1
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Li JJ, Liu Z, Guan ZJ, Han XS, Shi WQ, Wang QM. A 59-Electron Non-Magic-Number Gold Nanocluster Au 99(C≡CR) 40 Showing Unexpectedly High Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:690-694. [PMID: 34994558 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An atomically resolved gold nanocluster Au99(C≡CC6H3-2,4-F2)40 (Au99) with an unusual 59 valence electrons has been synthesized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that its Au79 kernel is a Au49 Marks decahedron capped by two Au15 units. The surface structure of Au99 consists of 20 linear Au(C≡CR)2 staples. Intercluster interactions are observed between these D5 symmetric clusters. The existence of an unpaired electron is verified by magnetic measurement. Interestingly, this open-shell gold cluster Au99 stays intact in toluene solution at 80 °C for more than a week, and it has good charging-discharging capability under electrochemical conditions. The compact ligand shell protection around the symmetric core accounts for the high stability. This work suggests that geometric factors may play a crucial role in determining the stability of a metal nanocluster, even though the cluster has an open-shell electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liangxiang Campus, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Shuang Han
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Qi Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Quan-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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2
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Zhu Q, Huang X, Zeng Y, Sun K, Zhou L, Liu Y, Luo L, Tian S, Sun X. Controllable synthesis and electrocatalytic applications of atomically precise gold nanoclusters. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:6330-6341. [PMID: 36133485 PMCID: PMC9417523 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00514f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoclusters are composed of metal atoms and ligands with sizes up to 2-3 nm. Due to their stability and unique structure, gold nanoclusters with precise atomic numbers have been widely studied. Until now, atomically precise gold nanoclusters have been synthesised by various methods. Common ones include the Brust-Schiffrin method and the size-focusing method. With more detailed research on gold nanoclusters, more novel methods have been adopted to synthesise atomically precise gold nanoclusters, such as anti-galvanic reduction, ligand-exchange reactions from metal nanoclusters, the seed growth method, and so on. Besides, the nanoclusters also have many unique properties in electrochemical catalyses, such as the ORR, OER, etc., which are helpful for the development of the energy and environment. In this review, the synthesis methods and electrochemical applications of atomically accurate gold nanoclusters in recent years are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yunchu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Linlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yuying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Liang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Shubo Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
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3
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Zhang M, Shao S, Yue H, Wang X, Zhang W, Chen F, Zheng L, Xing J, Qin Y. High Stability Au NPs: From Design to Application in Nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6067-6094. [PMID: 34511906 PMCID: PMC8418318 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s322900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Au-based nanomaterials are widely used in nanomedicine and biosensors due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, these applications require Au NPs to have excellent stability in different environments, such as extreme pH, high temperature, high concentration ions, and various biomatrix. To meet the requirement of multiple applications, many synthetic substances and natural products are used to prepare highly stable Au NPs. Because of this, we aim at offering an update comprehensive summary of preparation high stability Au NPs. In addition, we discuss its application in nanomedicine. The contents of this review are based on a balanced combination of our studies and selected research studies done by worldwide academic groups. First, we address some critical methods for preparing highly stable Au NPs using polymers, including heterocyclic substances, polyethylene glycols, amines, and thiol, then pay attention to natural product progress Au NPs. Then, we sum up the stability of various Au NPs in different stored times, ions solution, pH, temperature, and biomatrix. Finally, the application of Au NPs in nanomedicine, such as drug delivery, bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), clinical diagnosis, nanozyme, and radiotherapy (RT), was addressed concentratedly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwei Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuxuan Shao
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haitao Yue
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zheng
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Xing
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Qin
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Tameike M, Niidome T, Niidome Y, Kurawaki J. Novel Photoluminescent Gold Complexes Prepared at Octanethiol–Water Interfaces: Control of Optical Properties by Addition of Silver Ions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mio Tameike
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuro Niidome
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Junichi Kurawaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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5
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Pillay MN, van Zyl WE, Liu CW. A construction guide for high-nuclearity (≥50 metal atoms) coinage metal clusters at the nanoscale: bridging molecular precise constructs with the bulk material phase. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:24331-24348. [PMID: 33300525 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05632d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis remains a major strength in chemistry and materials science and relies on the formation of new molecules and diverse forms of matter. The construction and identification of large molecules poses specific challenges and has historically lain in the realm of biological (organic)-type molecules with evolved synthesis methods to support such endeavours. But with the development of analytical tools such as X-ray crystallography, new synthesis methods toward large metal-based (inorganic) molecules and clusters have come to the fore, making it possible to accurately determine the precise distribution of hundreds of atoms in large clusters. In this review, we focus on different synthesis protocols used to form new metal clusters such as templating, alloying and size-focusing strategies. A specific focus is on group 11 metals (Cu, Ag, Au) as they currently predominate large metal cluster investigations and related Au and Ag bulk surface phenomena. This review focuses on metal clusters that have very high-nuclearity, i.e. with 50 or more metal centers within the isolated cluster. This size domain, it is believed, will become increasingly important for a variety of applications as these metal clusters are positioned at the interface between the molecular and bulk phases, whilst remaining a classic nanomaterial and retaining unique nano-sized properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Pillay
