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Choi N, Schlücker S. Convergence of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with Molecular Diagnostics: A Perspective on Future Directions. ACS NANO 2024; 18:5998-6007. [PMID: 38345242 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Molecular diagnostics (MD) is widely employed in multiple scientific disciplines, such as oncology, pathogen detection, forensic investigations, and the pharmaceutical industry. Techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revolutionized the rapid and accurate identification of nucleic acids (DNA, RNA). More recently, CRISPR and its CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) have been a ground-breaking discovery that is the latest revolution in molecular biology, including MD. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a very attractive alternative to fluorescence as the currently most widely used optical readout in MD. In this Perspective, milestones in the development of MD, SERS-PCR, and next-generation approaches to MD, such as Specific High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter UnLOCKing (SHERLOCK) and DNA Endonuclease-Targeted CRISPR Trans Reporter (DETECTR), are briefly summarized. Our perspective on the future convergence of SERS with MD is focused on SERS-based CRISPR/Cas (SERS-CRISPR) since we anticipate many promising applications in this rapidly emerging field. We predict that major future developments will exploit the advantages of real-time monitoring with the superior brightness, photostability, and spectral multiplexing potential of SERS nanotags in an automated workflow for rapid assays under isothermal, amplification-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namhyun Choi
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry, and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) & Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE), 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry, and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) & Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE), 45141 Essen, Germany
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2
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Xia J, Li W, Sun M, Wang H. Application of SERS in the Detection of Fungi, Bacteria and Viruses. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3572. [PMID: 36296758 PMCID: PMC9609009 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we report the recent advances of SERS in fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Firstly, we briefly introduce the advantage of SERS over fluorescence on virus identification and detection. Secondly, we review the feasibility analysis of Raman/SERS spectrum analysis, identification, and fungal detection on SERS substrates of various nanostructures with a signal amplification mechanism. Thirdly, we focus on SERS spectra for nucleic acid, pathogens for the detection of viruses and bacteria, and furthermore introduce SERS-based microdevices, including SERS-based microfluidic devices, and three-dimensional nanostructured plasmonic substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Xia
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huiting Wang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
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3
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Berus SM, Adamczyk-Popławska M, Młynarczyk-Bonikowska B, Witkowska E, Szymborski T, Waluk J, Kamińska A. SERS-based sensor for the detection of sexually transmitted pathogens in the male swab specimens: A new approach for clinical diagnosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 189:113358. [PMID: 34052582 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been widely tested for its usefulness in microbiological studies, providing many information-rich spectra which are a kind of 'whole-organism fingerprint' and enabling identification of bacterial species. Here we show, previously not considered, the comprehensive SERS-chemometric analysis of five bacterial pathogens, namely Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Haemophilus ducreyi, all being responsible for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In the designed biosensor, the direct, intrinsic format of the spectroscopic analysis was adopted for the SERS-based screening of gonorrhea and chlamydiosis due to vibrational analysis of men's urethra swabs. Our experiments demonstrated that the applied method enables identification the individual species of the Neisseria genus with high accuracy. In order to differentiate the sexually transmitted pathogens and to classify the clinical samples of male urethra swabs, three multivariate methods were used. In the external validation the created models correctly classified the men's urethra swabs with prediction accuracy reaching 89% for SIMCA and 100% for PLS-DA. As a result, the developed protocol enables: (i) simple and non-invasive analysis of clinical samples (the collection of urethra swabs specimens could be carried out at different points of care, such as doctor's office); (ii) fast analysis (<15 min); (iii) culture-free identification; (iv) sensitive and reliable SERS-based diagnosis of STD. The simplicity of the developed detection procedure, supported by high sensitivity, reproducibility, and specificity, open a new path in the improvement of the point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia M Berus
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Evelin Witkowska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Szymborski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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4
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Macdonald D, Smith E, Faulds K, Graham D. DNA detection by SERS: hybridisation parameters and the potential for asymmetric PCR. Analyst 2020; 145:1871-1877. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Addition of complementary DNA induces nanoparticle assembly and SERS response without requirement for further preanalytical steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Macdonald
