1
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Hurtado-Gallego J, van der Poel S, Blaschke M, Gallego A, Hsu C, López-Nebreda R, Mayor M, Pauly F, Agraït N, van der Zant HSJ. Benchmarking break-junction techniques: electric and thermoelectric characterization of naphthalenophanes. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10751-10759. [PMID: 38747099 PMCID: PMC11154865 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00704b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Break-junction techniques provide the possibility to study electric and thermoelectric properties of single-molecule junctions in great detail. These techniques rely on the same principle of controllably breaking metallic contacts in order to create single-molecule junctions, whilst keeping track of the junction's conductance. Here, we compare results from mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) and scanning tunneling microscope (STM) methods, while characterizing conductance properties of the same novel mechanosensitive para- and meta-connected naphtalenophane compounds. In addition, thermopower measurements are carried out for both compounds using the STM break junction (STM-BJ) technique. For the conductance experiments, the same data processing using a clustering analysis is performed. We obtain to a large extent similar results for both methods, although values of conductance and stretching lengths for the STM-BJ technique are slightly larger in comparison with the MCBJ. STM-BJ thermopower experiments show similar Seebeck coefficients for both compounds. An increase in the Seebeck coefficient is revealed, whilst the conductance decreases, after which it saturates at around 10 μV K-1. This phenomenon is studied theoretically using a tight binding model. It shows that changes of molecule-electrode electronic couplings combined with shifts of the resonance energies explain the correlated behavior of conductance and Seebeck coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hurtado-Gallego
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sebastiaan van der Poel
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Matthias Blaschke
- Institute of Physics and Center for Advanced Analytics and Predictive Sciences, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Almudena Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Chunwei Hsu
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Rubén López-Nebreda
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
- Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510274, P. R. China
| | - Fabian Pauly
- Institute of Physics and Center for Advanced Analytics and Predictive Sciences, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales 'Nicolás Cabrera' (INC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
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2
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Oz A, Nitzan A, Hod O, Peralta JE. Electron Dynamics in Open Quantum Systems: The Driven Liouville-von Neumann Methodology within Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:7496-7504. [PMID: 37852250 PMCID: PMC10653109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A first-principles approach to describe electron dynamics in open quantum systems driven far from equilibrium via external time-dependent stimuli is introduced. Within this approach, the driven Liouville-von Neumann methodology is used to impose open boundary conditions on finite model systems whose dynamics is described using time-dependent density functional theory. As a proof of concept, the developed methodology is applied to simple spin-compensated model systems, including a hydrogen chain and a graphitic molecular junction. Good agreement between steady-state total currents obtained via direct propagation and those obtained from the self-consistent solution of the corresponding Sylvester equation indicates the validity of the implementation. The capability of the new computational approach to analyze, from first principles, non-equilibrium dynamics of open quantum systems in terms of temporally and spatially resolved current densities is demonstrated. Future extensions of the approach toward the description of dynamical magnetization and decoherence effects are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Oz
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, the Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, and the Sackler Center for Computational
Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, the Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, and the Sackler Center for Computational
Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, United States
| | - Oded Hod
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, the Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, and the Sackler Center for Computational
Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Juan E. Peralta
- Department
of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
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3
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Porsev VV, Evarestov RA. Current State of Computational Modeling of Nanohelicenes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2295. [PMID: 37630880 PMCID: PMC10458037 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This review considers the works that focus on various aspects of the theoretical description of nanohelicenes (other equivalent names are graphene spirals, graphene helicoid, helical graphene nanoribbon, or helical graphene)-a promising class of one-dimensional nanostructures. The intrinsic helical topology and continuous π-system lead to the manifestation of unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties that are also highly dependent on axial and torsion strains. In this paper, it was shown that the properties of nanohelicenes are mainly associated with the peripheral modification of the nanohelicene ribbon. We have proposed a nomenclature that enables the classification of all nanohelicenes as modifications of some prototype classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly V. Porsev
- Quantum Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State University, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Robert A. Evarestov
- Quantum Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State University, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
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4
