1
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Liu B, Yan X, Zhao Z, Wang J, Feng J. Distinctly different solvation behaviors of poly( N, N-diethylacrylamide) gels in water/acetone and water/DMSO mixtures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23893-23902. [PMID: 36165400 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02144g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The solvation behaviors and intermolecular interactions of a poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEA) gel network in water/DMSO and water/acetone mixtures have been investigated by variable-temperature high-resolution 1H MAS NMR. Unlike decreasing volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of the typical thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) gel induced by both acetone and DMSO in a water-rich region, distinct phase transition behaviors are revealed for the PDEA gel. That is, acetone is found to increase the VPTT of PDEA directly in the water-rich region while DMSO is also found to increase the VPTT of PDEA at a very low concentration but then decrease the VPTT as the concentration further increases. The above distinctly different VPTT shifts of PDEA are attributed to the different polymer-cosolvent interactions in water/acetone and water/DMSO systems. DMSO molecules with a strong water affinity are preferentially excluded by the PDEA gel network, and can promote the volume phase transition by favoring the collapse of the PDEA gel network, while acetone molecules preferentially adsorbed on the polymer interact with PDEA via non-specific van der Waals interaction, which favors the swollen state of the PDEA gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaolan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xiaoshuang Yan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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2
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Pica A, Graziano G. A Rationalization of the Effect That TMAO, Glycine, and Betaine Exert on the Collapse of Elastin-like Polypeptides. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020140. [PMID: 35207427 PMCID: PMC8876568 DOI: 10.3390/life12020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are soluble in water at low temperature, but, on increasing the temperature, they undergo a reversible and cooperative, coil-to-globule collapse transition. It has been shown that the addition to water of either trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), glycine, or betaine causes a significant decrease of T(collapse) in the case of a specific ELP. Traditional rationalizations of these phenomena do not work in the present case. We show that an alternative approach, grounded in the magnitude of the solvent-excluded volume effect and its temperature dependence (strictly linked to the translational entropy of solvent and co-solute molecules), is able to rationalize the occurrence of ELP collapse in water on raising the temperature, as well as the T(collapse) lowering caused by the addition to water of either TMAO, glycine, or betaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pica
- ALPX, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Giuseppe Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
- Correspondence:
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3
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Heying M, Lam K, Richardson AD, Canepa J, Wilkinson SP. Cavity-based free energy analysis of osmolyte effects on protein denaturation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5394-5403. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04460e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental measurements of the thermal effects of the same osmolytes on two different globular proteins, C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), have shown that quantifying the change...
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Mukherjee M, Mondal J. Unifying the Contrasting Mechanisms of Protein-Stabilizing Osmolytes. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:6565-6574. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Mukherjee
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Hyderabad 500046, India
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5
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Pica A, Graziano G. Effect of sodium thiocyanate and sodium perchlorate on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) collapse. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 22:189-195. [PMID: 31799525 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The T(collapse) of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM, shows a nonlinear dependence on the concentration of NaSCN or NaClO4; in the case of NaClO4, for example, at very low concentrations of the salt, T(collapse) increases with the concentration, while it has an opposite trend at higher NaClO4 concentrations [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 14505]. These puzzling experimental data can be rationalized by considering that low charge density and poorly hydrated ions, such as thiocyanate and perchlorate, interact preferentially with the surface of the polymer, and cause an increase of the magnitude of the energetic term that stabilizes swollen conformations at low salt concentrations. However, as both swollen and collapsed PNIPAM conformations are accessible to such ions in view of their large conformational freedom, the difference in the number of ions bound to PNIPAM surface upon collapse changes little on increasing the salt concentration. Thus, the energetic term that favors swollen conformations increases with salt concentration to a lesser extent than the solvent-excluded volume term (linked to the density increase caused by salt addition to water), that favors collapsed conformations, leading to a nonlinear trend of T(collapse).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pica
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble Outstation, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
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6
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Mukherjee M, Mondal J. Osmolyte-Induced Macromolecular Aggregation Is Length-Scale Dependent. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:8697-8703. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Mukherjee
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 36/P Gopanpally, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 36/P Gopanpally, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad 500107, India
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7
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Pica A, Graziano G. Why does urea have a different effect on the collapse temperature of PDEAM and PNIPAM? J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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8