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Technology and Innovation Centre
| | - Ewen Smith
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Technology and Innovation Centre
| | - Karen Faulds
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Technology and Innovation Centre
| | - Duncan Graham
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Technology and Innovation Centre
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5
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Mabbott S, Fernandes SC, Schechinger M, Cote GL, Faulds K, Mace CR, Graham D. Detection of cardiovascular disease associated miR-29a using paper-based microfluidics and surface enhanced Raman scattering. Analyst 2020; 145:983-991. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01748h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A paper-based microfluidics self-testing device capable of colorimetric and SERS-based sensing of cardiovascular disease associated miR-29a has been developed for improving patient care and triage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mabbott
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Technology and Innovation Centre
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | | | - Monika Schechinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- USA
- Health Technology and Innovation Building
- Texas A&M University
| | - Gerard L. Cote
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- USA
- Health Technology and Innovation Building
- Texas A&M University
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Technology and Innovation Centre
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | | | - Duncan Graham
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Technology and Innovation Centre
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
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6
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Dick S, Bell SEJ. Quantitative surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of single bases in oligodeoxynucleotides. Faraday Discuss 2019; 205:517-536. [PMID: 28891562 DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To address the question of whether the SERS signals of ss-DNA are simply combinations of the signals from the individual bases that comprise the sequence, SERS spectra of unmodified ss-DNA sequences were obtained using a hydroxylamine-reduced Ag colloid aggregated with MgSO4. Initially, synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides with systematic structural variations were used to investigate the effect of adding single nucleobases to the 3' terminus of 10-mer and 20-mer sequences. It was found that the resulting SERS difference spectra could be used to identify the added nucleobases since they closely matched reference spectra of the same nucleobase. Investigation of the variation in intensity of an adenine probe which was moved along a test sequence showed there was a small end effect where nucleobases near the 3' terminus gave slightly larger signals but the effect was minor (30%). More significantly, in a sample set comprising 25-mer sequences where A, T or G nucleobases were substituted either near the centres of the sequences or the 5' or 3' ends, the SERS difference spectra only matched the expected form in approximately half the cases tested. This variation appeared to be due to changes in secondary structure induced by altering the sequences since uncoiling the sequences in a thermal pre-treatment step gave difference spectra which in all cases matched the expected form. Multivariate analysis of the set of substitution data showed that 99% of the variance could be accounted for in a model with just three factors whose loadings matched the spectra of the A, T, and G nucleobases and which contained no positional information. This suggests that aside from the differences in secondary structure which can be eliminated by thermal pre-treatment, the SERS spectra of the 25-mers studied here are simply the sum of their component parts. Although this means that SERS provides very little information on the primary sequence it should be excellent for the detection of post-transcription modifications to DNA which can occur at multiple positions along a given sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dick
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
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7
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McConnell G, Mabbott S, Kanibolotsky AL, Skabara PJ, Graham D, Burley GA, Laurand N. Organic Semiconductor Laser Platform for the Detection of DNA by AgNP Plasmonic Enhancement. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14766-14773. [PMID: 30227713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor lasers are a sensitive biosensing platform that respond to specific biomolecule binding events. So far, such biosensors have utilized protein-based interactions for surface functionalization but a nucleic acid-based strategy would considerably widen their utility as a general biodiagnostic platform. This manuscript reports two important advances for DNA-based sensing using an organic semiconductor (OS) distributed feedback (DFB) laser. First, the immobilization of alkyne-tagged 12/18-mer oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) probes by Cu-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) or "click-chemistry" onto an 80 nm thick OS laser film modified with an azide-presenting polyelectrolyte monolayer is presented. Second, sequence-selective binding to these immobilized probes with complementary ODN-functionalized silver nanoparticles, is detected. As binding occurs, the nanoparticles increase the optical losses of the laser mode through plasmonic scattering and absorption, and this causes a rise in the threshold pump energy required for laser action that is proportional to the analyte concentration. By monitoring this threshold, detection of the complementary ODN target down to 11.5 pM is achieved. This complementary binding on the laser surface is independently confirmed through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).