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Kiel GR, Bergman HM, Samkian AE, Schuster NJ, Handford RC, Rothenberger AJ, Gomez-Bombarelli R, Nuckolls C, Tilley TD. Expanded [23]-Helicene with Exceptional Chiroptical Properties via an Iterative Ring-Fusion Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23421-23427. [PMID: 36525313 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Expanded helicenes are an emerging class of helical nanocarbons composed of alternating linear and angularly fused rings, which give rise to an internal cavity and a large diameter. The latter is expected to impart exceptional chiroptical properties, but low enantiomerization free energy barriers (ΔG‡e) have largely precluded experimental interrogation of this prediction. Here, we report the syntheses of expanded helicenes containing 15, 19, and 23 rings on the inner helical circuit, using two iterations of an Ir-catalyzed, site-selective [2 + 2 + 2] reaction. This series of compounds displays a linear relationship between the number of rings and ΔG‡e. The expanded [23]-helicene, which is 7 rings longer than any known single carbohelicene and among the longest known all-carbon ladder oligomers, exhibits a ΔG‡e that is high enough (29.2 ± 0.1 kcal/mol at 100 °C in o-DCB) to halt enantiomerization at ambient temperature. This enabled the isolation of enantiopure samples displaying circular dichroism dissymmetry factors of ±0.056 at 428 nm, which are ≥1.7× larger than values for previously reported classical and expanded helicenes. Computational investigations suggest that this improved performance is the result of both the increased diameter and length of the [23]-helicene, providing guiding design principles for high dissymmetry molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin R Kiel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Harrison M Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Adrian E Samkian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nathaniel J Schuster
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Rex C Handford
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - August J Rothenberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rafael Gomez-Bombarelli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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5
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Bhattacharya R, Maiti SK. Role of inter-electrode coupling on thermoelectricity in an interferometric geometry: a new proposition. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:475304. [PMID: 36179701 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac96bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Efficient thermoelectric (TE) energy conversion is one of the most desirable solutions of our current day energy crisis. Exploiting the effect of quantum interference among electronic waves, in this work we propose a prescription of getting high TE efficiency, the so-calledfigure of merit(ZT), considering an interferometric geometry where a loop conductor is clamped between two heat baths. Unlike conventional junction configurations, we introduce an additional path for electron transfer directly from source to drain, due to their close proximity. The interplay between different paths leads to an enhancedZT(ZT > 1). Moreover, the efficiency can be further regulated by tuning the inter-electrode coupling. The effects of magnetic flux threaded by the ring and disorder are also discussed. Our proposed prescription may lead to a new route of designing tunable TE devices at nanoscale level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjini Bhattacharya
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Santanu K Maiti
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata 700108, India
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6
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Park S, Jo JW, Jang J, Ohto T, Tada H, Yoon HJ. Thermopower in Transition from Tunneling to Hopping. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7682-7689. [PMID: 36067367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Seebeck effect of a molecular junction in a hopping regime or tunneling-to-hopping transition remains uncertain. This paper describes the Seebeck effect in molecular epitaxy films (OPIn where n = 1-9) based on imine condensation between an aryl amine and aldehyde and investigates how the Seebeck coefficient (S, μV/K) varies at the crossover region. The S value of OPIn linearly increased with increasing the molecular length (d, nm), ranging from 7.2 to 38.0 μV/K. The increasing rate changed from 0.99 to 0.38 μV·K-1 Å-1 at d = 3.4 nm (OPI4). Combined experimental and theoretical studies indicated that such a change stems from a tunneling-to-hopping transition, and the small but detectable length-dependence of thermopower in the long molecules originates from the gradual reduction of the tunneling contribution to the broadening of molecular orbital energy level, rather than its relative position to the Fermi level. Our work helps to bridge the gap between bulk and nanoscale thermoelectric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jiung Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Tatsuhiko Ohto
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tada
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hyo Jae Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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7
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Gulevskaya AV, Tonkoglazova DI. Alkyne‐based syntheses of carbo‐ and heterohelicenes. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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8
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Dinpajooh M, Nitzan A. Heat conduction in polymer chains: Effect of substrate on the thermal conductance. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:144901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0087163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In standard molecular junctions, a molecular structure is placed between and connected to metal leads. Understanding how mechanical tuning in such molecular junctions can change heat conductance has interesting applications in nanoscale energy transport. In this work, we use nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to address the effect of stretching on the phononic contribution to the heat conduction of molecular junctions consisting of single long-chain alkanes and various metal leads, such as Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, and Pt. The thermal conductance of such junctions is found to be much smaller than the intrinsic thermal conductance of the polymer and significantly depends on the nature of metal leads as expressed by the metal–molecule coupling and metal vibrational density of states. This behavior is expected and reflects the mismatch of phonon spectra at the metal molecule interfaces. As a function of stretching, we find a behavior similar to what was observed earlier [M. Dinpajooh and A. Nitzan, J. Chem. Phys. 153, 164903 (2020)] for pure polymeric structures. At relatively short electrode distances, where the polyethylene chains are compressed, it is found that the thermal conductances of the molecular junctions remain almost constant as one stretches the polymer chains. At critical electrode distances, the thermal conductances start to increase, reaching the values of the fully extended molecular junctions. Similar behaviors are observed for junctions in which several long-chain alkanes are sandwiched between various metal leads. These findings indicate that this behavior under stretching is an intrinsic property of the polymer chain and not significantly associated with the interfacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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9