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Mukherjee M, Mondal J. Osmolyte-Induced Collapse of a Charged Macromolecule. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:4636-4644. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Mukherjee
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad 500107, India
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9
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Pérez-Ramírez HA, Haro-Pérez C, Vázquez-Contreras E, Klapp J, Bautista-Carbajal G, Odriozola G. P-NIPAM in water–acetone mixtures: experiments and simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5106-5116. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07549b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (p-NIPAM) diminishes when a small volume of acetone is added to the aqueous polymer solution, and then increases for further additions, producing a minimum at a certain acetone concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Pérez-Ramírez
- Área de Física de Procesos Irreversibles
- División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco
- Av. San Pablo 180
- 02200 Ciudad de México
| | - C. Haro-Pérez
- Área de Física de Procesos Irreversibles
- División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco
- Av. San Pablo 180
- 02200 Ciudad de México
| | - E. Vázquez-Contreras
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales
- CNI
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana – Cuajimalpa
- Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871
- 05348 Ciudad de México
| | - J. Klapp
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares
- ININ
- Km. 36.5, Carretera México – Toluca
- 52750 Ocoyoacac
- Mexico
| | - G. Bautista-Carbajal
- Academia de Matemáticas
- Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México
- 07160 Ciudad de México
- Mexico
| | - G. Odriozola
- Área de Física de Procesos Irreversibles
- División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco
- Av. San Pablo 180
- 02200 Ciudad de México
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10
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Mukherjee M, Mondal J. Heterogeneous Impacts of Protein-Stabilizing Osmolytes on Hydrophobic Interaction. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6922-6930. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b04654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Mukherjee
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500107, India
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11
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Vigorita M, Cozzolino S, Oliva R, Graziano G, Del Vecchio P. Counteraction ability of TMAO toward different denaturing agents. Biopolymers 2018; 109:e23104. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.23104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marilisa Vigorita
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie; Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11; Benevento 82100 Italy
| | - Serena Cozzolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia; Napoli 80126 Italy
| | - Rosario Oliva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia; Napoli 80126 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie; Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11; Benevento 82100 Italy
| | - Pompea Del Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia; Napoli 80126 Italy
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12
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Graziano G. Comment on “Thermal compaction of the intrinsically disordered protein tau: entropic, structural, and hydrophobic factors” by A. Battisti, G. Ciasca, A. Grottesi and A. Tenenbaum, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 8435. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:690-693. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04546h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chain compaction is favoured on raising the temperature because the entropy gain of water molecules due to the decrease in solvent-excluded volume increases with temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie
- Università del Sannio
- 82100 Benevento
- Italy
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13
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Zhang C, Yang M, Zhao K. Insight into the effect mechanism of urea-induced protein denaturation by dielectric spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:32007-32015. [PMID: 29177311 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy was applied to study how urea affects the phase transition of a thermosensitive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), which has been widely used as a protein model. It was found that there is a pronounced relaxation near 10 GHz for the ternary system of PNIPAM in urea aqueous solution. The temperature dependence of dielectric parameters indicates that urea can reduce the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM, i.e., stabilize the globule state of PNIPAM and collapse the PNIPAM chains. Based on our results, the interaction mechanism of urea on the conformational transition of PNIPAM was presented: urea replaces water molecules directly bonding with PNIPAM and acts as the bridging agent for the adjacent side chains of PNIPAM. Accordingly, the mechanism with which urea denatures protein was deduced. In addition, it is worth mentioning that, from the temperature dependence of the dielectric parameters obtained in the presence of urea, an interesting phenomenon was found in which the effect of urea on PNIPAM seems to take 2 M as a unit. This result may be the reason why urea and TMAO exit marine fishes at a specific ratio of 2 : 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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14
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15
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van der Vegt NFA, Rodríguez-Ropero F. Comment on "Relating side chain organization of PNIPAm with its conformation in aqueous methanol" by D. Mukherji, M. Wagner, M. D. Watson, S. Winzen, T. E. de Oliveira, C. M. Marques and K. Kremer, Soft Matter, 2016, 12, 7995. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2289-2291. [PMID: 28262864 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02139e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In a recent paper, Mukherji et al. describe the collapse of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) in methanol-water mixtures based on experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The conclusion of their work is that chain collapse is dominated by enthalpic bridging interactions while entropic effects play no major role. Here we show that this claim arises from an improper interpretation of preferential binding and the corresponding thermodynamic data presented. When interpreted correctly, the data instead provide evidence for repulsive enthalpic interactions of methanol with the polymer, supporting the emerging view of entropic chain collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico F A van der Vegt
