static screening in monolayer graphene and extends the investigation to AA-stacked and AB-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG). Applying the random phase approximation (RPA), monolayer graphene displays unique beating Friedel oscillations (FOs) in inter-valley and intra-valley channels. Shifting to BLG, the study emphasizes layer-specific responses on each layer by considering self-consistent field interactions between layers. It also explores the derived multimode FOs, elucidating distinctions from monolayer behavior. In AA-stacked BLG, distinct metallic screening behaviors are revealed, uncovering unique oscillatory patterns in induced charge density, providing insights into static Coulomb scattering effects between two Dirac cones. The exploration extends to AB-stacked BLG, unveiling layer-specific responses of parabolic bands in multimode FOs with increasing Fermi energy. This comprehensive investigation, integrating RPA considerations, significantly advances our understanding of layer-dependent static screening in the broader context of FOs in graphene, providing valuable contributions to the field of condensed matter physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiun-Yan Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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2
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Liu HY, Wu JY. Tunable Electronic Properties of Two-Dimensional GaSe 1-xTe x Alloys. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:818. [PMID: 36903697 PMCID: PMC10005243 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we performed a theoretical study on the electronic properties of monolayer GaSe1-xTex alloys using the first-principles calculations. The substitution of Se by Te results in the modification of a geometric structure, charge redistribution, and bandgap variation. These remarkable effects originate from the complex orbital hybridizations. We demonstrate that the energy bands, the spatial charge density, and the projected density of states (PDOS) of this alloy are strongly dependent on the substituted Te concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Liu
- Department of Physics/QTC/Hi-GEM, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center of General Studies, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
- Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
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3
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Li WB, Lin SY, Lin MF, Khuong Dien V, Lin KI. Fundamental features of AlCl 4 --/AlCl 4-graphite intercalation compounds of aluminum-ion-based battery cathodes. RSC Adv 2022; 13:281-291. [PMID: 36605661 PMCID: PMC9782379 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to now, many guest atoms/molecules/ions have been successfully synthesized into graphite to form various compounds. For example, alkali-atom graphite intercalation compounds are verified to reveal stage-n structures, including LiC6n and LiM8n [M = K, Rb, and Cs; n = 1, 2, 3; 4]. On the other side, AlCl4 --ion/AlCl4-molecule compounds are found to show stage-4 and stage-3 structures at room and lower temperatures, respectively. Stage-1 and stage-2 configurations, with the higher intercalant concentrations, cannot be synthesized in experimental laboratories. This might arise from the fact that it is quite difficult to build periodical arrangements along the longitudinal z and transverse directions simultaneously for large ions or molecules. Our work is mainly focused on stage-1 and stage-2 systems in terms of geometric and electronic properties. The critical features, being associated with the atom-dominated energy spectra and wave functions within the specific energy ranges, the active multi-orbital hybridization in distinct chemical bonds, and atom- & orbital-decomposed van Hove singularities, will be thoroughly clarified by the delicate simulations and analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bang Li
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Shih-Yang Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan,Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Vo Khuong Dien
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Kuang-I. Lin
- Core Facility Center, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
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4
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Liu HY, Wu JY. Feature-Rich Electronic Properties of Sliding Bilayer Germanene. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42304-42312. [PMID: 36440158 PMCID: PMC9686190 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study employs first-principles calculations to elucidate the properties of sliding bilayer germanene (BLGe). The buckled structure of germanene can afford a greater number of metastable stacking configurations than planar graphene and enrich the electronic properties. Herein, a detailed analysis of the structural variety, shift-dependent energy bands, and spatial charge densities of BLGe is presented. The projected density of states (PDOS) reveals diverse structures such as plateaus, dips, symmetric/asymmetric peaks, and shoulders. The low-lying ones of the prominent structures could correspond to single or multiorbital hybridization, depending on the stacking configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Liu
