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Khachatrian AA, Mukhametzyanov TA, Salikhov RZ, Klimova AE, Gafurov ZN, Kantyukov AO, Yakhvarov DG, Garifullin BF, Mironova DA, Voloshina AD, Solomonov BN. New ionic liquids based on 5-fluorouracil: Tuning of BSA binding and cytotoxicity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128642. [PMID: 38061517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the synthesis, interactions with bovine serum albumin, and cytotoxicity of new ionic liquids based on 5-fluorouracil (API-ILs) with different cations (imidazolium, choline, isoquinolinium, guanidinium). The secondary and tertiary structure of BSA in solutions with different concentrations of API-ILs was monitored by the circular dichroism (CD) technique. The addition of API-ILs does not lead to structural changes in BSA. A quenching of fluorescence spectra intensity of BSA in presence of all API-ILs was observed, allowing the quantification of binding between API-ILs and BSA. The preferred localization of both ions in API-ILs differs significantly depending on the structure of the cation according to molecular docking. The aggregation of BSA in presence of API-ILs was analyzed by the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method, revealing a moderate increase in particle size. Cytotoxicity and selectivity of API-ILs on cancer and normal cell lines were estimated, showing a clear modification of the pharmaceutic activity of ionic liquid compared to 5-fluorouracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artashes A Khachatrian
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation.
| | - Timur A Mukhametzyanov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Ramazan Z Salikhov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra E Klimova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Zufar N Gafurov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation; Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Artyom O Kantyukov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation; Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry G Yakhvarov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation; Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Bulat F Garifullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Diana A Mironova
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra D Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Boris N Solomonov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str.18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
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Mazur A, Neugebauer D. Characterization of Graft Copolymers Synthesized from p-Aminosalicylate Functionalized Monomeric Choline Ionic Liquid. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2556. [PMID: 38004535 PMCID: PMC10674915 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An ionic liquid based on the monomeric choline, specifically [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium chloride (TMAMA), underwent biofunctionalization through an ion exchange reaction with the model drug anion: p-aminosalicylate (PAS), a primary antibiotic for tuberculosis treatment. This modified biocompatible IL monomer (TMAMA/PAS) was subsequently copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) to directly synthesize the well-defined graft conjugates with regulated content of ionic fraction with PAS anions (up to 49%), acting as drug delivery systems. The length of the polymeric side chains was assessed by the monomer conversions, yielding a degree of polymerization ranging from 12 to 89. The density of side chains was controlled by "grafting from" using the multifunctional macroinitiators. In vitro drug release, triggered by the ion exchange between the pharmaceutical and phosphate anions in a PBS medium, occurred in the range of 71-100% (2.8-9.8 μg/mL). Owing to significant drug content and consistent release profiles, these particular graft copolymers, derived from biomodified IL monomers with ionically attached pharmaceutical PAS in the side chains, are recognized as potentially effective drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Neugebauer
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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Shamshina JL, Rogers RD. Ionic Liquids: New Forms of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients with Unique, Tunable Properties. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11894-11953. [PMID: 37797342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
This Review aims to summarize advances over the last 15 years in the development of active pharmaceutical ingredient ionic liquids (API-ILs), which make up a prospective game-changing strategy to overcome multiple problems with conventional solid-state drugs, for example, polymorphism. A critical part of the present Review is the collection of API-ILs and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) prepared to date. The Review covers rules for rational design of API-ILs and tools for API-IL formation, syntheses, and characterization. Nomenclature and ionic speciation, and the confusion that these may cause, are highlighted, particularly for speciation in both ILs and DESs of intermediate ionicity. We also highlight in vivo and in vitro pharmaceutical activity studies, with differences in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic depending on ionicity of API-ILs. A brief overview is provided for the ILs used to deliver drugs, and the Review concludes with key prospects and roadblocks in translating API-ILs into pharmaceutical manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L Shamshina
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute (FBRI), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Robin D Rogers
- 525 Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 2206, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35403, United States
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Huang S, Cheemarla VKR, Tiana D, Lawrence SE. Exploring the Crystal Structure Landscape of Sulfasalazine through Various Multicomponent Crystals. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:5446-5461. [PMID: 37547882 PMCID: PMC10401639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfasalazine is used as an anti-inflammatory drug to treat large intestine diseases and atrophic arthritis. In the solid state, two tautomers are known: an amide tautomer (triclinic polymorph) and an imide tautomer (monoclinic polymorph). Crystallization of six new multicomponent solids of sulfasalazine with three cocrystal formers and three salt formers has been achieved by slurry, liquid-assisted grinding and slow evaporation methods. All of the solid forms are characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques, thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The crystal structural analysis reveals that two sulfasalazine molecules or anions arrange in a head-to-head fashion involving their pyridyl, amide, and sulfonyl groups in an R22(7):R22(8):R22(7) motif. This is the key structural unit appearing in both sulfasalazine imide polymorph and all six multicomponent crystals. In addition, sulfasalazine exists in the amide form in all unsolvated multicomponent crystals obtained in this work and adopts the imide tautomer in the solvated cocrystals and salt. Hirshfeld surface analysis and the associated two-dimensional (2D) fingerprint plots demonstrate that sulfasalazine has significant hydrogen bond donor capability when cocrystallized and is a significant hydrogen bond acceptor in the salts. The frontier molecular orbital analysis indicates that sulfasalazine cocrystals are chemically more stable than the salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- School