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Affiliation(s)
- G McConnell
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
- Biomedical Engineering , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - S Mabbott
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - A L Kanibolotsky
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
- Institute of Physical-Organic and Coal Chemistry , The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , 02160 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - P J Skabara
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - D Graham
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - G A Burley
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - N Laurand
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
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Li H, Wang L, Chai Y, Cao Y, Lu F. Synergistic effect between silver nanoparticles and antifungal agents on Candida albicans revealed by dynamic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:1230-1240. [PMID: 30501538 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1540729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the mechanisms of action of new potential antibiotics is a necessary but time-consuming and costly process. We have developed an ultra-rapid, highly sensitive, and reproducible dynamic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (D-SERS) method to discriminate and evaluate the sensitivity of Candida albicans to antifungal agents with different mechanisms by using silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Although Ag NPs have been used conventionally for the enhancement of Raman signals, the accompanying influence of Ag NPs on the microbes has not been investigated. Herein, surface charge and concentration of Ag NPs are likely to be the main influencing factors. Then different concentrations of Ag NPs with the same surface charge as C. albicans were prepared to find the optimal conditions for enhancement of Raman signals while minimally affecting tested fungi. Spectral variations were observed with increasing concentrations of Ag NPs, as well as those of antifungal agents, including echinocandin and azole drugs. The results indicated that the combination of sub-lethal Ag NPs and echinocandin drugs revealed potent synergistic effects against fungi. This could be explained by the metabolism of fungi, the result of which has also been verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lastly, the combination of sub-lethal Ag NPs and echinocandin drugs was used for a mammalian cell toxicity assay to demonstrate whether the optimal combination could cause lower cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. This work opens a window not only for the evaluation of antifungal agents with different mechanisms, but also for the clinical treatment of fungal infections or even new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- a a School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai , China.,d Department of Pharmacy , No.404 Hospital of PLA , Weihai , China
| | - Lihong Wang
- e School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- a a School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai , China
| | - Yongbing Cao
- b b Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China.,c Shanghai TCM-Integrated Institute of Vascular Disease , Shanghai , China
| | - Feng Lu
- a a School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai , China
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9
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Muhamadali H, Subaihi A, Mohammadtaheri M, Xu Y, Ellis DI, Ramanathan R, Bansal V, Goodacre R. Rapid, accurate, and comparative differentiation of clinically and industrially relevant microorganisms via multiple vibrational spectroscopic fingerprinting. Analyst 2018; 141:5127-36. [PMID: 27414261 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00883f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that various microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc.) have been linked with infectious diseases, their crucial role towards sustaining life on Earth is undeniable. The huge biodiversity, combined with the wide range of biochemical capabilities of these organisms, have always been the driving force behind their large number of current, and, as of yet, undiscovered future applications. The presence of such diversity could be said to expedite the need for the development of rapid, accurate and sensitive techniques which allow for the detection, differentiation, identification and classification of such organisms. In this study, we employed Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopies, as molecular whole-organism fingerprinting techniques, combined with multivariate statistical analysis approaches for the classification of a range of industrial, environmental or clinically relevant bacteria (P. aeruginosa, P. putida, E. coli, E. faecium, S. lividans, B. subtilis, B. cereus) and yeast (S. cerevisiae). Principal components-discriminant function analysis (PC-DFA) scores plots of the spectral data collected from all three techniques allowed for the clear differentiation of all the samples down to sub-species level. The partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models generated using the SERS spectral data displayed lower accuracy (74.9%) when compared to those obtained from conventional Raman (97.8%) and FT-IR (96.2%) analyses. In addition, whilst background fluorescence was detected in Raman spectra for S. cerevisiae, this fluorescence was quenched when applying SERS to the same species, and conversely SERS appeared to introduce strong fluorescence when analysing P. putida. It is also worth noting that FT-IR analysis provided spectral data of high quality and reproducibility for the whole sample set, suggesting its applicability to a wider range of samples, and perhaps the most suitable for the analysis of mixed cultures in future studies. Furthermore, our results suggest that while each of these spectroscopic approaches may favour different organisms (sample types), when combined, they would provide complementary and more in-depth knowledge (structural and/or metabolic state) of biological systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such a comparative and combined spectroscopic study (using FT-IR, Raman and SERS) has been carried out on microbial samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howbeer Muhamadali
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Abdu Subaihi
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Mahsa Mohammadtaheri
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yun Xu
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - David I Ellis
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Rajesh Ramanathan
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Royston Goodacre
