1
|
Beig N, Goyal V, Bansal RK. Application of N-heterocyclic carbene-Cu(I) complexes as catalysts in organic synthesis: a review. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1408-1442. [PMID: 37767335 PMCID: PMC10520485 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are a special type of carbenes in which the carbene carbon atom is part of the nitrogen heterocyclic ring. Due to the simplicity of their synthesis and the modularity of their stereoelectronic properties, NHCs have unquestionably emerged as one of the most fascinating and well-known species in chemical science. The remarkable stability of NHCs can be attributed to both kinetic as well as thermodynamic effects caused by its structural features. NHCs constitute a well-established class of new ligands in organometallic chemistry. Although initially NHCs were regarded as pure σ-donor ligands, later experimental and theoretical studies established the presence of a significant back donation from the d-orbital of the metal to the π* orbital of the NHC. Over the last two decades, NHC-metal complexes have been extensively used as efficient catalysts in different types of organic reactions. Of these, NHC-Cu(I) complexes found prominence for various reasons, such as ease of preparation, possibility of structural diversity, low cost, and versatile applications. This article overviews applications of NHC-Cu(I) complexes as catalysts in organic synthesis over the last 12 years, which include hydrosilylation reactions, conjugate addition, [3 + 2] cycloaddition, A3 reaction, boration and hydroboration, N-H and C(sp2)-H carboxylation, C(sp2)-H alkenylation and allylation, C(sp2)-H arylation, C(sp2)-H amidation, and C(sp2)-H thiolation. Preceding the section of applications, a brief description of the structure of NHCs, nature of NHC-metal bond, and methods of preparation of NHC-Cu complexes is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Beig
- Department of Chemistry, The IIS (deemed to be University), Jaipur, 302 020, India
| | - Varsha Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, The IIS (deemed to be University), Jaipur, 302 020, India
| | - Raj Kumar Bansal
- Department of Chemistry, The IIS (deemed to be University), Jaipur, 302 020, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Daniels BS, Hou X, Corio SA, Weissman LM, Dong VM, Hirschi JS, Nie S. Copper-Phosphido Catalysis: Enantioselective Addition of Phosphines to Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306511. [PMID: 37332088 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
We describe a copper catalyst that promotes the addition of phosphines to cyclopropenes at ambient temperature. A range of cyclopropylphosphines bearing different steric and electronic properties can now be accessed in high yields and enantioselectivities. Enrichment of phosphorus stereocenters is also demonstrated via a Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation (DyKAT) process. A combined experimental and theoretical mechanistic study supports an elementary step featuring insertion of a CuI -phosphido into a carbon-carbon double bond. Density functional theory calculations reveal migratory insertion as the rate- and stereo-determining step, followed by a syn-protodemetalation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xintong Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Corio
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Lindsey M Weissman
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Vy M Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Hirschi
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Shaozhen Nie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Rd, 19426, Collegeville, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li YB, Tian H, Zhang S, Xiao JZ, Yin L. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of P-Chiral Aminophosphinites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117760. [PMID: 35076164 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a copper(I)-catalyzed reaction of diarylphosphines and O-benzoyl hydroxylamines is developed. In the cases of symmetrical diarylphosphines, a series of aminophosphinites is prepared in high yields. In the cases of unsymmetrical diarylphosphines, an array of P-chiral aminophosphinites is synthesized in high yields with high enantioselectivity by using a copper(I)-(R,RP )-Ph-FOXAP complex as a chiral catalyst. Based on several control experiments and 31 P NMR studies, a two-electron redox mechanism involving the dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation of unsymmetrical diarylphosphines is proposed for the copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric reaction. Finally, one representative P-chiral phosphoric amide generated through the oxidation with H2 O2 is transformed to a chiral diarylphosphinate in high yield with retained enantioselectivity, which allows further transformations towards various P-chiral tertiary phosphines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hu Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun-Zhao Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Liang Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cyclo-Tetrakis(μ-diphenylphosphido)-1,5-bis(tri-tert-butylphosphine)-Tetracopper. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper phosphido compound Cu4(μ-PPh2)4(PtBu3)2 was synthesized by three synthetic methods and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction and 1H, 31P, 13C and 31P HMBC NMR spectroscopy. Cu4(μ-PPh2)4(PtBu3)2 was also demonstrated to be a hydrophosphination pre-catalyst.