of Chemistry, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
- Analytical
and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Vinay K. R. Cheemarla
- School
of Chemistry, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Davide Tiana
- School
of Chemistry, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Simon E. Lawrence
- School
of Chemistry, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
- Analytical
and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
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Md Moshikur R, Goto M. Pharmaceutical Applications of Ionic Liquids: A Personal Account. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300026. [PMID: 37042429 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively used in drug formulation and delivery as designer solvents and other components because of their inherent tunability and useful physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties. ILs can be used to manage some of the operational and functional challenges of drug delivery, including drug solubility, permeability, formulation instability, and in vivo systemic toxicity, that are associated with conventional organic solvents/agents. Furthermore, ILs have been recognized as potential solvents to address the polymorphism, limited solubility, poor permeability, instability, and low bioavailability of crystalline drugs. In this account, we discuss the technological progress and strategies toward designing biocompatible ILs and explore potential biomedical applications, namely the solubilization of small and macromolecular drugs, the creation of active pharmaceutical ingredients, and the delivery of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Md Moshikur
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Md Moshikur R, Shimul IM, Uddin S, Wakabayashi R, Moniruzzaman M, Goto M. Transformation of Hydrophilic Drug into Oil-Miscible Ionic Liquids for Transdermal Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55332-55341. [PMID: 36508194 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs remains challenging owing to their poor ability to permeate the skin; formulation with oil media is difficult without adding chemical permeation enhancers or co-solvents. Herein, we synthesized 12 oil-miscible ionic liquid (IL) drugs comprising lidocaine-, imipramine-, and levamisole (Lev)-hydrochloride with fatty acid permeation enhancers, i.e., laurate, oleate, linoleate, and stearate as counterions. A set of in vitro and in vivo studies was performed to investigate the potency and deliverability of the transdermal drug formulations. All of the synthesized compounds were freely miscible with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents/agents (i.e., ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, Tween 20, and isopropyl myristate (IPM)). In vitro permeation studies revealed that the oleate-based Lev formulation had 2.6-fold higher skin permeation capability than the Lev salts and also superior ability compared with the laurate-, linoleate-, and stearate-containing samples. Upon in vivo transdermal administration to mice, the peak plasma concentration, elimination half-life, and area under the plasma concentration curve values of Lev-IL were 4.6-, 2.9-, and 5.4-fold higher, respectively, than those of the Lev salt. Furthermore, in vitro skin irritation and in vivo histological studies have demonstrated that Lev-IL has excellent biocompatibility compared with a conventional ionic liquid-based carrier. The results indicate that oil-miscible IL-based drugs provide a simple and scalable strategy for the design of effective transdermal drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Md Moshikur
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Islam Md Shimul
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Shihab Uddin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rie Wakabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Muhammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Mazur A, Niesyto K, Neugebauer D. Pharmaceutical Functionalization of Monomeric Ionic Liquid for the Preparation of Ionic Graft Polymer Conjugates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314731. [PMID: 36499061 PMCID: PMC9735495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerizable choline-based ionic liquid (IL), i.e., [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium (TMAMA/Cl¯), was functionalized by an ion exchange reaction with pharmaceutical anions, i.e., cloxacillin (CLX¯) and fusidate (FUS¯), as the antibacterial agents. The modified biocompatible IL monomers (TMAMA/CLX¯, TMAMA/FUS¯) were copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) to prepare the graft copolymers (19-50 mol% of TMAMA units) serving as the drug (co)delivery systems. The in vitro drug release, which was driven by the exchange reaction of the pharmaceutical anions to phosphate ones in PBS medium, was observed for 44% of CLX¯ (2.7 μg/mL) and 53% of FUS¯ (3.6 μg/mL) in the single systems. Similar amounts of released drugs were detected for the dual system, i.e., 41% of CLX¯ (2.2 μg/mL) and 33% of FUS¯ (2.0 μg/mL). The investigated drug ionic polymer conjugates were examined for their cytotoxicity by MTT test, showing a low toxic effect against human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) as the normal cell lines. The satisfactory drug contents and the release profiles attained for the well-defined graft polymers with ionically bonded pharmaceuticals in the side chains make them promising drug carriers in both separate and combined drug delivery systems.
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Ionic Liquids: Promising Approach for Oral Drug Delivery. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2353-2365. [PMID: 35449344 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration is the most preferred route for drug administration in clinic. However, due to unsatisfactory physicochemical properties of drugs and various physiological barriers, the oral bioavailability of most poorly water-soluble and macromolecules drugs is low and the therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory. Ionic liquids (ILs), molten salts with unique properties, show amazing potential for oral delivery. In addition to being able to form active pharmaceutical ingredients based ILs (API-ILs) to overcome drug solubility and polymorphism issues, ILs have also been used to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, enhance drug stability in the gastrointestinal environment, improve drug permeability in intestinal mucus, and facilitate drug penetration across the intestinal epithelial barrier. Furthermore, ILs were attempted as formulation components to develop novel oral drug delivery systems. This review focus on the application progress of ILs in oral drug delivery and the mechanisms. The challenges and perspectives of the development of ILs-based oral delivery systems are also discussed. This article reviews the latest advances of ionic liquids for oral drug delivery, focusing on the application and related mechanisms of ionic liquids in improving the drug physicochemical properties and enhancing drug delivery across physiological barriers.