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Chisanga M, Muhamadali H, Ellis DI, Goodacre R. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) in Microbiology: Illumination and Enhancement of the Microbial World. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 72:987-1000. [PMID: 29569946 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818764672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbial world forms a huge family of organisms that exhibit the greatest phylogenetic diversity on Earth and thus colonize virtually our entire planet. Due to this diversity and subsequent complex interactions, the vast majority of microorganisms are involved in innumerable natural bioprocesses and contribute an absolutely vital role toward the maintenance of life on Earth, whilst a small minority cause various infectious diseases. The ever-increasing demand for environmental monitoring, sustainable ecosystems, food security, and improved healthcare systems drives the continuous search for inexpensive but reproducible, automated and portable techniques for detection of microbial isolates and understanding their interactions for clinical, environmental, and industrial applications and benefits. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is attracting significant attention for the accurate identification, discrimination and characterization and functional assessment of microbial cells at the single cell level. In this review, we briefly discuss the technological advances in Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) instrumentation and their application for the analysis of clinically and industrially relevant microorganisms, biofilms, and biological warfare agents. In addition, we summarize the current trends and future prospects of integrating Raman/SERS-isotopic labeling and cell sorting technologies in parallel, to link genotype-to-phenotype in order to define community function of unculturable microbial cells in mixed microbial communities which possess admirable traits such as detoxification of pollutants and recycling of essential metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malama Chisanga
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Howbeer Muhamadali
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, UK
| | - David I Ellis
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, UK
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Dina NE, Gherman AMR, Chiş V, Sârbu C, Wieser A, Bauer D, Haisch C. Characterization of Clinically Relevant Fungi via SERS Fingerprinting Assisted by Novel Chemometric Models. Anal Chem 2018; 90:2484-2492. [PMID: 29356512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonculture-based tests are gaining popularity and upsurge in the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections (IFI) fostered by their main asset, the reduced analysis time, which enables a more rapid diagnosis. In this project, three different clinical isolates of relevant filamentous fungal species were discriminated by using a rapid (less than 5 min) and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based detection method, assisted by chemometrics. The holistic evaluation of the SERS spectra was performed by employing appropriate chemometric tools-classical and fuzzy principal component analysis (FPCA) in combination with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) applied to the first relevant principal components. The efficiency of the proposed robust algorithm is illustrated on the data set including three fungal isolates (Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto, cryptic A. fumigatus complex species, and Rhizomucor pusillus) that were isolated from patient materials. The accurate and reliable discrimination between species of common fungal pathogen strains suggest that the developed method has the potential as an alternative, spectroscopic-based routine analysis tool in IFI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Elena Dina
- Department of Molecular and Biomolecular Physics, National Institute of R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies , 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Raluca Gherman
- Department of Molecular and Biomolecular Physics, National Institute of R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies , 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University , 1 Kogălniceanu, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Chiş
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University , 1 Kogălniceanu, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Costel Sârbu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University , 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreas Wieser
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-University ; Marchioninistrasse 17, 82377 Munich, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU) , Leopoldstrasse 5, 80802 Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) , partner site Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - David Bauer
- Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technische Universität München , Marchioninistrasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Haisch
- Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technische Universität München , Marchioninistrasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
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12
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Schechinger M, Marks H, Locke A, Choudhury M, Cote G. Development of a miRNA surface-enhanced Raman scattering assay using benchtop and handheld Raman systems. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-11. [PMID: 29313325 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.1.017002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA-functionalized nanoparticles, when paired with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), can rapidly detect microRNA. However, widespread use of this approach is hindered by drawbacks associated with large and expensive benchtop Raman microscopes. MicroRNA-17 (miRNA-17) has emerged as a potential epigenetic indicator of preeclampsia, a condition that occurs during pregnancy. Biomarker detection using an SERS point-of-care device could enable prompt diagnosis and prevention as early as the first trimester. Recently, strides have been made in developing portable Raman systems for field applications. An SERS assay for miRNA-17 was assessed and translated from traditional benchtop Raman microscopes to a handheld system. Three different photoactive molecules were compared as potential Raman reporter molecules: a chromophore, malachite green isothiocyanate (MGITC), a fluorophore, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate, and a polarizable small molecule 5,5-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB). For the benchtop Raman microscope, the DTNB-labeled assay yielded the greatest sensitivity under 532-nm laser excitation, but the MGITC-labeled assay prevailed at 785 nm. Conversely, DTNB was preferable for the miniaturized 785-nm Raman system. This comparison showed significant SERS enhancement variation in response to 1-nM miRNA-17, implying that the sensitivity of the assay may be more heavily dependent on the excitation wavelength, instrumentation, and Raman reporter chosen than on the plasmonic coupling from DNA/miRNA-mediated nanoparticle assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Schechinger
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Haley Marks
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Andrea Locke
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Texas A&M University, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Gerard Cote
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
- Texas A&M Engineering Experimentation Station, Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Co, United States
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