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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6
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Jin R, Li G, Sharma S, Li Y, Du X. Toward Active-Site Tailoring in Heterogeneous Catalysis by Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters with Crystallographic Structures. Chem Rev 2020; 121:567-648. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Gao Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Sachil Sharma
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xiangsha Du
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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7
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Shi Q, Qin Z, Yu C, Liu S, Xu H, Li G. Pyridine as a trigger in transformation chemistry from Au 144(SR) 60 to aromatic thiolate-ligated gold clusters. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:4982-4987. [PMID: 32057063 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10522k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transformation chemistry is a systematic methodology for achieving new atomically precise gold nanoclusters with specific physical and chemical properties. In this work, we have developed a new synthetic approach to prepare an aromatic thiolate-capped Au38(SNap)24 nanocluster via ligand exchange, size and structure transformation from the aliphatic thiolate-capped Au144(SC6H13)60 parent clusters triggered by the addition of a pyridine additive in the presence of excess 2-naphthalenethiol at thermal conditions (80 °C for 6 h). The Au38(SNap)24 nanoclusters have been well characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The transformation pathway from Au144(SC6H13)60 to Au36(SNap)24 and Au38(SNap)24 undergoes different conversion pathways tailored by the pyridine additive in the etching system. Furthermore, the catalytic activity and selectivity of the Au cluster are largely influenced by the chemical nature of the protecting thiolate ligands in the Ullmann hetero-coupling reaction of iodobenzene and nitroiodobenzene. The aromatic ligands result in not only higher conversion but also remarkable increase in the selectivity toward the hetero-coupling product. The study provides new hints for the design and synthesis of new gold nanoclusters in transformation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Shi
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Zhaoxian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Changlin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Process and Control, Guangdong Province, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Yang X, Yang Z, Tang F, Xu J, Zhang M, Choi MMF. Structural and optical properties of penicillamine-protected gold nanocluster fractions separated by sequential size-selective fractionation. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:955-966. [PMID: 31165022 PMCID: PMC6541327 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polydisperse water-soluble gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) protected by penicillamine have been synthesized in this work. The sequential size-selective precipitation (SSSP) technique has been applied for the size fractionation and purification of the monolayer-protected AuNCs. Through continuously adding acetone to a crude AuNC aqueous solution and controlling the volume percentage of acetone, we successfully separated the polydisperse AuNCs with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 5.4 nm into four different fractions sequentially. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) shows that the four fractions are well-dispersed spherical particles of diameter 3.0 ± 0.6, 2.3 ± 0.5, 1.7 ± 0.4, and 1.2 ± 0.4 nm. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy suggests that disulfide, excess ligands and gold(I) complexes were removed from the AuNCs fractions. These results demonstrate the considerable potential of the SSSP technique for size-based separation and purification of AuNCs, achieving not only the isolation of larger nanoclusters (NCs) from small NCs in a continuous fashion, but also for the removal of small-molecule impurities. Based on the results from the mass spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis, the average composition of the four fractions can be represented by Au38(SR)18, Au28(SR)15, Au18(SR)12, and Au11(SR)8, respectively. This indicates that the SSSP separation is mainly dependent on the core size and the ratio of Au atoms to ligands of AuNCs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has also been applied to observe the molecular dependence on the gold and sulfur chemical state of organosulfur monolayers of the fractions. The photoluminescence spectra of these AuNCs in the range of 900-790 nm was investigated at room temperature. The results show that the peak emission energy of the size-selected AuNCs undergoes a blue shift when the size is decreased, which can be attributed to the quantum confinement effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiupei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Zhengli Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Fenglin Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Maoxue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Martin M F Choi
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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9
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Highly Efficient Synthesis of Au130(SPh-Br)50 Nanocluster. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-8027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Higaki T, Liu C, Zhou M, Luo TY, Rosi NL, Jin R. Tailoring the Structure of 58-Electron Gold Nanoclusters: Au103S2(S-Nap)41 and Its Implications. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:9994-10001. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Higaki
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Chong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Tian-Yi Luo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Nathaniel L. Rosi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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11
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Li Z, Liu C, Abroshan H, Kauffman DR, Li G. Au38S2(SAdm)20 Photocatalyst for One-Step Selective Aerobic Oxidations. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Li
- Gold
Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Gold
Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hadi Abroshan