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Physicochemical study on molecular interactions of the active pharmaceutical ingredient ionic liquid domiphen salicylate with amino acids at different temperatures. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Guan Q, Zhou LL, Dong YB. Ferroptosis in cancer therapeutics: a materials chemistry perspective. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8906-8936. [PMID: 34505861 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01654g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, distinct from apoptosis, is a regulated form of cell death caused by lipid peroxidation that has attracted extensive research interest since it was first defined in 2012. Over the past five years, an increasing number of studies have revealed the close relationship between ferroptosis and materials chemistry, in particular nanobiotechnology, and have concluded that nanotechnology-triggered ferroptosis is an efficient and promising antitumor strategy that provides an alternative therapeutic approach, especially for apoptosis-resistant tumors. In this review, we summarize recent advances in ferroptosis-induced tumor therapy at the intersection of materials chemistry, redox biology, and tumor biology. The biological features and molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis are first outlined, followed by a summary of the feasible strategies to induce ferroptosis using nanomaterials and the applications of ferroptosis in combined tumor therapy. Finally, the existing challenges and future development directions in this emerging field are discussed, with the aim of promoting the progress of ferroptosis-based oncotherapy in materials science and nanoscience and enriching the antitumor arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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Moshikur RM, Ali MK, Wakabayashi R, Moniruzzaman M, Goto M. Methotrexate-based ionic liquid as a potent anticancer drug for oral delivery: In vivo pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and antitumor efficacy. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121129. [PMID: 34562557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral delivery of the sparingly soluble drug methotrexate (MTX) is challenging owing to its poor bioavailability and low solubility. To address this challenge, the present study reports the conversion of MTX into a series of five ionic liquids (ILs) comprising a cationic component-i.e., cholinium (Cho), tetramethylammonium (TMA), tetrabutylphosphonium (TBP), or an amino acid ester-and an anionic component-i.e., MTX. The biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and antitumor efficacy of each MTX-based IL were investigated to determine its usefulness as a pharmaceutical. Oral administration to mice revealed that proline ethyl ester MTX (IL[ProEt][MTX]) had 4.6-fold higher oral bioavailability than MTX sodium, followed by aspartic diethyl ester MTX, IL[TBP][MTX], IL[Cho][MTX], and IL[TMA][MTX]. The peak plasma concentration, elimination half-life, area under the plasma concentration, mean absorption time, and body clearance of IL[ProEt][MTX] were significantly (p < 0.0001) higher by 1.7-, 6.2-, 4.6-, 2.5-, and 3.6-fold, respectively, than those of MTX sodium. MTX accumulation in the lungs, spleen, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract was also reduced by 5.6-, 1.8-, 1.5-, and 1.4-fold, respectively, indicating the IL formulations had lower systemic toxicity than free MTX. Mechanistic studies revealed that the IL[ProEt][MTX] solution formed spherical structures with an average size of 190 nm. This was probably responsible for its improved oral absorption performance in vivo. In vivo antitumor studies also demonstrated that IL[ProEt][MTX] suppressed tumor growth more than MTX sodium. These results suggest that MTX-based ILs provide a simple scalable approach to improving the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Md Moshikur
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Md Korban Ali
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Rie Wakabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Muhammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Moshikur RM, Ali MK, Wakabayashi R, Moniruzzaman M, Goto M. Favipiravir-Based Ionic Liquids as Potent Antiviral Drugs for Oral Delivery: Synthesis, Solubility, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3108-3115. [PMID: 34250805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread across the world, and no specific antiviral drugs have yet been approved to combat this disease. Favipiravir (FAV) is an antiviral drug that is currently in clinical trials for use against COVID-19. However, the delivery of FAV is challenging because of its limited solubility, and its formulation is difficult with common organic solvents and water. To address these issues, four FAV ionic liquids (FAV-ILs) were synthesized as potent antiviral prodrugs and were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The aqueous solubility and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties of the FAV-ILs were also evaluated. The FAV-ILs exhibited improved aqueous solubility by 78 to 125 orders of magnitude when compared with that of free FAV. Upon oral dosing in mice, the absolute bioavailability of the β-alanine ethyl ester FAV formulation was increased 1.9-fold compared with that of the control FAV formulation. The peak blood concentration, elimination half-life, and mean absorption time of FAV were also increased by 1.5-, 2.0-, and 1.5-fold, respectively, compared with the control. Furthermore, the FAV in the FAV-ILs exhibited significantly different biodistribution compared with the control FAV formulation. Interestingly, drug accumulation in the lungs and liver was improved 1.5-fold and 1.3-fold, respectively, compared with the control FAV formulation. These results indicate that the use of ILs exhibits potential as a simple, scalable strategy to improve the solubility and oral absorption of hydrophobic drugs, such as FAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Md Moshikur
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Md Korban Ali
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Rie Wakabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Muhammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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13
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Tsolaki E, Stocker MW, Healy AM, Ferguson S. Formulation of ionic liquid APIs via spray drying processes to enable conversion into single and two-phase solid forms. Int J Pharm 2021; 603:120669. [PMID: 33989753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL) forms of drugs are increasingly being explored to address problems presented by poorly water-soluble drugs and solid-state stability. However, before ILs of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can be routinely incorporated into oral solid dosage forms (OSDs), challenges surrounding their ease of handling and manufacture must be addressed. To this end a framework for transforming API-ILs into solid forms at high loadings based on spray encapsulation using an immiscible polymer has recently been demonstrated. The current work demonstrates that this framework can be applied to a broad range of newly synthesized low glass transition temperature (Tg) API-ILs. Furthermore, the work explores a second novel approach to solidification of API-ILs based on polymer-API-IL miscibility that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously demonstrated. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry (mDSC) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that it was possible to produce spray dried solid materials, at acceptable loadings and yields for OSD applications in the form of both two-phase phase encapsulated systems and single phase amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). This was achieved by the appropriate selection of an API-IL insoluble polymer (ethyl cellulose) for phase separated systems, or a miscible polymer with an exceptionally high Tg (the polysaccharide, maltodextrin) for the ASDs. Both approaches successfully overcame the Tg suppression associated with room temperature ILs. This work represents the first step to understanding the fundamental critical physical attributes of these systems to facilitate a more mechanistic methodology for their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Tsolaki
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; EPSRC-SFI Centre for Doctoral Training in Transformative Pharmaceutical Technologies, Ireland.
| | - Michael W Stocker
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Anne Marie Healy
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Steven Ferguson
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; I-Form, The SFI Research Centre for Advanced Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; National Institute for Bioprocess Research and Training, 24 Foster's Ave, Belfield, Blackrock, Co. Dublin A94 X099, Ireland.