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Tian H, Zhang S, Xiao J, Yin L. Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of
P
‐Chiral Aminophosphinites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Bo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Hu Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jun‐Zhao Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Liang Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Grützmacher H, Le Corre G. Simple conversion of trisodium phosphide, Na3P, into silyl- and cyanophosphides and structure of a terminal silver phosphide. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3497-3501. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04223h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of trisodium phosphide (Na3P) with chlorosilanes allows for simple derivatization into silyl- and cyano-substituted phosphanide species which were compared to each other. The recently discovered cyano(triphenylsilyl)phosphanide shows unique coordination...
Collapse
|
7
|
Tarlton ML, Vilanova SP, Kaumini MG, Kelley SP, Huang P, Walensky JR. Structural, Spectroscopic, and Computational Analysis of Heterometallic Thorium Phosphinidiide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14932-14943. [PMID: 34528785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To synthesize complexes with thorium-phosphorus multiple-bond character, reactions of (C5Me5)2Th[P(H)Mes]2 with monovalent alkali-metal bases, MN(SiMe3)2, as well as CuMes, have been investigated. The results with MN(SiMe3)2 are phosphinidiide complexes of the form {(C5Me5)2Th[μ2-P(Mes)][μ2-P(H)Mes]M(L)n}2 (M = Na, n = 0; M = K, L = THF, n = 1; M = Rb, L = THF, n = 1; M = Cs, L = Et2O, n = 1). With CuMes, the product is a Th2Cu3P5 heterometallic structure, {(C5Me5)2Th[(μ2-P(H)Mes)P(Mes)]Cu}2Cu[μ2-P(H)Mes]. All complexes have been characterized using heteronuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and their solid-state structure identified by X-ray crystallography. We also report the structure of {(C5Me5)2Th[(μ2-As(H)Mes)As(Mes)]Cu}2Cu[μ2-As(H)Mes] obtained from (C5Me5)2Th[As(H)Mes]2 with CuMes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Tarlton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Sean P Vilanova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - M Gayanethra Kaumini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Steven P Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Patrick Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California 94542, United States
| | - Justin R Walensky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang S, Xiao JZ, Li YB, Shi CY, Yin L. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Alkylation of Unsymmetrical Secondary Phosphines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9912-9921. [PMID: 34160199 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric alkylation of HPAr1Ar2 with alkyl halides is uncovered, which provides an array of P-stereogenic phosphines in generally high yield and enantioselectivity. The electrophilic alkyl halides enjoy a broad substrate scope, including allyl bromides, propargyl bromide, benzyl bromides, and alkyl iodides. Moreover, 11 unsymmetrical diarylphosphines (HPAr1Ar2) serve as competent pronucleophiles. The present methodology is also successfully applied to catalytic asymmetric double and triple alkylation, and the corresponding products were obtained in moderate diastereo- and excellent enantioselectivities. Some 31P NMR experiments indicate that bulky HPPhMes exhibits weak competitively coordinating ability to the Cu(I)-bisphosphine complex, and thus the presence of stoichiometric HPAr1Ar2 does not affect the enantioselectivity significantly. Therefore, the high enantioselectivity in this reaction is attributed to the high performance of the unique Cu(I)-(R,RP)-TANIAPHOS complex in asymmetric induction. Finally, one monophosphine and two bisphosphines prepared by the present reaction are employed as efficient chiral ligands to afford three structurally diversified Cu(I) complexes, which demonstrates the synthetic utility of the present methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Centre for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun-Zhao Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Centre for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Bo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Centre for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chang-Yun Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Centre for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Centre for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matavos-Aramyan S, Soukhakian S, Jazebizadeh MH. Mononuclear Cu Complexes Based on Nitrogen Heterocyclic Carbene: A Comprehensive Review. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:39. [PMID: 32367181 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, organometallic, coordination, and catalytic chemistry of the three-dimensional metals such as copper (Cu) has been greatly affected by the emergence of nitrogen heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. The NHCs, and in particular the mononuclear CuI-based ones, have been proven vastly useful in several applications such as in biosynthesis, catalysis, photochemistry, etc. This review tries to thoroughly describe a series of mononuclear CuI NHC complexes and their subcategories such as heteroleptics, and bidentate and tridentate heteroatom complexes, and give some detailed insights on their development, emergence, and applications. A brief outlook is also disclosed to enable other researchers to further develop a platform for future advances and studies in the field of CuI-based NHCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Matavos-Aramyan