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Douglas R. Kauffman
- National
Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Gao Li
- Gold
Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Jin R, Zeng C, Zhou M, Chen Y. Atomically Precise Colloidal Metal Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles: Fundamentals and Opportunities. Chem Rev 2016; 116:10346-413. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1953] [Impact Index Per Article: 244.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Chenjie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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13
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Recent advances in the synthesis and catalytic applications of ligand-protected, atomically precise metal nanoclusters. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Chen Y, Wang J, Liu C, Li Z, Li G. Kinetically controlled synthesis of Au102(SPh)44 nanoclusters and catalytic application. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:10059-10065. [PMID: 26758553 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08338a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We here explore a kinetically controlled synthetic protocol for preparing solvent-solvable Au102(SPh)44 nanoclusters which are isolated from polydispersed gold nanoclusters by solvent extraction and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The as-obtained Au102(SPh)44 nanoclusters are determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, in conjunction with UV-vis spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). However, Au99(SPh)42, instead of Au102(SPh)44, is yielded when the polydispersed gold nanoclusters are etched in the presence of excess thiophenol under thermal conditions (e.g., 80 °C). Interestingly, the Au102(SPh)44 nanoclusters also can convert to Au99(SPh)42 with equivalent thiophenol ligands, evidenced by the analyses of UV-vis and MALDI mass spectrometry. Finally, the TiO2-supported Au102(SPh)44 nanocluster catalyst is investigated in the selective oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides by the PhIO oxidant and gives rise to high catalytic activity (e.g., 80-99% conversion of R-S-R' sulfides with 96-99% selectivity for R-S([double bond, length as m-dash]O)-R' sulfoxides). The Au102(SPh)44/TiO2 catalyst also shows excellent recyclability in the sulfoxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Chen
- The Center of New Energy Materials and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
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15
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Charchar P, Christofferson AJ, Todorova N, Yarovsky I. Understanding and Designing the Gold-Bio Interface: Insights from Simulations. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:2395-418. [PMID: 27007031 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are an integral part of many exciting and novel biomedical applications, sparking the urgent need for a thorough understanding of the physicochemical interactions occurring between these inorganic materials, their functional layers, and the biological species they interact with. Computational approaches are instrumental in providing the necessary molecular insight into the structural and dynamic behavior of the Au-bio interface with spatial and temporal resolutions not yet achievable in the laboratory, and are able to facilitate a rational approach to AuNP design for specific applications. A perspective of the current successes and challenges associated with the multiscale computational treatment of Au-bio interfacial systems, from electronic structure calculations to force field methods, is provided to illustrate the links between different approaches and their relationship to experiment and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Charchar
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | | | - Nevena Todorova
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Irene Yarovsky
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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16
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Yang X, Bao M, Huang J, Shen W. Controlled synthesis of pure Au25(2-Nap)18 and Au36(2-Nap)24 nanoclusters from 2-(diphenylphosphino)pyridine protected Au nanoclusters. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22216a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The controlled synthesis of pure Au25(2-Nap)18 and Au36(2-Nap)24 nanoclusters were realized via etching 2-(diphenylphosphino)pyride protected polydispersed Au nanoclusters with the mass of 1 kDa to 3 kDa at 80 °C and 50 °C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
| | - Chao Liu
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Ming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Wenjie Shen
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
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17
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Lin J, Li W, Liu C, Huang P, Zhu M, Ge Q, Li G. One-phase controlled synthesis of Au25 nanospheres and nanorods from 1.3 nm Au : PPh3 nanoparticles: the ligand effects. NANOSCALE 2015. [PMID: 26213805 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02638e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the controlled synthesis of [Au25(PPh3)10(SR1)5X2](2+) nanorods (H-SR1: alkyl thiol, H-SC2H4Ph and H-S(n-C6H13)) and Au25(SR2)18 nanospheres (H-SR2: aromatic thiol, H-SPh and H-SNap) under the one-phase thiol etching reaction of the polydisperse Aun(PPh3)m parent-particles (core diameter: 1.3 ± 0.4 nm, 20 < n < 50). These as-obtained gold nanoclusters are identified by UV-vis spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the conversion process, from Aun(PPh3)m nanoparticles to Au25(SNap)18 nanospheres, is monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy. It is observed that the Au25(PPh3)10(SR1)5X2 nanorods cannot convert to Au25(SR)18 nanospheres in the presence of excess thiol (both the alkyl and aromatic thiol) even under thermal conditions (e.g., 55 and 80 °C), indicating that both the Au25 nanorods and nanospheres are in a stable state during the alkyl and aromatic thiol etching reactions, respectively. The two different conversion pathways (i.e., to Au25(PPh3)10(SR1)5X2 nanorods and Au25(SR2)18 nanospheres) mainly are attributed to the different electronic properties and the steric effects of the alkyl and aromatic thiol ligands. The significant ligand effect also is observed in catalytic CO oxidation. The Au25(SC2H4Ph)18/CeO2 catalyst shows catalytic activity at 80 °C and reaches up to 80.7% and 98.5% (based on CO conversion) at 100 and 150 °C, while Au25(SNap)18/CeO2 and Au25(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5X2/CeO2 give rise to a low activity at 100 °C with only 3.3% and 10.2% CO conversion and 98.0% and 94.6% at 150 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis & Gold Catalysis Researcher Centre, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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