- Department
of Physics/QTC/Hi-GEM, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan 70148, Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center
of General Studies, National Kaohsiung University
of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan
- Department
of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan
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5
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Sengupta J, Hussain CM. Graphene-Induced Performance Enhancement of Batteries, Touch Screens, Transparent Memory, and Integrated Circuits: A Critical Review on a Decade of Developments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3146. [PMID: 36144934 PMCID: PMC9503183 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene achieved a peerless level among nanomaterials in terms of its application in electronic devices, owing to its fascinating and novel properties. Its large surface area and high electrical conductivity combine to create high-power batteries. In addition, because of its high optical transmittance, low sheet resistance, and the possibility of transferring it onto plastic substrates, graphene is also employed as a replacement for indium tin oxide (ITO) in making electrodes for touch screens. Moreover, it was observed that graphene enhances the performance of transparent flexible electronic modules due to its higher mobility, minimal light absorbance, and superior mechanical properties. Graphene is even considered a potential substitute for the post-Si electronics era, where a high-performance graphene-based field-effect transistor (GFET) can be fabricated to detect the lethal SARS-CoV-2. Hence, graphene incorporation in electronic devices can facilitate immense device structure/performance advancements. In the light of the aforementioned facts, this review critically debates graphene as a prime candidate for the fabrication and performance enhancement of electronic devices, and its future applicability in various potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip Sengupta
- Department of Electronic Science, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College, Kolkata 700033, India
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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6
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Lin SY, Chang SL, Chiang CR, Li WB, Liu HY, Lin MF. Feature-Rich Geometric and Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanoscrolls. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061372. [PMID: 34067250 PMCID: PMC8224739 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
How to form carbon nanoscrolls with non-uniform curvatures is worthy of a detailed investigation. The first-principles method is suitable for studying the combined effects due to the finite-size confinement, the edge-dependent interactions, the interlayer atomic interactions, the mechanical strains, and the magnetic configurations. The complex mechanisms can induce unusual essential properties, e.g., the optimal structures, magnetism, band gaps and energy dispersions. To reach a stable spiral profile, the requirements on the critical nanoribbon width and overlapping length will be thoroughly explored by evaluating the width-dependent scrolling energies. A comparison of formation energy between armchair and zigzag nanoscrolls is useful in understanding the experimental characterizations. The spin-up and spin-down distributions near the zigzag edges are examined for their magnetic environments. This accounts for the conservation or destruction of spin degeneracy. The various curved surfaces on a relaxed nanoscroll will create complicated multi-orbital hybridizations so that the low-lying energy dispersions and energy gaps are expected to be very sensitive to ribbon width, especially for those of armchair systems. Finally, the planar, curved, folded, and scrolled graphene nanoribbons are compared with one another to illustrate the geometry-induced diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yang Lin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Lin Chang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-L.C.); (M.-F.L.)
| | - Cheng-Ru Chiang
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (C.-R.C.); (W.-B.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Wei-Bang Li
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (C.-R.C.); (W.-B.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Hsin-Yi Liu
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (C.-R.C.); (W.-B.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (C.-R.C.); (W.-B.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.-L.C.); (M.-F.L.)