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sadaf Soukhakian
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Jazebizadeh
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Horsley Downie TM, Hall JW, Collier Finn TP, Liptrot DJ, Lowe JP, Mahon MF, McMullin CL, Whittlesey MK. The first ring-expanded NHC–copper(i) phosphides as catalysts in the highly selective hydrophosphination of isocyanates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13359-13362. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05694d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first copper(i) phosphides supported by ring-expanded N-heterocyclic carbenes have been synthesised and react readily with heterocumulenes. These copper(i) phosphides are highly active and selective in the hydrophosphination of isocyanates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John P. Lowe
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down
- Bath
- UK
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- X-Ray Crystallography Suite
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down
- Bath
- UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Danopoulos AA, Simler T, Braunstein P. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3730-3961. [PMID: 30843688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands across the Periodic Table had an impact on various aspects of the coordination, organometallic, and catalytic chemistry of the 3d metals, including Cu, Ni, and Co, both from the fundamental viewpoint but also in applications, including catalysis, photophysics, bioorganometallic chemistry, materials, etc. In this review, the emergence, development, and state of the art in these three areas are described in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas A Danopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou , Athens GR 15771 , Greece.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Thomas Simler
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang G, Gibbons SK, Glueck DS, Sibbald C, Fleming JT, Higham LJ, Rheingold AL. Copper–Phosphido Intermediates in Cu(IPr)-Catalyzed Synthesis of 1-Phosphapyracenes via Tandem Alkylation/Arylation of Primary Phosphines. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 6128 Burke Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Sarah K. Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 6128 Burke Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - David S. Glueck
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 6128 Burke Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Connor Sibbald
- School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - James T. Fleming
- School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Lee J. Higham
- School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yuan J, Zhu L, Zhang J, Li J, Cui C. Sequential Addition of Phosphine to Alkynes for the Selective Synthesis of 1,2-Diphosphinoethanes under Catalysis. Well-Defined NHC-Copper Phosphides vs in Situ CuCl2/NHC Catalyst. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhao Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Khalili Najafabadi B, Corrigan JF. Silylphosphido complexes of gold(I) coordinated with NHC ligands. CAN J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2016-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The N-heterocyclic carbenes IPr (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) and iPr2-bimy (iPr2-bimy = 1,3-di-isopropylbenzimidazole-2-ylidene) were utilized as a basis for the preparation of four gold–silylphosphido complexes: [(IPr)AuP(Ph)SiMe3] (1), [(IPr)AuP(SiMe3)2] (2), [(iPr2-bimy)AuP(Ph)SiMe3] (3), and [(iPr2-bimy)AuP(SiMe3)2] (4). These complexes represent rare examples of terminally bonded Au–PR2 and the first examples where phosphorus retains reactive P-SiMe3 moieties. The reactivity of the P–Si bonds in 1 and 3 was explored via the addition of PhC(O)Cl. The products of these reactions were the formation of the phosphido-bridged [(IPrAu)2(μ-PPhC(O)Ph)][AuCl2] (5) and, in the case of the smaller N-heterocyclic carbenes, the tertiary phosphine PPh(C(O)Ph)2 (6) was isolated together with the known gold complex [(iPr2-bimy)AuCl]. Both reactions proceed via the elimination of ClSiMe3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John F. Corrigan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|