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Tonkoglazova DI, Oryabinskaya LM, Shcherbatykh AA, Gulevskaya AV. The synthesis and crystal structure of pH-sensitive fluorescent pyrene-based double aza- and diaza[4]helicenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2704-2714. [PMID: 35293927 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00204c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Novel pyrene-based double aza- and diaza[4]helicenes have been prepared through a five-step synthetic sequence in overall good yields. Commercially available 2,3-dihaloazines (2,3-dibromopyridine, 2,3-dichloropyrazine and 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline) were used as starting materials. The synthesis employs electrophile-induced cyclizations of ortho-alkynyl bihetaryls as the key steps, leading to the formation of a helical skeleton. To discern the effect of merging azine and pyrene moieties within a helical skeleton, the X-ray structures, UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectra of the helicenes were investigated and compared with those of the parent [4]helicene, aza- and diaza[4]helicenes. It was found that the emission properties of the synthesized helicenes can be modulated as a function of pH. The basicity of pyrene-based double aza[4]helicenes was estimated by the direct fluorimetric titration method; the pKa value was found to be equal to 1.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria I Tonkoglazova
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge str. 7, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
| | - Lyubov M Oryabinskaya
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge str. 7, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
| | - Aleksandr A Shcherbatykh
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge str. 7, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna V Gulevskaya
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge str. 7, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
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10
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Stetsovych V, Feigl S, Vranik R, Wit B, Rauls E, Nejedlý J, Šámal M, Starý I, Müllegger S. Towards dielectric relaxation at a single molecule scale. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2865. [PMID: 35190585 PMCID: PMC8861178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dielectric relaxation lies at the heart of well-established techniques of dielectric spectroscopy essential to diverse fields of research and technology. We report an experimental route for increasing the sensitivity of dielectric spectroscopy ultimately towards the scale of a single molecule. We use the method of radio frequency scanning tunneling microscopy to excite a single molecule junction based on a polar substituted helicene molecule by an electric field oscillating at 2-5 GHz. We detect the dielectric relaxation of the single molecule junction indirectly via its effect of power dissipation, which causes lateral displacement. From our data we determine a corresponding relaxation time of about 300 ps-consistent with literature values of similar helicene derivatives obtained by conventional methods of dielectric spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Stetsovych
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Simon Feigl
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Radovan Vranik
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Bareld Wit
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Eva Rauls
- Institute for mathematics and physics, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jindřich Nejedlý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Šámal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Müllegger
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
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11
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Nakakuki Y, Hirose T, Matsuda K. Theoretical Investigation on Electron Transport Capabilities of Helically Twisted Molecules Based on Decay Constants of Exchange Interaction. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakakuki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takshi Hirose
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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12
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Tonkoglazova DI, Gulevskaya AV, Chistyakov KA, Askalepova OI. Synthesis, crystal structures and properties of carbazole-based [6]helicenes fused with an azine ring. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:11-21. [PMID: 33488827 PMCID: PMC7801798 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel carbazole-based [6]helicenes fused with an azine ring (pyridine, pyrazine or quinoxaline) have been prepared through a five-step synthetic sequence in good overall yields. Commercially available 2,3-dihaloazines were used as starting materials. To discern the effect of merging an azine moiety within a helical skeleton, the X-ray structures, UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectra of the helicenes were investigated and compared to that of the parent carbazole-based [6]helicene (7H-phenanthro[3,4-c]carbazole).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria I Tonkoglazova
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge str., 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Gulevskaya
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge str., 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Chistyakov
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22, Yekaterinburg 620219, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Askalepova
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge str., 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
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13