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14
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Tahir MN, Cao Y, Azzouz A, Roy R. Host-guest chemistry of the sulfasalazine-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Lai A, Sahbaz Y, Ford L, Nguyen TH, Haque S, Williams HD, Benameur H, Scammells PJ, Porter CJH. Stabilising disproportionation of lipophilic ionic liquid salts in lipid-based formulations. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120292. [PMID: 33581479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipid based formulations (LBFs) can enhance oral bioavailability, however, their utility may be restricted by low drug loading in the formulation. Converting drugs to drug-ionic liquids (drug-ILs) or lipophilic salts can significantly increase lipid solubility but this approach is complicated in some cases by salt disproportionation, leading to a reduction in solubility and physical instability. Here we explore the physical stability of the weakly basic model drug, cinnarizine (CIN), when paired with a decanoate counterion (Dec) to form the drug-IL, cinnarizine decanoate (CIN.Dec). Consistent with published studies of salt disproportionation in aqueous solution, weakly acidic counterions such as Dec lead to the generation of drug-IL lipid solutions with pHs below pHmax. This leads to CIN deprotonation to the less soluble free base and precipitation. Subsequent studies however, show that these effects can be reversed by acidification of the formulation (either with excess decanoic acid or other lipid soluble acids), stimulating a pH shift to the salt plateau of CIN.Dec and the formation of stable lipid solutions of CIN.Dec. Altering formulation pH to more acidic conditions, therefore stabilises drug-ILs formed using weakly acidic lipophilic counterions, and is a viable method to promote formulation stability via inhibition of disproportionation of some drug-ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lai
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia; Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Yasemin Sahbaz
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia; Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Leigh Ford
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition, Melbourne Australia
| | - Tri-Hung Nguyen
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Shadabul Haque
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Hywel D Williams
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition, Melbourne Australia
| | - Hassan Benameur
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition, Strasbourg, France
| | - Peter J Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia.
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16
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Rzemieniecki T, Kleiber T, Pernak J. Naturally based ionic liquids with indole-3-acetate anions and cations derived from cinchona alkaloids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27530-27540. [PMID: 35480698 PMCID: PMC9037897 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of highly efficient methods and natural raw materials in syntheses of new biologically active substances addresses the current challenges in this area: ensuring the highest possible efficacy at low concentrations and reducing negative environmental impact. In the present study, we applied this strategy to obtain a new group of ionic liquids containing the indole-3-acetate anion, which is a well-known plant growth hormone, and a cation derived from a cinchona alkaloid – quinine or quinidine. A comparison of the derivatization kinetics of both alkaloids was also carried out, and the use of a quaternary quinidine derivative as a source of biologically active ionic liquids is described here for the first time. The structures of the obtained compounds were fully confirmed based on spectral methods. According to analyses of the effects of the obtained compounds on the growth and development of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.), the ionic liquids obtained with indole-3-acetate anions exhibited activity at a concentration of 0.5 mg dm−3, and the length of the alkyl substituent in the alkaloid-derived cation or the chirality of this cation is crucial in determining the biological activity of the compound. In the cases of several salts containing the 1-alkylquininium cation, we recorded significant, beneficial changes in micronutrient content, which directly translated into plant nutritional value, while no signs of phytotoxicity were observed. Analyses of relevant physicochemical properties (e.g., with differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and solubility analysis) as well as microbial toxicity tests were also performed to evaluate the environmental impacts of the products. The promising results of our study indicate significant potential for application of these new ionic liquids derived from cinchona alkaloids. The transformation of a plant hormone into an alkaloid-based ionic liquid results in unique changes in physicochemical and biological properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Rzemieniecki
- Department of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60-965, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kleiber
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Zgorzelecka 4, Poznan 60-198, Poland
| | - Juliusz Pernak
- Department of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60-965, Poland
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17
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Imidazole and Imidazolium Antibacterial Drugs Derived from Amino Acids. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120482. [PMID: 33371256 PMCID: PMC7767166 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of imidazole and imidazolium salts is highly dependent upon their lipophilicity, which can be tuned through the introduction of different hydrophobic substituents on the nitrogen atoms of the imidazole or imidazolium ring of the molecule. Taking this into consideration, we have synthesized and characterized a series of imidazole and imidazolium salts derived from L-valine and L-phenylalanine containing different hydrophobic groups and tested their antibacterial activity against two model bacterial strains, Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive B. subtilis. Importantly, the results demonstrate that the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these derivatives can be tuned to fall close to the cytotoxicity values in eukaryotic cell lines. The MBC value of one of these compounds toward B. subtilis was found to be lower than the IC50 cytotoxicity value for the control cell line, HEK-293. Furthermore, the aggregation behavior of these compounds has been studied in pure water, in cell culture media, and in mixtures thereof, in order to determine if the compounds formed self-assembled aggregates at their bioactive concentrations with the aim of determining whether the monomeric species were in fact responsible for the observed antibacterial activity. Overall, these results indicate that imidazole and imidazolium compounds derived from L-valine and L-phenylalanine—with different alkyl lengths in the amide substitution—can serve as potent antibacterial agents with low cytotoxicity to human cell lines.