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Francisco Rodríguez-Ropero
- Department of Physics and Center of Molecular Study of Soft Condensed Matter, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60160, USA
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16
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Johnson NO, Light TP, MacDonald G, Zhang Y. Anion–Caffeine Interactions Studied by 13C and 1H NMR and ATR–FTIR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1649-1659. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas O. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, United States
| | - Taylor P. Light
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, United States
| | - Gina MacDonald
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, United States
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, United States
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17
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Pica A, Graziano G. Hydrostatic pressure effect on PNIPAM cononsolvency in water-methanol solutions. Biophys Chem 2017; 231:34-38. [PMID: 28081859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
When methanol is added to water at room temperature and 1atm, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM, undergoes a coil-to-globule collapse transition. This intriguing phenomenon is called cononsolvency. Spectroscopic measurements have shown that application of high hydrostatic pressure destroys PNIPAM cononsolvency in water-methanol solutions. We have developed a theoretical approach that identifies the decrease in solvent-excluded volume effect as the driving force of PNIPAM collapse on increasing the temperature. The same approach indicates that cononsolvency, at room temperature and P=1atm, is caused by the inability of PNIPAM to make all the attractive energetic interactions that it could be engaged in, due to competition between water and methanol molecules. The present analysis suggests that high hydrostatic pressure destroys cononsolvency because the coil state becomes more compact, and the quantity measuring PNIPAM-solvent attractions increases in magnitude due to the solution density increase, and the ability of small water molecules to substitute methanol molecules on PNIPAM surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pica
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
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18
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Narang P, Venkatesu P. New endeavours involving the cooperative behaviour of TMAO and urea towards the globular state of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05120d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have provided evidence for the destruction of the hydrogen bonds of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) in the presence of osmolytes such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Narang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi – 110007
- India
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19
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Nayar D, Folberth A, van der Vegt NFA. Molecular origin of urea driven hydrophobic polymer collapse and unfolding depending on side chain chemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18156-18161. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01743j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Urea ambivalence: molecular simulations show that collapse and unfolding of aqueous polymers occur in response to urea screening of nonpolar molecular surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Nayar
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie
- Center of Smart Interfaces
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Angelina Folberth
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie
- Center of Smart Interfaces
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Nico F. A. van der Vegt
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie
- Center of Smart Interfaces
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt
- Germany
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20
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Merlino A, Pontillo N, Graziano G. A driving force for polypeptide and protein collapse. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:751-756. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07397b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptide collapse is driven by the solvent-excluded volume decrease, the presence of nonpolar side chains is not so important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Merlino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
- 80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Nicola Pontillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
- 80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie
- Università del Sannio
- 82100 Benevento
- Italy
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21
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Tah I, Mondal J. How Does a Hydrophobic Macromolecule Respond to a Mixed Osmolyte Environment? J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:10969-10978. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b08378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Tah
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 21 Brundavan Colony, Narsingi, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 21 Brundavan Colony, Narsingi, Hyderabad, India
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22
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Pica A, Graziano G. An alternative explanation of the cononsolvency of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in water–methanol solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:25601-25608. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04753j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Water/methanol competition in the interaction with PNIPAM causes a decrease in the magnitude of attractive energy, leading to cononsolvency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pica
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
- 80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie
- Università del Sannio
- 82100 Benevento
- Italy
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