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Zöllner MS, Saghatchi A, Mujica V, Herrmann C. Influence of Electronic Structure Modeling and Junction Structure on First-Principles Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:7357-7371. [PMID: 33167619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out a comprehensive study of the influence of electronic structure modeling and junction structure description on the first-principles calculation of the spin polarization in molecular junctions caused by the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. We explore the limits and the sensitivity to modeling decisions of a Landauer/Green's function/two-component density functional theory approach to CISS. We find that although the CISS effect is entirely attributed in the literature to molecular spin filtering, spin-orbit coupling being partially inherited from the metal electrodes plays an important role in our calculations on ideal carbon helices, even though this effect cannot explain the experimental conductance results. Its magnitude depends considerably on the shape, size, and material of the metal clusters modeling the electrodes. Also, a pronounced dependence on the specific description of exchange interaction and spin-orbit coupling is manifest in our approach. This is important because the interplay between exchange effects and spin-orbit coupling may play an important role in the description of the junction magnetic response. Our calculations are relevant for the whole field of spin-polarized electron transport and electron transfer, because there is still an open discussion in the literature about the detailed underlying mechanism and the magnitude of physical parameters that need to be included to achieve a consistent description of the CISS effect: seemingly good quantitative agreement between simulation and the experiment can be caused by error compensation, because spin polarization as contained in a Landauer/Green's function/two-component density functional theory approach depends strongly on computational and structural parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aida Saghatchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States.,Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia, Euskadi P.K. 1072, 20080, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Grace IM, Olsen G, Hurtado-Gallego J, Rincón-García L, Rubio-Bollinger G, Bryce MR, Agraït N, Lambert CJ. Connectivity dependent thermopower of bridged biphenyl molecules in single-molecule junctions. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14682-14688. [PMID: 32618309 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04001k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements on gold|single-molecule|gold junctions, using a modified scanning tunneling microscope-break junction (STM-BJ) technique, of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductance of a series of bridged biphenyl molecules, with meta connectivities to pyridyl anchor groups. These data are compared with a previously reported study of para-connected analogues. In agreement with a tight binding model, the electrical conductance of the meta series is relatively low and is sensitive to the nature of the bridging groups, whereas in the para case the conductance is higher and relatively insensitive to the presence of the bridging groups. This difference in sensitivity arises from the presence of destructive quantum interference in the π system of the unbridged aromatic core, which is alleviated to different degrees by the presence of bridging groups. More precisely, the Seebeck coefficient of meta-connected molecules was found to vary between -6.1 μV K-1 and -14.1 μV K-1, whereas that of the para-connected molecules varied from -5.5 μV K-1 and -9.0 μV K-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain M Grace
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.
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15
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Koley S, Sen S, Chakrabarti S. A Novel Way to Enhance the Thermoelectric Efficiency of Carbon Nanotube through Cobaltocene‐decamethyl Cobaltocene Encapsulation. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayantanu Koley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calcutta 92 A. P. C. Road Kolkata 700009 India
| | - Sabyasachi Sen
- Department of PhysicsJIS College of Engineering Block-A, Phase-III, Kalyani Nadia 741235 India
| | - Swapan Chakrabarti
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calcutta 92 A. P. C. Road Kolkata 700009 India
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16
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Droghetti A, Rungger I. Enhanced thermopower in covalent graphite-molecule contacts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1466-1474. [PMID: 31867588 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05474j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Seebeck effect is very attractive for technological applications as it leads to the direct conversion of heat into electricity. One of the key quantities determining the efficiency of such conversion is the thermopower S. In this paper we explore theoretically what electronic properties are responsible for the Seebeck effect in molecular junctions with graphite or graphene electrodes. We propose that S can be enhanced because of the combined effect of the dip in the density of states at the Fermi energy of these materials and the molecular resonance. Then to understand the impact of the covalent vs. non-covalent molecule-carbon bonding we calculate from first principles the electronic and transport properties of graphite/molecule/Au junctions, where both types of bonding have been reported experimentally. We ultimately predict that S is about 120 μV K-1 at room temperature for a 3,5-dimethyl-4-aminobenzene (DMAB) molecule covalently attached to the graphite electrode. This value is one order of magnitude larger than the typical values measured to date for molecular junctions and it is a signature of the direct C-C molecule-graphite bond. Finally we also demonstrate how one can control not just the absolute magnitude of S, but also its sign by designing the graphite-molecule contact. Our results lead the way towards the use of junctions with molecules covalently attached to a C-based substrate as possible new improved platforms for molecular thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Droghetti
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Materials Physics Center, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Av. Tolosa 72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Ivan Rungger
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, TW11 0LW, UK.