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7
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Liu HY, Lin SY, Wu JY. Stacking-configuration-enriched essential properties of bilayer graphenes and silicenes. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:154707. [PMID: 33092355 DOI: 10.1063/5.0024421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
First-principles calculations show that the geometric and electronic properties of silicene-related systems have diversified phenomena. Critical factors of group-IV monoelements, like buckled/planar structures, stacking configurations, layer numbers, and van der Waals interactions of bilayer composites, are considered simultaneously. The theoretical framework developed provides a concise physical and chemical picture. Delicate evaluations and analyses have been made on the optimal lattices, energy bands, and orbital-projected van Hove singularities. They provide decisive mechanisms, such as buckled/planar honeycomb lattices, multi-/single-orbital hybridizations, and significant/negligible spin-orbital couplings. We investigate the stacking-configuration-induced dramatic transformations of essential properties by relative shift in bilayer graphenes and silicenes. The lattice constant, interlayer distance, buckling height, and total energy essentially depend on the magnitude and direction of the relative shift: AA → AB → AA' → AA. Apparently, sliding bilayer systems are quite different between silicene and graphene in terms of geometric structures, electronic properties, orbital hybridizations, interlayer hopping integrals, and spin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Liu
- Department of Physics/QTC/Hi-GEM, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yang Lin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center of General Studies, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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8
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Wu JY, Su WP, Gumbs G. Anomalous magneto-transport properties of bilayer phosphorene. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7674. [PMID: 32376885 PMCID: PMC7203127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The magneto-transport properties of phosphorene are investigated by employing the generalized tight-binding model to calculate the energy bands. For bilayer phosphorene, a composite magnetic and electric field is shown to induce a feature-rich Landau level (LL) spectrum which includes two subgroups of low-lying LLs. The two subgroups possess distinct features in level spacings, quantum numbers, as well as field dependencies. These together lead to anomalous quantum Hall (QH) conductivities which include a well-shape, staircase and composite quantum structures with steps having varying heights and widths. The Fermi energy-magnetic field-Hall conductivity (EF-Bz-σxy) and Fermi energy-electric field-Hall conductivity (EF-Ez-σxy) phase diagrams clearly exhibit oscillatory behaviors and cross-over from integer to half-integer QH effect. The predicted results should be verifiable by magneto-transport measurements in a dual-gated system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center of General Studies, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Pei Su
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Godfrey Gumbs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College at the City University of New York, New York, 10065, USA
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9
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Komeily-Nia Z, Chen JY, Nasri-Nasrabadi B, Lei WW, Yuan B, Zhang J, Qu LT, Gupta A, Li JL. The key structural features governing the free radicals and catalytic activity of graphite/graphene oxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3112-3121. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05488j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Progressive oxidation modulates the radical content of graphite/graphene oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing-Yu Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials
- Deakin University
- Geelong
- Australia
| | | | - Wei-Wei Lei
- Institute for Frontier Materials
- Deakin University
- Geelong
- Australia
| | - Bing Yuan
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Liang-Ti Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Akhil Gupta
- Institute for Frontier Materials
- Deakin University
- Geelong
- Australia
- School of Science
| | - Jing-Liang Li
- Institute for Frontier Materials
- Deakin University
- Geelong
- Australia
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10
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Chung HC, Chiu CW, Lin MF. Spin-polarized magneto-electronic properties in buckled monolayer GaAs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2332. [PMID: 30787328 PMCID: PMC6382800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We develop the generalized tight-binding model to fully explore the magneto-electronic properties of monolayer GaAs, where the buckled structure, multi-orbital chemical bondings, spin-orbit coupling, electric field, and magnetic field are considered simultaneously. The diverse magnetic quantization covers three groups of spin-polarized Landau levels (LLs) near the Fermi level, with the unique initial energies, LL degeneracy, energy spacings, magnetic-field-dependence, and spin splitting. Furthermore, the Landau state probabilities exhibit specific oscillation patterns, being composed of the localization centers, node regularities, and energy-dependent variations of the dominating orbitals. The density of states directly reflects the main features of the LL energy spectra in the form, height, number, and frequency of the spin-split delta-function-like prominent peaks. The electric field leads to the monotonous/nonmonotonous LL energy dispersions, LL crossing behavior, gap modulation, phase transition and enhancement of spin splitting. The complex gap modulations and even semiconductor-semimetal transitions are attributed to the strong competition among the intrinsic interactions, magnetic field, and electric field. Such predicted magneto-electronic properties could be verified by scanning tunneling spectroscopy and are helpful in designing the top-gated and phase-change electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Ching Chung
- Department of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, 824, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, 824, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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11
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Chen RB, Jang DJ, Lin MC, Lin MF. Optical properties of monolayer bismuthene in electric fields. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:6089-6092. [PMID: 30548012 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.006089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Optical excitations of monolayer bismuthene present very rich and unique absorption spectra. The optical energy gap corresponding to the threshold frequency is not equal to an indirect energy gap, and it becomes zero under the critical electric field. The frequency, number, intensity, and form of the absorption structures are dramatically changed when an external electric field is applied. The prominent peaks and the observable shoulders, respectively, arise from the constant-energy loop and the band-edge states of parabolic dispersions. These directly reflect the unusual electronic properties, being very different from those in monolayer graphene. The novel optical properties of bismuthine that are easily manipulated by electric fields may find a lot of various applications in optoelectronics, either combined with or complementary to those graphene-based systems.