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18
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Stocker MW, Healy AM, Ferguson S. Spray Encapsulation as a Formulation Strategy for Drug-Based Room Temperature Ionic Liquids: Exploiting Drug–Polymer Immiscibility to Enable Processing for Solid Dosage Forms. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3412-3424. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Stocker
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anne Marie Healy
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steven Ferguson
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- I-form, The SFI Research Centre for Advanced Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Shamshina JL, Rogers RD. Are Myths and Preconceptions Preventing us from Applying Ionic Liquid Forms of Antiviral Medicines to the Current Health Crisis? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6002. [PMID: 32825444 PMCID: PMC7503643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
At the moment, there are no U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA)-approved drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, although several antiviral drugs are available for repurposing. Many of these drugs suffer from polymorphic transformations with changes in the drug's safety and efficacy; many are poorly soluble, poorly bioavailable drugs. Current tools to reformulate antiviral APIs into safer and more bioavailable forms include pharmaceutical salts and cocrystals, even though it is difficult to classify solid forms into these regulatory-wise mutually exclusive categories. Pure liquid salt forms of APIs, ionic liquids that incorporate APIs into their structures (API-ILs) present all the advantages that salt forms provide from a pharmaceutical standpoint, without being subject to solid-state matter problems. In this perspective article, the myths and the most voiced concerns holding back implementation of API-ILs are examined, and two case studies of API-ILs antivirals (the amphoteric acyclovir and GSK2838232) are presented in detail, with a focus on drug property improvement. We advocate that the industry should consider the advantages of API-ILs which could be the genesis of disruptive innovation and believe that in order for the industry to grow and develop, the industry should be comfortable with a certain element of risk because progress often only comes from trying something different.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- 525 Solutions, Inc., P. O. Box 2206, Tuscaloosa, AL 35403, USA
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20
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Ionic liquids with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium cation as an enhancer for topical drug delivery: Synthesis, characterization, and skin-penetration evaluation. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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21
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Fernández-Stefanuto V, Esteiro P, Santiago R, Moreno D, Palomar J, Tojo E. Design and synthesis of alverine-based ionic liquids to improve drug water solubility. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alverine [3-phenyl-N-(3-phenylpropyl)-N-ethylpropan-1-amine] is a widely known smooth muscle relaxant used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach and intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Esteiro
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Universidade de Vigo
- Marcosende
- As Lagoas
- Vigo-362180
| | - R. Santiago
- Departamento de Química Física aplicada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Campus de Cantoblanco
- C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7
- Madrid 28049
| | - D. Moreno
- Departamento de Química Física aplicada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Campus de Cantoblanco
- C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7
- Madrid 28049
| | - J. Palomar
- Departamento de Química Física aplicada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Campus de Cantoblanco
- C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7
- Madrid 28049
| | - E. Tojo
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Universidade de Vigo
- Marcosende
- As Lagoas
- Vigo-362180
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22
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Zandu SK, Chopra H, Singh I. Ionic Liquids for Therapeutic and Drug Delivery Applications. Curr Drug Res Rev 2020; 12:26-41. [PMID: 31763972 DOI: 10.2174/2589977511666191125103338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionic liquids (ILs) are ionic compounds with highly tunable and remarkable properties which make them an important candidate in multiple domains such as extraction, synthesis, analytics, catalysis, biotechnology, therapeutics as well as pharmaceutical sciences. OBJECTIVE This review systematically highlights the classification, properties and toxicity of ionic liquids. It focuses on exploring the biological activity of ionic liquids, which includes antimicrobial and anticancer property along with an emphasis on the concept of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient- Ionic Liquids (API-ILs) for explaining the emulsifier and solubility enhancement property of ILs. An elaborative discussion on the application of ILs for the development of oral, transdermal and topical drug delivery systems has also been presented with suitable literature support. CONCLUSION Ionic liquids possess exceptional potential in the field of medicine, biology and chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran K Zandu
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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23
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Tay E, Nguyen TH, Ford L, Williams HD, Benameur H, Scammells PJ, Porter CJH. Ionic Liquid Forms of the Antimalarial Lumefantrine in Combination with LFCS Type IIIB Lipid-Based Formulations Preferentially Increase Lipid Solubility, In Vitro Solubilization Behavior and In Vivo Exposure. Pharmaceutics 2019; 12:pharmaceutics12010017. [PMID: 31877828 PMCID: PMC7023222 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid based formulations (LBFs) are commonly employed to enhance the absorption of highly lipophilic, poorly water-soluble drugs. However, the utility of LBFs can be limited by low drug solubility in the formulation. Isolation of ionizable drugs as low melting, lipophilic salts or ionic liquids (ILs) provides one means to enhance drug solubility in LBFs. However, whether different ILs benefit from formulation in different LBFs is largely unknown. In the current studies, lumefantrine was isolated as a number of different lipophilic salt/ionic liquid forms and performance was assessed after formulation in a range of LBFs. The solubility of lumefantrine in LBF was enhanced 2- to 80-fold by isolation as the lumefantrine docusate IL when compared to lumefantrine free base. The increase in drug loading subsequently enhanced concentrations in the aqueous phase of model intestinal fluids during in vitro dispersion and digestion testing of the LBF. To assess in vivo performance, the systemic exposure of lumefantrine docusate after administration in Type II-MCF, IIIB-MCF, IIIB-LCF, and IV formulations was evaluated after oral administration to rats. In vivo exposure was compared to control lipid and aqueous suspension formulations of lumefantrine free base. Lumefantrine docusate in the Type IIIB-LCF showed significantly higher plasma exposure compared to all other formulations (up to 35-fold higher). The data suggest that isolation of a lipid-soluble IL, coupled with an appropriate formulation, is a viable means to increase drug dose in an oral formulation and to enhance exposure of lumefantrine in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Tay
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.T.); (L.F.)