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17
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Kolivoška V, Šebera J, Severa L, Mészáros G, Sokolová R, Gasior J, Kocábová J, Hamill JM, Pospíšil L, Hromadová M. Single Molecule Conductance of Electroactive Helquats: Solvent Effect. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viliam Kolivoška
- Department of Electrochemistry at NanoscaleJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Šebera
- Department of Electrochemistry at NanoscaleJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Severa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Gábor Mészáros
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HAS Magyar tudósok krt. 2 H-1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Romana Sokolová
- Department of Electrochemistry at NanoscaleJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Gasior
- Department of Electrochemistry at NanoscaleJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kocábová
- Department of Electrochemistry at NanoscaleJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Joseph M. Hamill
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT United Kingdom
| | - Lubomír Pospíšil
- Department of Electrochemistry at NanoscaleJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Magdaléna Hromadová
- Department of Electrochemistry at NanoscaleJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague Czech Republic
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18
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Gulevskaya AV, Tonkoglazova DI, Guchunov AS, Misharev AD. Synthesis and Characterization of Azine-[5]Helicene Hybrids. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Gulevskaya
- Department of Chemistry; Southern Federal University; Zorge str., 7 Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Daria I. Tonkoglazova
- Department of Chemistry; Southern Federal University; Zorge str., 7 Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Andrey S. Guchunov
- Department of Chemistry; Southern Federal University; Zorge str., 7 Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D. Misharev
- Center for X-ray Diffraction Studies and Chemical Analysis and Materials Research Centre; Institute of Chemistry; St. Petersburg State University; Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg, Petergof Russian Federation
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19
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Dhbaibi K, Favereau L, Crassous J. Enantioenriched Helicenes and Helicenoids Containing Main-Group Elements (B, Si, N, P). Chem Rev 2019; 119:8846-8953. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kais Dhbaibi
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR6226, CNRS, Université Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Faculty of Science of Gabès, University of Gabés, Zrig, 6072 Gabès Tunisia
| | - Ludovic Favereau
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR6226, CNRS, Université Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR6226, CNRS, Université Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
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20
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Holec J, Rybáček J, Vacek J, Karras M, Bednárová L, Buděšínský M, Slušná M, Holý P, Schmidt B, Stará IG, Starý I. Chirality‐Controlled Self‐Assembly of Amphiphilic Dibenzo[6]helicenes into Langmuir–Blodgett Thin Films. Chemistry 2019; 25:11494-11502. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Holec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rybáček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Vacek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Manfred Karras
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Institut für ChemieUniversitaet Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Slušná
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež 1001 250 68 Řež Czech Republic
| | - Petr Holý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Institut für ChemieUniversitaet Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Irena G. Stará
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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21
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Tuca E, Paci I. Structural analysis of helicene molecules adsorbed on symmetric surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9189-9199. [PMID: 30949648 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00284g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Helicenes are chiral polyaromatic hydrocarbon molecules which self-assemble into ordered monolayers on solid substrates, and are of current interest in the study of supramolecular systems and the development of smart materials. In this work we investigate the geometry of helicene monomers and stacked dimers on (111) facets of coinage metals. The geometry of the adsorbed molecules is shaped by the coupling of intermolecular dispersive forces, intramolecular steric repulsion between end rings and surface-molecule interactions. Thus, binding and stereospecificity outcomes vary broadly depending on the identity of molecule/surface pair. Overall, homochiral interactions are found to be more effective than heterochiral stacking, due to a better fit between the helical structures in like dimers. On a surface, this effect is enhanced by the flattening of surface-proximal molecular rings. However, our results show that the "sandwich" effect of the second molecular layer increases molecular footprints in the first layer, with potentially large implications in monolayer organization and surface commensuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilian Tuca
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
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22
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Chakraborty S, Maiti SK. Possible Routes for Efficient Thermo-Electric Energy Conversion in a Molecular Junction. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:848-860. [PMID: 30690808 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the context of designing an efficient thermoelectric energy-conversion device at nanoscale level, we suggest several important tuning parameters to enhance the performance of thermoelectric converters. We consider a simple molecular junction, which is always helpful to understand the basic mechanisms in a deeper way, where a benzene molecule is coupled to two external baths having unequal temperatures. The key component responsible for achieving better performance is associated with the asymmetric nature of transmission function, and in the present work, we show that it can be implemented in different ways by regulating the physical parameters involving the system. Employing a tight-binding framework we calculate electrical and thermal conductances, thermopower, and figure of merit (FOM) by using Landauer integrals, and thoroughly examine the critical roles played by molecule-to-lead (ML) interface geometry, magnetic field, chemical substituent group, ML coupling, and the direct coupling between the two leads. Our results show that a reasonably large FOM (≫1) can be obtained and lead to a possibility of regulating the efficiency by selectively tuning the physical parameters. We believe that the present analysis will enhance the understanding of designing efficient thermoelectric devices, and can be verified in a laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvendu Chakraborty
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata-, 700 108, India
| | - Santanu K Maiti
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata-, 700 108, India
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23
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Dračínský M, Buchta M, Buděšínský M, Vacek-Chocholoušová J, Stará IG, Starý I, Malkina OL. Dihydrogen contacts observed by through-space indirect NMR coupling. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7437-7446. [PMID: 30319744 PMCID: PMC6180313 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02859a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
"Through-space" indirect spin-spin couplings between hydrogen atoms formally separated by up to 18 covalent bonds have been detected by NMR experiments in model helical molecules. It is demonstrated that this coupling can provide crucial structural information on the molecular conformation in solution. The coupling pathways have been visualised and analysed by computational methods. The conformational dependence of the coupling is explained in terms of orbital interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2 , 166 10 Prague 6 , Czech Republic .
| | - Michal Buchta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2 , 166 10 Prague 6 , Czech Republic .
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2 , 166 10 Prague 6 , Czech Republic .
| | - Jana Vacek-Chocholoušová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2 , 166 10 Prague 6 , Czech Republic .
| | - Irena G Stará
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2 , 166 10 Prague 6 , Czech Republic .