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12
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Wu JY, Chen SC, Do TN, Su WP, Gumbs G, Lin MF. The diverse magneto-optical selection rules in bilayer black phosphorus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13303. [PMID: 30185872 PMCID: PMC6125359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31358-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The magneto-optical properties of bilayer phosphorene is investigated by the generalized tight-binding model and the gradient approximation. The vertical inter-Landau-level transitions, being sensitive to the polarization directions, are mainly determined by the spatial symmetries of sub-envelope functions on the distinct sublattices. The anisotropic excitations strongly depend on the electric and magnetic fields. A uniform perpendicular electric field could greatly diversify the selection rule, frequency, intensity, number and form of symmetric absorption peaks. Specifically, the unusual magneto-optical properties appear beyond the critical field as a result of two subgroups of Landau levels with the main and side modes. The rich and unique magnetoabsorption spectra arise from the very close relations among the geometric structures, multiple intralayer and interlayer hopping integrals and composite external fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center of General Studies, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan.
| | - Szu-Chao Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Nga Do
- Department of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Pei Su
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Godfrey Gumbs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College at the City University of New York, New York, 10065, USA.
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo de Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastían Donostia, Spain.
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials/quantum topology centers, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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13
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Nguyen DK, Lin YT, Lin SY, Chiu YH, Tran NTT, Fa-Lin M. Fluorination-enriched electronic and magnetic properties in graphene nanoribbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:20667-20676. [PMID: 28737783 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03893c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The feature-rich electronic and magnetic properties of fluorine-doped graphene nanoribbons are investigated by the first-principles calculations. They arise from the cooperative or competitive relations among the significant chemical bonds, finite-size quantum confinement and edge structure. There exist C-C, C-F, and F-F bonds with multi-orbital hybridizations. Fluorine adatoms can create p-type metals or concentration- and distribution-dependent semiconductors, depending on whether the π bonding is seriously suppressed by the top-site chemical bonding. Furthermore, five kinds of spin-dependent electronic and magnetic properties cover the non-magnetic and ferromagnetic metals, non-magnetic semiconductors, and anti-ferromagnetic semiconductors with/without spin splitting. The diverse essential properties are clearly revealed in the spatial charge distribution, spin density, and orbital-projected density of states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, 701 Tainan, Taiwan.
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14
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Chen RB, Chen SC, Chiu CW, Lin MF. Optical properties of monolayer tinene in electric fields. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1849. [PMID: 28500317 PMCID: PMC5431958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The absorption spectra of monolayer tinene in perpendicular electric fields are studied by the tight-binding model. There are three kinds of special structures, namely shoulders, logarithmical symmetric peaks and asymmetric peaks in the square-root form, corresponding to the optical excitations of the extreme points, saddle points and constant-energy loops. With the increasing field strength, two splitting shoulder structures, which are dominated by the parabolic bands of 5p z orbitals, come to exist because of the spin-split energy bands. The frequency of threshold shoulder declines to zero and then linearly grows. The third shoulder at 0.75~0.85 eV mainly comes from (5p x , 5p y ) orbitals. The former and the latter orbitals, respectively, create the saddle-point symmetric peaks near the M point, while they hybridize with one another to generate the loop-related asymmetric peaks. Tinene quite differs from graphene, silicene, and germanene. The special relationship among the multi-orbital chemical bondings, spin-orbital couplings and Coulomb potentials accounts for the feature-rich optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Bin Chen
- Center of General Studies, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan.