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;
| | - Tri-Hung Nguyen
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;
| | - Leigh Ford
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.T.); (L.F.)
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;
| | - Hywel D. Williams
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;
| | - Hassan Benameur
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition, 67412 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Peter J. Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.T.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence: (P.J.S.); (C.J.H.P.); Tel.: +61-(0)-3-9903-9542 (P.J.S.); +61-(0)-3-9903-9549 (C.J.H.P.)
| | - Christopher J. H. Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Correspondence: (P.J.S.); (C.J.H.P.); Tel.: +61-(0)-3-9903-9542 (P.J.S.); +61-(0)-3-9903-9549 (C.J.H.P.)
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Tang J, Song H, Feng X, Yohannes A, Yao S. Ionic Liquid-Like Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Applications of Ionic Liquids in Medicinal Chemistry: Development, Status and Prospects. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5947-5967. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180605123436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:As a new kind of green media and bioactive compounds with special structure, Ionic Liquids (ILs) are attracting much attention and applied widely in many fields. However, their roles and potential have not been fully recognized by many researchers of medicinal chemistry. Because of obvious differences from other traditional drugs and reagents, their uses and performance together with advantages and disadvantages need to be explored and reviewed in detail.Methods:For a systematic and explicit description of the relationship between ILs and medicinal chemistry, all of the contents were elucidated and summarized in a series of independent parts. In each part, it started from the research background or a conceptual framework and then specific examples were introduced to illustrate the theme. Finally, the important conclusions were drawn and its future was outlooked after the discussion about related key problems appearing in each mentioned research. Meanwhile, methodologies such as empirical analysis, comparison and induction were applied in different sections to exposit our subject.Results:The whole review was composed of five parts, and 148 papers were cited in total. Related basic information of ionic liquids was provided on the basis of representative references, including their concepts and important characters. Then 82 papers outlined ionic liquid-like active pharmaceutical ingredients, which unfolded with their major biological activities (antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm activity, antitumor activity, anticholinesterase activity and so on). Applications of ionic liquids in the synthesis of drugs and pharmaceutical intermediates were elaborated in 92 papers to illustrate the important roles of ILs and their extraordinary properties in this field. Moreover, new technologies (such as immobilization of IL, microwave reaction, solventfree synthesis, microreactor, etc) were introduced for further innovation. Finally, 26 papers were included to expound the status of the IL-assisted derivatization of various natural lead compounds.Conclusion:This review placed emphasis on chemical structures of ILs and their structureactivity relationships in a specific manner, leading to meaningful and valuable related information to some related fields and thus promotes further development and application of various ILs for medicinal chemistry. The deep exploration for key scientific problems is the driving force to propel their theoretical breakthrough and industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hang Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xueting Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Alula Yohannes
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shun Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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25
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Ionic liquids with methotrexate moieties as a potential anticancer prodrug: Synthesis, characterization and solubility evaluation. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Williams HD, Ford L, Igonin A, Shan Z, Botti P, Morgen MM, Hu G, Pouton CW, Scammells PJ, Porter CJH, Benameur H. Unlocking the full potential of lipid-based formulations using lipophilic salt/ionic liquid forms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 142:75-90. [PMID: 31150666 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations (LBF) are widely used by industry and accepted by the regulatory authorities for oral drug delivery in the pharmaceutical and consumer healthcare market. Innovation in the LBF field is however needed in order to meet the demands of modern drugs, their more challenging problem statements and growing needs for achieving optimal pharmacokinetics (i.e., no food-effects, low variability) on approval. This review describes a new lipophilic salt / ionic liquid approach in combination with LBF, and how this salt strategy can be used to better tailor the properties of a drug to LBFs. The potential advantages of lipophilic salts are discussed in the context of dose escalation studies during toxicological evaluation, reducing the pill burden, increasing drug absorption of new drugs and in life-cycle management. Commentary on lipophilic salt synthesis, scale-up, LBF design and the regulatory aspects are also provided. These topics are discussed in the broad context of bringing the widely recognized advantages of LBFs to a broader spectrum of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hywel D Williams
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leigh Ford
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annabel Igonin
- Pharmaceutical Product Development, Lonza, Ploërmel, France
| | - Zhenhua Shan
- Chemistry, Research & Development, Lonza, Nansha, China
| | - Paolo Botti
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Guixian Hu
- Research & Technology, Lonza, Visp, Switzerland
| | - Colin W Pouton
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Peter J Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Hassan Benameur
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Strasbourg, France.
