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Bukowski W, Bukowska A, Sobota A, Pytel M, Bester K. Copolymerization of Phthalic Anhydride with Epoxides Catalyzed by Amine-Bis(Phenolate) Chromium(III) Complexes. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111785. [PMID: 34071682 PMCID: PMC8197922 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of ligand structure on the catalytic activity of amine-bis(phenolate) chromium(III) complexes in the ring-opening copolymerization of phthalic anhydride and a series epoxides was studied. Eight complexes differing in the donor-pendant group (R1) and substituents (R2) in phenolate units were examined as catalysts of the model reaction between phthalic anhydride and cyclohexane oxide in toluene. They were used individually or as a part of the binary catalytic systems with nucleophilic co-catalysts. The co-catalyst was selected from the following organic bases: PPh3, DMAP, 1-butylimidazole, or DBU. The binary catalytic systems turned out to be more active than the complexes used individually, and DMAP proved to be the best choice as a co-catalyst. When the molar ratio of [PA]:[epoxide]:[Cr]:[DMAP] = 250:250:1:1 was applied, the most active complex (R1-X = CH2NMe2, R2 = F) allowed to copolymerize phthalic anhydride with differently substituted epoxides (cyclohexene oxide, 4-vinylcyclohexene oxide, styrene oxide, phenyl glycidyl ether, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and epichlorohydrin) within 240 min at 110 °C. The resulting polyesters were characterized by Mn up to 20.6 kg mol-1 and narrow dispersity, and they did not contain polyether units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Bukowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35–959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Bukowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35–959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Sobota
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical Sciences at the Rzeszow University of Technology; 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Maciej Pytel
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszów University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35–959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Karol Bester
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35–959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-17-865-13-38
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Elkurtehi AI, Kerton FM. Synthesis of amino-phenolate manganese complexes and their catalytic activity in carbon dioxide activation and oxidation reactions. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two manganese(III) compounds were studied as catalysts for the reaction of carbon dioxide with propylene oxide, styrene oxide, and cyclohexene oxide, and formed cyclic carbonate products selectively under solvent free conditions in the presence of an ionic co-catalyst such as TBAB or PPNCl. Variable temperature kinetic studies allowed the activation energy for propylene carbonate formation to be determined (64 kJ mol−1). The catalysts showed good stability in these reactions and overall turnover numbers (TON) of up to 6000 were observed. The complexes showed low activity for the aerobic oxidation of 4-methyoxybenzylalcohol to the corresponding aldehyde, achieving up to 40% conversion in 72 h. However, near quantitative conversion of 1,2-diphenyl-2-methoxyethanol to provide up to 90% yield of benzaldehyde could be achieved over the course of 5 days. Both complexes showed similar reactivity in the two catalytic processes, and this is likely due to the weakly coordinating nature of the pendant donor within the tetradentate ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali I. Elkurtehi
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Francesca M. Kerton
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
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Ambrose K, Murphy JN, Kozak CM. Chromium Diamino-bis(phenolate) Complexes as Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide and Carbon Dioxide. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15375-15383. [PMID: 33012167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chromium diamino-bis(phenolate) complexes, CrXL [where L = 6,6'-((1,4-diazepane-1,4-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(2,4-dimethylphenolato) and X = Cl- (1), OH- (2), and N3- (3)], were prepared and characterized by MALDI-TOF MS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 crystallized as two linkage isomers, specifically a green chloride-bridged dimer (1) and a pink asymmetrically bridged isomer exhibiting one chloride bridging atom and one bridging phenolate oxygen (1'). Adventitious moisture during sample handling causes the formation of hydroxide-containing complex 2. The reaction of 1 with PPNN3 (where PPN = bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium) permits the isolation of a crystalline chromium azide complex, 3, which was structurally authenticated. Complex 1 showed good activity toward the ring-opening copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and carbon dioxide with an added chloride, azide, or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) cocatalyst to give a completely alternating polycarbonate with a narrow molecular weight dispersity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenson Ambrose
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL Canada A1B 3X7
| | - Jennifer N Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL Canada A1B 3X7
| | - Christopher M Kozak
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL Canada A1B 3X7
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Palladium complexes bearing κ2-N,N and κ3-N,N,O pendant amine bis(phenolate) ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ambrose K, Robertson KN, Kozak CM. Cobalt amino-bis(phenolate) complexes for coupling and copolymerization of epoxides with carbon dioxide. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6248-6260. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00996e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Electron-withdrawing groups on phenolate donors enhance polycarbonate production from CO2 and cyclohexene oxide by Co(ii) amino-bis(phenolate) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenson Ambrose
- Department of Chemistry
- Memorial University of Newfoundland
- St. John's
- Canada A1B 3X7
| | | | - Christopher M. Kozak
- Department of Chemistry
- Memorial University of Newfoundland
- St. John's
- Canada A1B 3X7
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Ni K, Paniez-Grave V, Kozak CM. Effect of Azide and Chloride Binding to Diamino-bis(phenolate) Chromium Complexes on CO2/Cyclohexene Oxide Copolymerization. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Valentine Paniez-Grave
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Kozak
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada
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Ni K, Kozak CM. Kinetic Studies of Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide with CO2 by a Diamino-bis(phenolate) Chromium(III) Complex. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:3097-3106. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Kozak
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland A1B 3X7, Canada
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Li CY, Su YC, Lin CH, Huang HY, Tsai CY, Lee TY, Ko BT. Synthesis and characterization of trimetallic cobalt, zinc and nickel complexes containing amine-bis(benzotriazole phenolate) ligands: efficient catalysts for coupling of carbon dioxide with epoxides. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:15399-15406. [PMID: 29077111 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02841e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New trimetallic cobalt, nickel and zinc complexes 1-3 coordinated by amine-bis(benzotriazole phenolate) ligands and ancillary acetate groups have been developed for the use of CO2/epoxide coupling. All complexes were structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography; tri-Co complex 1 is the first solid-state example in which three different geometrical configurations exist in the same benzotriazole phenoxide metal complex. Tri-nuclear complexes 1 and 2 with cobalt and zinc metal centers were demonstrated to be very active catalysts for cycloaddition of cyclohexene oxide with CO2 in the presence of ammonium salt co-catalysts to give cis-cyclohexene carbonate under the conditions of 80 °C and 300 psi initial CO2 pressure. Particularly, tri-cobalt complex 1 was found to efficiently couple CO2 with epoxides showing broad substrate scope, producing the corresponding cyclic organic carbonates with good activities and high selectivities. This is a successful example of catalysis for cyclic carbonate synthesis using one cobalt(ii) complex as a homogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan
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Hatazawa M, Takahashi R, Deng J, Houjou H, Nozaki K. Cationic Co–Salphen Complexes Bisligated by DMAP as Catalysts for the Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide with Phthalic Anhydride or Carbon Dioxide. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hatazawa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Rei Takahashi
- Institute
of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Jingyuan Deng
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Houjou
- Institute
of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Devaine-Pressing K, Kozak CM. Mechanistic Studies of Cyclohexene Oxide/CO 2 Copolymerization by a Chromium(III) Pyridylamine-Bis(Phenolate) Complex. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1266-1273. [PMID: 28094470 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chromium(III) chlorido amine-bis(phenolate) complexes paired with nucleophilic co-catalysts are a promising family of catalysts for the copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides to selectively produce polycarbonates with a very high degree of carbonate linkages. Single-component catalyst systems can be prepared, where the neutral nucleophile, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), is coordinated to the metal site to provide a stable octahedral CrIII complex. These complexes possess the potential for both anionic (from the chlorido ligand) or neutral (DMAP) nucleophilic epoxide ring-opening during the proposed rate-determining initiation step. Concentration effect studies support a first-order dependence of the polymerization rate on the concentration of single-component catalyst. End-group analysis of polycarbonates by MALDI-TOF MS indicate the presence of predominantly DMAP-initiated chains as well as the occurrence of chain-transfer events resulting in ether linkages, likely from the presence of cyclohexene diol formed by the reaction of cyclohexene oxide and adventitious water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Devaine-Pressing
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Christopher M Kozak
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada
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12
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Elkurtehi AI, Kerton FM. Coupling Reactions of Carbon Dioxide with Epoxides Catalyzed by Vanadium Aminophenolate Complexes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1249-1254. [PMID: 28052581 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of vanadium compounds supported by tetradentate aminobis(phenolate) ligands were screened for catalytic reactivity in the reaction of propylene oxide (PO) with CO2 : [VO(OMe)(O2 NOBuMeMeth )], [VO(OMe)(ON2 OBuMe )], [VO(OMe)(O2 NNBuBuPy )], and [VO(OMe)(O2 NOBuBuFurf )]. They showed similar reactivities, but reaction rates were higher for [VO(OMe)(ON2 OBuMe )], which was studied in more detail. Turnover frequencies for conversion of PO over 500 h-1 were observed. Activation energies were determined experimentally through in situ IR spectroscopy for propylene carbonate (48.2 kJ mol-1 ), styrene carbonate (45.6 kJ mol-1 ), and cyclohexene carbonate (54.7 kJ mol-1 ) formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali I Elkurtehi
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Francesca M Kerton
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
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13
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Peng J, Yang HJ, Geng Y, Wei Z, Wang L, Guo CY. Novel, recyclable supramolecular metal complexes for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO 2 under solvent-free conditions. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Bailey GA, Fogg DE. Confronting Neutrality: Maximizing Success in the Analysis of Transition-Metal Catalysts by MALDI Mass Spectrometry. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn A. Bailey
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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Martínez J, Castro-Osma JA, Lara-Sánchez A, Otero A, Fernández-Baeza J, Tejeda J, Sánchez-Barba LF, Rodríguez-Diéguez A. Ring-opening copolymerisation of cyclohexene oxide and carbon dioxide catalysed by scorpionate zinc complexes. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01559j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New bimetallic heteroscorpionate zinc complexes have been developed and used as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of poly(cyclohexene carbonate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - José A. Castro-Osma
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - Antonio Otero
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - Juan Tejeda
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - Luis F. Sánchez-Barba
- Departamento de Biología y Geología
- Física y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Móstoles
- Spain
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