| | - Szu-Chao Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, 824, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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15
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Shih PH, Chiu YH, Wu JY, Shyu FL, Lin MF. Coulomb excitations of monolayer germanene. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40600. [PMID: 28091555 PMCID: PMC5238379 DOI: 10.1038/srep40600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The feature-rich electronic excitations of monolayer germanene lie in the significant spin-orbit coupling and the buckled structure. The collective and single-particle excitations are diversified by the magnitude and direction of transferred momentum, the Fermi energy and the gate voltage. There are four kinds of plasmon modes, according to the unique frequency- and momentum-dependent phase diagrams. They behave as two-dimensional acoustic modes at long wavelength. However, for the larger momenta, they might change into another kind of undamped plasmons, become the seriously suppressed modes in the heavy intraband e-h excitations, keep the same undamped plasmons, or decline and then vanish in the strong interband e-h excitations. Germanene, silicene and graphene are quite different from one another in the main features of the diverse plasmon modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsin Shih
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Huang Chiu
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center for General Education, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Lin Shyu
- Department of Physics, Republic of China Military Academy, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
- National Center for Theoretical Sciences (south), Taiwan
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16
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Do TN, Chang CP, Shih PH, Wu JY, Lin MF. Stacking-enriched magneto-transport properties of few-layer graphenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29525-29533. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05614a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The quantum Hall effects in sliding bilayer graphene and a AAB-stacked trilayer system are investigated using the Kubo formula and the generalized tight-binding model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Nga Do
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan
- Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Peng Chang
- Center for General Education, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan
- Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsin Shih
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan
- Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center of General Studies, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung
- Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan
- Taiwan
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17
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Chung HC, Chang CP, Lin CY, Lin MF. Electronic and optical properties of graphene nanoribbons in external fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7573-616. [PMID: 26744847 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06533j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A review work is done for the electronic and optical properties of graphene nanoribbons in magnetic, electric, composite, and modulated fields. Effects due to the lateral confinement, curvature, stacking, non-uniform subsystems and hybrid structures are taken into account. The special electronic properties, induced by complex competitions between external fields and geometric structures, include many one-dimensional parabolic subbands, standing waves, peculiar edge-localized states, width- and field-dependent energy gaps, magnetic-quantized quasi-Landau levels, curvature-induced oscillating Landau subbands, crossings and anti-crossings of quasi-Landau levels, coexistence and combination of energy spectra in layered structures, and various peak structures in the density of states. There exist diverse absorption spectra and different selection rules, covering edge-dependent selection rules, magneto-optical selection rule, splitting of the Landau absorption peaks, intragroup and intergroup Landau transitions, as well as coexistence of monolayer-like and bilayer-like Landau absorption spectra. Detailed comparisons are made between the theoretical calculations and experimental measurements. The predicted results, the parabolic subbands, edge-localized states, gap opening and modulation, and spatial distribution of Landau subbands, have been identified by various experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Ching Chung
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology (CMNST), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Peng Chang
- Center for General Education, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Yan Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
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Lin SY, Chang SL, Chen HH, Su SH, Huang JC, Lin MF. Substrate-induced structures of bismuth adsorption on graphene: a first principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:18978-84. [PMID: 27354143 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03406c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The geometric and electronic properties of Bi-adsorbed monolayer graphene, enriched by the strong effect of a substrate, are investigated by first-principles calculations. The six-layered substrate, corrugated buffer layer, and slightly deformed monolayer graphene are all simulated. Adatom arrangements are thoroughly studied by analyzing the ground-state energies, bismuth adsorption energies, and Bi-Bi interaction energies of different adatom heights, inter-adatom distance, adsorption sites, and hexagonal positions. A hexagonal array of Bi atoms is dominated by the interactions between the buffer layer and the monolayer graphene. An increase in temperature can overcome a ∼50 meV energy barrier and induce triangular and rectangular nanoclusters. The most stable and metastable structures agree with the scanning tunneling microscopy measurements. The density of states exhibits a finite value at the Fermi level, a dip at ∼-0.2 eV, and a peak at ∼-0.6 eV, as observed in the experimental measurements of the tunneling conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yang Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, 701 Tainan, Taiwan.