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28
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Li K, Titi HM, Berton P, Rogers RD. Porphyrinic Ionic Liquid Dyes: Synthesis and Characterization. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:659-663. [PMID: 30155400 PMCID: PMC6110049 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Four porphyrinic ionic liquids and four higher melting salts (>100 °C) were synthesized as potential photosensitizers from highly symmetric porphyrins by introducing alkyl chains and exchanging anions to tune their solubility and singlet oxygen generation capability. Among the synthesized compounds was 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-dodecylpyridinum)porphyrin tetrakis-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-amide, a room-temperature ionic liquid that could be crystallized as a solvate with nitrobenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University801 Sherbrooke St. WestMontrealQC H3A 0B8Canada
- College of Arts & SciencesThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA
| | - Hatem M. Titi
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University801 Sherbrooke St. WestMontrealQC H3A 0B8Canada
| | - Paula Berton
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University801 Sherbrooke St. WestMontrealQC H3A 0B8Canada
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering DepartmentUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University801 Sherbrooke St. WestMontrealQC H3A 0B8Canada
- 525 Solutions, Inc.720 2nd StreetTuscaloosaAL35401USA
- College of Arts & SciencesThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA
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29
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Sahbaz Y, Nguyen TH, Ford L, McEvoy CL, Williams HD, Scammells PJ, Porter CJH. Ionic Liquid Forms of Weakly Acidic Drugs in Oral Lipid Formulations: Preparation, Characterization, in Vitro Digestion, and in Vivo Absorption Studies. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3669-3683. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Sahbaz
- Drug
Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tri-Hung Nguyen
- Drug
Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | - Claire L. McEvoy
- Drug
Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hywel D. Williams
- Capsugel R&D Australia, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | - Christopher J. H. Porter
- Drug
Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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30
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Zhu Y, Hosmane NS. Ionic Liquids: Recent Advances and Applications in Boron Chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghuai Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Northern Illinois University; 60115 DeKalb Illinois USA
| | - Narayan S. Hosmane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Northern Illinois University; 60115 DeKalb Illinois USA
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31
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Shamshina J, Cojocaru OA, Kelley SP, Bica K, Wallace SP, Gurau G, Rogers RD. Acyclovir as an Ionic Liquid Cation or Anion Can Improve Aqueous Solubility. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:3483-3493. [PMID: 31457670 PMCID: PMC6640931 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Six ionic liquid (IL)-forming ions (choline, tetrabutylphosphonium, tetrabutylammonium, and trimethylhexadecylammonium cations, and chloride and docusate anions) were paired with acyclovir as the counterion to form four low melting solid salts and two waxes; five of these compounds could be classified as ILs. All of the newly synthesized acyclovir ILs exhibited increased aqueous solubilities by at least 2 orders of magnitude when compared to that of neutral acyclovir. For three of the prepared compounds, the solubilities in simulated body fluids (phosphate-buffered saline, simulated gastric, and simulated intestinal fluids) were also greatly enhanced when compared to that of neutral acyclovir. Acyclovir in its anionic form was more water- or buffer-soluble than acyclovir in its cationic form, though this might be the effect of the particular ions, indicating that the solubilities can be finely tuned by proper choice of the cationic or anionic form of acyclovir and the counterion paired with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia
L. Shamshina
- 525
Solutions, Inc., 720
2nd Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - O. Andreea Cojocaru
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Steven P. Kelley
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Katharina Bica
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sergey P. Wallace
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Gabriela Gurau
- 525
Solutions, Inc., 720
2nd Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- 525
Solutions, Inc., 720
2nd Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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32
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Morgen M, Saxena A, Chen XQ, Miller W, Nkansah R, Goodwin A, Cape J, Haskell R, Su C, Gudmundsson O, Hageman M, Kumar A, Chowan GS, Rao A, Holenarsipur VK. Lipophilic salts of poorly soluble compounds to enable high-dose lipidic SEDDS formulations in drug discovery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 117:212-223. [PMID: 28438550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) have been used to solubilize poorly water-soluble drugs to improve exposure in high-dose pharmacokinetic (PK) and toxicokinetic (TK) studies. However, the absorbable dose is often limited by drug solubility in the lipidic SEDDS vehicle. This study focuses on increasing solubility and drug loading of ionizable drugs in SEDDS vehicles using lipophilic counterions to prepare lipophilic salts of drugs. SEDDS formulations of two lipophilic salts-atazanavir-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ATV-2-NSA) and atazanavir-dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid (ATV-Doc)-were characterized and their performance compared to atazanavir (ATV) free base formulated as an aqueous crystalline suspension, an organic solution, and a SEDDS suspension, using in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods. ATV-2-NSA exhibited ∼6-fold increased solubility in a SEDDS vehicle, allowing emulsion dosing at 12mg/mL. In rat PK studies at 60mg/kg, the ATV-2-NSA SEDDS emulsion had comparable exposure to the free-base solution, but with less variability, and had better exposure at high dose than aqueous suspensions of ATV free base. Trends in dose-dependent exposure for various formulations were consistent with GastroPlus™ modeling. Results suggest use of lipophilic salts is a valuable approach for delivering poorly soluble compounds at high doses in Discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Morgen
- Bend Research Inc., a division of Capsugel, 64550 Research Road, Bend, OR 97703, USA.
| | - Ajay Saxena
- Biopharmaceutics, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Centre (BBRC), Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Xue-Qing Chen
- Discovery Pharmaceutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb USA, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Route 206, Province Line Road P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Warren Miller
- Bend Research Inc., a division of Capsugel, 64550 Research Road, Bend, OR 97703, USA
| | - Richard Nkansah
- Bend Research Inc., a division of Capsugel, 64550 Research Road, Bend, OR 97703, USA
| | - Aaron Goodwin
- Bend Research Inc., a division of Capsugel, 64550 Research Road, Bend, OR 97703, USA
| | - Jon Cape
- Bend Research Inc., a division of Capsugel, 64550 Research Road, Bend, OR 97703, USA
| | - Roy Haskell
- Discovery Pharmaceutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Bristol-Myers Squibb USA, 5 Research Pkwy, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Ching Su
- Discovery Pharmaceutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb USA, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Route 206, Province Line Road P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Olafur Gudmundsson
- Discovery Pharmaceutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb USA, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Route 206, Province Line Road P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Michael Hageman
- Discovery Pharmaceutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb USA, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Route 206, Province Line Road P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Centre (BBRC), Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Gajendra Singh Chowan
- Biopharmaceutics, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Centre (BBRC), Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Abhijith Rao
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Centre (BBRC), Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Vinay K Holenarsipur
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Centre (BBRC), Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Bangalore 560099, India
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33
