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Zhao XK, Zhang YY, Zhao J, Hu HS, Li J. Understanding the Electronic Structure and Chemical Bonding in the 2D Fullerene Monolayer. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11572-11582. [PMID: 38866714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Recently synthesized two-dimensional (2D) monolayer quasi-hexagonal-phase fullerene (qHPC60) demonstrates excellent thermodynamic stability. Within this monolayer, each fullerene cluster is surrounded by six adjacent C60 cages along an equatorial plane and is connected by both C-C single bonds and [2 + 2] cycloaddition bonds that serve as bridges. In this study, we investigate the stability mechanism of the 2D qHPC60 monolayer by examining the electronic structure and chemical bonding through state-of-the-art theoretical methodologies. Density functional theory (DFT) studies reveal that 2D qHPC60 possesses a moderate direct electronic band gap of 1.46 eV, close to the experimental value (1.6 eV). It is found that the intermolecular bridge bonds play a crucial role in enhancing the charge flow and redistribution among C60 cages, leading to the formation of dual π-aromaticity within the C60 sphere and stabilizing the 2D framework structure. Furthermore, we identify a series of delocalized superatom molecular orbitals (SAMOs) within the 2D qHPC60 monolayer, exhibiting atomic orbital-like behavior and hybridization to form nearly free-electron (NFE) bands with σ/π bonding and σ*/π* antibonding properties. Our findings provide insights into the design and potential applications of NFE bands derived from SAMOs in 2D qHPC60 monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Kun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Fundamental Science Center of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Fundamental Science Center of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
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Aramini M, Milanese C, Hillier AD, Girella A, Horstmann C, Klassen T, Ishida K, Dornheim M, Pistidda C. Using the Emission of Muonic X-rays as a Spectroscopic Tool for the Investigation of the Local Chemistry of Elements. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1260. [PMID: 32605232 PMCID: PMC7408306 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There are several techniques providing quantitative elemental analysis, but very few capable of identifying both the concentration and chemical state of elements. This study presents a systematic investigation of the properties of the X-rays emitted after the atomic capture of negatively charged muons. The probability rates of the muonic transitions possess sensitivity to the electronic structure of materials, thus making the muonic X-ray Emission Spectroscopy complementary to the X-ray Absorption and Emission techniques for the study of the chemistry of elements, and able of unparalleled analysis in case of elements bearing low atomic numbers. This qualitative method is applied to the characterization of light elements-based, energy-relevant materials involved in the reaction of hydrogen desorption from the reactive hydride composite Ca(BH4)2-Mg2NiH4. The origin of the influence of the band-structure on the muonic atom is discussed and the observed effects are attributed to the contribution of the electronic structure to the screening and to the momentum distribution in the muon cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Aramini
- UKRI Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK; (M.A.); (A.D.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Chiara Milanese
- Pavia Hydrogen Lab, Chemistry Department, Physical Chemistry Section, C.S.G.I. and Pavia University, Viale Taramelli, 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Adrian D. Hillier
- UKRI Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK; (M.A.); (A.D.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Alessandro Girella
- Pavia Hydrogen Lab, Chemistry Department, Physical Chemistry Section, C.S.G.I. and Pavia University, Viale Taramelli, 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Christian Horstmann
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; (C.H.); (T.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Thomas Klassen
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; (C.H.); (T.K.); (M.D.)
- Institute of Materials Technology, Helmut Schmidt University, Holstenhofweg 85, 22043 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katsuo Ishida
- UKRI Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK; (M.A.); (A.D.H.); (K.I.)
- RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, Nishina Bldg., 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Martin Dornheim
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; (C.H.); (T.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Claudio Pistidda
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; (C.H.); (T.K.); (M.D.)
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