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo nám. 2 , 166 10 Prague 6 , Czech Republic .
| | - Olga L Malkina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Slovak Academy of Sciences , Dúbravská cesta 9 , SK-84536 Bratislava , Slovakia .
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24
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Al-Khaykanee MK, Ismael AK, Grace I, Lambert CJ. Oscillating Seebeck coefficients in π-stacked molecular junctions. RSC Adv 2018; 8:24711-24715. [PMID: 35542147 PMCID: PMC9082453 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04698k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
When a linear aromatic molecule within a nanogap is bound only to a source electrode, and an adjacent molecule is bound only to a drain electrode, the two molecules can interact via pi-pi stacking, which allows electrons to flow from the source to the drain, via pi-pi bonds. Here we investigate the thermoelectric properties of such junctions, using mono-thiol oligo-phenylene ethynylene (OPE3)-based molecules as a model system. For molecules which are para-connected to the electrodes, we show that the Seebeck coefficient is an oscillatory function of the length L of the pi-pi overlap region and exhibits large positive and negative values. This bi-thermoelectric behavior is a result of quantum interference within the junction, which behaves like a molecular-scale Mach-Zehnder interferometer. For junctions formed from molecular monolayers sandwiched between planar electrodes, this allows both hole-like and electron-like Seebeck coefficients to be realized, by careful control of electrode separation On the other hand for meta-connected molecules, the Seebeck coefficient is insensitive to L, which may be helpful in designing resilient junctions with more stable and predictable thermoelectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin K Al-Khaykanee
- Department of Physics, University of Lancaster Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Babylon Babel Iraq
| | - Ali K Ismael
- Department of Physics, University of Lancaster Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science, Tikrit University Tikrit Iraq
| | - Iain Grace
- Department of Physics, University of Lancaster Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Department of Physics, University of Lancaster Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
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25
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Gulevskaya AV, Shvydkova EA, Tonkoglazova DI. Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine-, Pyrazine-, and Quinoxaline-Derived [4]Helicenes and S-Shaped Double [4]Helicenes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Gulevskaya
- Department of Chemistry; Southern Federal University; Zorge str., 7 344090 Rostov-on-Don Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A. Shvydkova
- Department of Chemistry; Southern Federal University; Zorge str., 7 344090 Rostov-on-Don Russian Federation
| | - Daria I. Tonkoglazova
- Department of Chemistry; Southern Federal University; Zorge str., 7 344090 Rostov-on-Don Russian Federation
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26
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Tan J, Zhang X, Liu W, He X, Zhao M. Strain-induced tunable negative differential resistance in triangle graphene spirals. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:205202. [PMID: 29473828 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aab1d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Using non-equilibrium Green's function formalism combined with density functional theory calculations, we investigate the significant changes in electronic and transport properties of triangle graphene spirals (TGSs) in response to external strain. Tunable negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior is predicted. The NDR bias region, NDR width, and peak-to-valley ratio can be well tuned by external strain. Further analysis shows that these peculiar properties can be attributed to the dispersion widths of the p z orbitals. Moreover, the conductance of TGSs is very sensitive to the applied stress, which is promising for applications in nanosensor devices. Our findings reveal a novel approach to produce tunable electronic devices based on graphene spirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tan
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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27
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Algharagholy LAA, Pope T, Lambert CJ. Strain-induced bi-thermoelectricity in tapered carbon nanotubes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:105304. [PMID: 29339581 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaa872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We show that carbon-based nanostructured materials are a novel testbed for controlling thermoelectricity and have the potential to underpin the development of new cost-effective environmentally-friendly thermoelectric materials. In single-molecule junctions, it is known that transport resonances associated with the discrete molecular levels play a key role in the thermoelectric performance, but such resonances have not been exploited in carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Here we study junctions formed from tapered CNTs and demonstrate that such structures possess transport resonances near the Fermi level, whose energetic location can be varied by applying strain, resulting in an ability to tune the sign of their Seebeck coefficient. These results reveal that tapered CNTs form a new class of bi-thermoelectric materials, exhibiting both positive and negative thermopower. This ability to change the sign of the Seebeck coefficient allows the thermovoltage in carbon-based thermoelectric devices to be boosted by placing CNTs with alternating-sign Seebeck coefficients in tandem.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A A Algharagholy
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom. Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sumer, Al Rifaee, Thi Qar, Iraq
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28
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Stetsovych O, Mutombo P, Švec M, Šámal M, Nejedlý J, Císařová I, Vázquez H, Moro-Lagares M, Berger J, Vacek J, Stará IG, Starý I, Jelínek P. Large Converse Piezoelectric Effect Measured on a Single Molecule on a Metallic Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:940-946. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Stetsovych
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 18221 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 18221 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švec
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 18221 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional
Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Šámal
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Nejedlý
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Héctor Vázquez
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 18221 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - María Moro-Lagares
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 18221 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional
Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Berger
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 18221 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Vacek
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Irena G. Stará
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 18221 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional
Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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29