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Do TN, Shih PH, Chang CP, Lin CY, Lin MF. Rich magneto-absorption spectra of AAB-stacked trilayer graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:17597-605. [PMID: 27305856 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02275h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A generalized tight-binding model is developed to investigate the feature-rich magneto-optical properties of AAB-stacked trilayer graphene. Three intragroup and six intergroup inter-Landau-level (inter-LL) optical excitations largely enrich magneto-absorption peaks. In general, the former are much higher than the latter, depending on the phases and amplitudes of LL wavefunctions. The absorption spectra exhibit single- or twin-peak structures which are determined by quantum modes, LL energy spectra and Fermion distribution. The splitting LLs, with different localization centers (2/6 and 4/6 positions in a unit cell), can generate very distinct absorption spectra. There exist extra single peaks because of LL anti-crossings. AAB, AAA, ABA, and ABC stackings considerably differ from one another in terms of the inter-LL category, frequency, intensity, and structure of absorption peaks. The main characteristics of LL wavefunctions and energy spectra and the Fermi-Dirac function are responsible for the configuration-enriched magneto-optical spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Nga Do
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hsin Shih
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Peng Chang
- Center for General Education, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Yan Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Xiong Z, Wang X, Wu W, Wang X, Peng L, Zhao Y, Yan D, Jiang T, Shen C, Zhan Z, Cao L, Li W. Photoelectron transport tuning of self-assembled subbands. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:4628-4634. [PMID: 26853784 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07861j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventionally, electrical transport of quantum subbands occurs at very high electric fields, indicating that the medium is easy to break down. In the experiments and practical applications, the extreme condition is difficult to satisfy. For quantum information transmission, low power consumption and convenient implementation are what we expect. In this paper, we engineered a special quantum dot array (QDA) embedded in a single crystal matrix. By external optical field excitation, we found a series of subbands made of the self-assembled QDA discretely located in the matrix. Changing the spacing between the quantum dots leads to the variation of subband spacing. Artificially manipulating the microcosmic QDA system can bring interesting macroscopic effects, such as an enhanced absorption intensity in the ultraviolet range, a blue-shift of the surface plasmon resonance peak and nonlinear absorption changed from two-photon absorption to saturated absorption. The intrinsic mechanism of the subband optical response was revealed due to the strong quantum confinement effect and dominant intraband transitions. The weak surface plasmon resonance absorption of Ni QDA gave an excellent figure of merit of the order of 10(-10). The composite films are expectation enough to become a prime candidate for nonlinear applications near 532 nm. Therefore with interplay of the weak optical field and subbands, we achieved a tunable photoelectron transport process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Xiong
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xinmin Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Weidong Wu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Liping Peng
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Dawei Yan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Changle Shen
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Linhong Cao
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 919-987-7, Mianyang 621900, China.
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Thuy Tran NT, Lin SY, Glukhova OE, Lin MF. π-Bonding-dominated energy gaps in graphene oxide. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00662k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical bonding in graphene oxide with oxygen concentrations from 50% to 1% is investigated using first-principle calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shih-Yang Lin
- Department of Physics
- National Cheng Kung University
- 701 Tainan
- Taiwan
| | - Olga E. Glukhova
- Department of Physics
- Saratov State University
- Saratov 410012
- Russia
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics
- National Cheng Kung University
- 701 Tainan
- Taiwan
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