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Martins ICB, Oliveira MC, Diogo HP, Branco LC, Duarte MT. MechanoAPI-ILs: Pharmaceutical Ionic Liquids Obtained through Mechanochemical Synthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1360-1363. [PMID: 28199779 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An alternative, efficient, and green synthetic strategy for the preparation of pharmaceutical ionic liquids using mechanochemistry (MechanoAPI-ILs) is reported. Six new API-ILs based on gabapentin and l-glutamic acid were successfully synthesized and characterized, demonstrating that mechanochemistry is a very promising synthetic strategy. Results compare both the new and the classical approach and clearly show the advantages of the new method. This new technique is faster, solvent free, reproducible, selective, and leads to higher yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C B Martins
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Conceição Oliveira
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hermínio P Diogo
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís C Branco
- REQUIMTE-LAQV-Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - M Teresa Duarte
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
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34
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Egorova KS, Gordeev EG, Ananikov VP. Biological Activity of Ionic Liquids and Their Application in Pharmaceutics and Medicine. Chem Rev 2017; 117:7132-7189. [PMID: 28125212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 902] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are remarkable chemical compounds, which find applications in many areas of modern science. Because of their highly tunable nature and exceptional properties, ionic liquids have become essential players in the fields of synthesis and catalysis, extraction, electrochemistry, analytics, biotechnology, etc. Apart from physical and chemical features of ionic liquids, their high biological activity has been attracting significant attention from biochemists, ecologists, and medical scientists. This Review is dedicated to biological activities of ionic liquids, with a special emphasis on their potential employment in pharmaceutics and medicine. The accumulated data on the biological activity of ionic liquids, including their antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties, are discussed in view of possible applications in drug synthesis and drug delivery systems. Dedicated attention is given to a novel active pharmaceutical ingredient-ionic liquid (API-IL) concept, which suggests using traditional drugs in the form of ionic liquid species. The main aim of this Review is to attract a broad audience of chemical, biological, and medical scientists to study advantages of ionic liquid pharmaceutics. Overall, the discussed data highlight the importance of the research direction defined as "Ioliomics", studies of ions in liquids in modern chemistry, biology, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S Egorova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G Gordeev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Stary Petergof 198504, Russia
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35
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Zavgorodnya O, Shamshina JL, Mittenthal M, McCrary PD, Rachiero GP, Titi HM, Rogers RD. Polyethylene glycol derivatization of the non-active ion in active pharmaceutical ingredient ionic liquids enhances transdermal delivery. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03709g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Introducing PEGylated moieties into the counterion structure of API–ILs can significantly enhance the transport through a membrane without a solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Max Mittenthal
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Alabama
- Tuscaloosa
- USA
| | | | | | - Hatem M. Titi
- Department of Chemistry
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Alabama
- Tuscaloosa
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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36
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Dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin/salazosulfapyridine inclusion complex-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for sustained release. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 156:215-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Feeney OM, Crum MF, McEvoy CL, Trevaskis NL, Williams HD, Pouton CW, Charman WN, Bergström CA, Porter CJ. 50years of oral lipid-based formulations: Provenance, progress and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 101:167-194. [PMID: 27089810 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipid based formulations (LBF) provide well proven opportunities to enhance the oral absorption of drugs and drug candidates that sit close to, or beyond, the boundaries of Lipinski's 'rule-of-five' chemical space. Advantages in permeability, efflux and presystemic metabolism are evident; however, the primary benefit is in increases in dissolution and apparent intestinal solubility for lipophilic, poorly water soluble drugs. This review firstly details the inherent advantages of LBF, their general properties and classification, and provides a brief retrospective assessment of the development of LBF over the past fifty years. More detailed analysis of the ability of LBF to promote intestinal solubilisation, supersaturation and absorption is then provided alongside review of the methods employed to assess formulation performance. Critical review of the ability of simple dispersion and more complex in vitro digestion methods to predict formulation performance subsequently reveals marked differences in the correlative ability of in vitro tests, depending on the properties of the drug involved. Notably, for highly permeable low melting drugs e.g. fenofibrate, LBF appear to provide significant benefit in all cases, and sustained ongoing solubilisation may not be required. In other cases, and particularly for higher melting point drugs such as danazol, where re-dissolution of crystalline precipitate drug is likely to be slow, correlations with ongoing solubilisation and supersaturation are more evident. In spite of their potential benefits, one limitation to broader use of LBF is low drug solubility in the excipients employed to generate formulations. Techniques to increase drug lipophilicity and lipid solubility are therefore explored, and in particular those methods that provide for temporary enhancement including lipophilic ionic liquid and prodrug technologies. The transient nature of these lipophilicity increases enhances lipid solubility and LBF viability, but precludes enduring effects on receptor promiscuity and off target toxicity. Finally, recent efforts to generate solid LBF are briefly described as a means to circumvent the need to encapsulate in soft or hard gelatin capsules, although the latter remain popular with consumers and a proven means of LBF delivery.
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38
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39
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Furukawa SY, Hattori G, Sakai S, Kamiya N. Highly efficient and low toxic skin penetrants composed of amino acid ionic liquids. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16926k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we introduce an amino acid ester (AAE) as a potent biocompatible counter ion to formulate ionic liquefied active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ya Furukawa
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc
- Kawasaki-shi
- Japan
| | - Gaku Hattori
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc
- Kawasaki-shi
- Japan
| | - Shinji Sakai
- Department of Materials Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Engineering Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Division of Biotechnology
- Center for Future Chemistry
- Kyushu University
- Nishi-ku
- Japan
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40
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Adawiyah N, Moniruzzaman M, Hawatulaila S, Goto M. Ionic liquids as a potential tool for drug delivery systems. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00358c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industries face a series of challenges in the delivery of many newly developed drug molecules because of their low solubility, bioavailability, stability and polymorphic conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorul Adawiyah
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL)
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar
- Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Moniruzzaman
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL)
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar
- Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar
| | - Siti Hawatulaila
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL)
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar
- Malaysia
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Deaprtment of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
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