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Kiel GR, Patel SC, Smith PW, Levine DS, Tilley TD. Expanded Helicenes: A General Synthetic Strategy and Remarkable Supramolecular and Solid-State Behavior. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18456-18459. [PMID: 29215272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A divergent synthetic strategy allowed access to several members of a new class of helicenes, the "expanded helicenes", which are composed of alternating linearly and angularly fused rings. The strategy is based on a three-fold, partially intermolecular [2+2+n] (n = 1 or 2) cycloaddition with substrates containing three diyne units. Investigation of aggregation behavior, both in solution and in the solid state, revealed that one of these compounds forms an unusual homochiral, π-stacked dimer via an equilibrium that is slow on the NMR time scale. The versatility of the method was harnessed to access a selenophene-annulated expanded helicene that, in contrast to its benzannulated analogue, exhibits long-range π-stacking in the solid state. The new helicenes possess low racemization barriers, as demonstrated by dynamic 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin R Kiel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sajan C Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Patrick W Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel S Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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30
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Nejedlý J, Šámal M, Rybáček J, Tobrmanová M, Szydlo F, Coudret C, Neumeier M, Vacek J, Vacek Chocholoušová J, Buděšínský M, Šaman D, Bednárová L, Sieger L, Stará IG, Starý I. Synthesis of Long Oxahelicenes by Polycyclization in a Flow Reactor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5839-5843. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jindřich Nejedlý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Michal Šámal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rybáček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Tobrmanová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Florence Szydlo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Christophe Coudret
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Maria Neumeier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Vacek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vacek Chocholoušová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - David Šaman
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Sieger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Department of Physics; CTU in Prague; Faculty of Electrical Engineering; Technická 2 16627 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Irena G. Stará
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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31
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32
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Kubo H, Hirose T, Matsuda K. Control over the Emission Properties of [5]Helicenes Based on the Symmetry and Energy Levels of Their Molecular Orbitals. Org Lett 2017; 19:1776-1779. [PMID: 28358207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of different substituents on the fluorescence properties of [5]helicene derivatives was investigated in terms of molecular orbital symmetry. Unsubstituted [5]helicene is nonemissive due to the symmetry-forbidden S1 → S0 transition. However, the fluorescence emission rate constant (kf) of [5]helicenes is efficiently increased by removing the orbital degeneracy involved in the S1 → S0 transition. As a result, we achieved a [5]helicene derivative exhibiting a high fluorescence quantum yield (Φf = 0.23) and short emission lifetime (⟨τf⟩ = 1.5 ns), which is in marked contrast to unsubstituted [5]helicene (Φf = 0.04 and ⟨τf⟩ = 26 ns).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Kubo
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirose
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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33
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Cui L, Miao R, Jiang C, Meyhofer E, Reddy P. Perspective: Thermal and thermoelectric transport in molecular junctions. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4976982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Longji Cui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ruijiao Miao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Edgar Meyhofer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Pramod Reddy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109,
USA
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34
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Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Chiral Helicene-Based Coordination Complex of Dysprosium. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry3010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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35
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Perroni CA, Ninno D, Cataudella V. Thermoelectric efficiency of molecular junctions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:373001. [PMID: 27420149 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/37/373001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Focus of the review is on experimental set-ups and theoretical proposals aimed to enhance thermoelectric performances of molecular junctions. In addition to charge conductance, the thermoelectric parameter commonly measured in these systems is the thermopower, which is typically rather low. We review recent experimental outcomes relative to several junction configurations used to optimize the thermopower. On the other hand, theoretical calculations provide estimations of all the thermoelectric parameters in the linear and non-linear regime, in particular of the thermoelectric figure of merit and efficiency, completing our knowledge of molecular thermoelectricity. For this reason, the review will mainly focus on theoretical studies analyzing the role of not only electronic, but also of the vibrational degrees of freedom. Theoretical results about thermoelectric phenomena in the coherent regime are reviewed focusing on interference effects which play a significant role in enhancing the figure of merit. Moreover, we review theoretical studies including the effects of molecular many-body interactions, such as electron-vibration couplings, which typically tend to reduce the efficiency. Since a fine tuning of many parameters and coupling strengths is required to optimize the thermoelectric conversion in molecular junctions, new theoretically proposed set-ups are discussed in the conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Perroni
- CNR-SPIN and Physics Department 'Ettore Pancini', Universita' degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II', Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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36
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Li H, Garner MH, Shangguan Z, Zheng Q, Su TA, Neupane M, Li P, Velian A, Steigerwald ML, Xiao S, Nuckolls C, Solomon GC, Venkataraman L. Conformations of cyclopentasilane stereoisomers control molecular junction conductance. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5657-5662. [PMID: 30034703 PMCID: PMC6022008 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01360k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we examine the impact of ring conformation on the charge transport characteristics of cyclic pentasilane structures bound to gold electrodes in single molecule junctions. We investigate the conductance properties of alkylated cyclopentasilane cis and trans stereoisomers substituted in the 1,3-position with methylthiomethyl electrode binding groups using both the scanning tunneling microscope-based break junction technique and density functional theory based ab initio calculations. In contrast with the linear ones, these cyclic silanes yield lower conductance values; calculations reveal that the constrained dihedral geometries occurring within the ring are suboptimal for σ-orbital delocalization, and therefore, conductance. Theoretical calculations reproduce the measured conductance trends for both cis and trans isomers and find several distinct conformations that are likely to form stable molecular junctions at room temperature. Due to the weakened σ-conjugation in the molecule, through-space interactions are found to contribute significantly to the conductance. This manuscript details the vast conformational flexibility in cyclopentasilanes and the tremendous impact it has on controlling conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixing Li
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics , Columbia University , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Marc H Garner
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark .
| | - Zhichun Shangguan
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China .
| | - Qianwen Zheng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China .
| | - Timothy A Su
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Madhav Neupane
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Panpan Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China .
| | - Alexandra Velian
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York 10027 , USA .
| | | | - Shengxiong Xiao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China .
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China .
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Gemma C Solomon
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark .
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics , Columbia University , New York 10027 , USA .
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York 10027 , USA .
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37
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Klívar J, Jančařík A, Šaman D, Pohl R, Fiedler P, Bednárová L, Starý I, Stará IG. [2+2+2] Cycloisomerisation of Aromatic Cyanodiynes in the Synthesis of Pyridohelicenes and Their Analogues. Chemistry 2016; 22:14401-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Klívar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Jančařík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - David Šaman
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Fiedler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Irena G. Stará
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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38
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Rincón-García L, Ismael AK, Evangeli C, Grace I, Rubio-Bollinger G, Porfyrakis K, Agraït N, Lambert CJ. Molecular design and control of fullerene-based bi-thermoelectric materials. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:289-93. [PMID: 26641017 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular junctions are a versatile test bed for investigating nanoscale thermoelectricity and contribute to the design of new cost-effective environmentally friendly organic thermoelectric materials. It was suggested that transport resonances associated with discrete molecular levels could play a key role in thermoelectric performance, but no direct experimental evidence has been reported. Here we study single-molecule junctions of the endohedral fullerene Sc3N@C80 connected to gold electrodes using a scanning tunnelling microscope. We find that the magnitude and sign of the thermopower depend strongly on the orientation of the molecule and on applied pressure. Our calculations show that Sc3N inside the fullerene cage creates a sharp resonance near the Fermi level, whose energetic location, and hence the thermopower, can be tuned by applying pressure. These results reveal that Sc3N@C80 is a bi-thermoelectric material, exhibiting both positive and negative thermopower, and provide an unambiguous demonstration of the importance of transport resonances in molecular junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rincón-García
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia IMDEA-Nanociencia, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ali K Ismael
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science, Tikrit University, Tikreet 34001, Iraq
| | - Charalambos Evangeli
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iain Grace
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Gabino Rubio-Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nicolás Agraït
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia IMDEA-Nanociencia, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
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39
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Tsuji Y, Hoffmann R. Helical Oligoenes: Conformations, Bond Alternation, and Competing Through‐Bond and Through‐Space Transmission. Chemistry 2016; 22:4878-88. [PMID: 26890266 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Baker Laboratory Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Roald Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Baker Laboratory Ithaca NY 14853 USA
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40
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Rincón-García L, Evangeli C, Rubio-Bollinger G, Agraït N. Thermopower measurements in molecular junctions. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4285-306. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00141f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of thermopower in molecular junctions offers complementary information to conductance measurements and is becoming essential for the understanding of transport processes at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rincón-García
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- E-28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia IMDEA-Nanociencia
| | - Charalambos Evangeli
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- E-28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Gabino Rubio-Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- E-28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales “Nicolás Cabrera”
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- E-28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia IMDEA-Nanociencia
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41
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Wang RN, Dong GY, Wang SF, Fu GS, Wang JL. Thermoelectric properties of fullerene-based junctions: a first-principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:28117-28124. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04339a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study is built on density functional calculations in combination with the non-equilibrium Green's function, and we probe the thermoelectric transport mechanisms through C60molecules anchored to Al nano-electrodes in three different ways, such as, the planar, pyramidal, and asymmetric surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ning Wang
- Hebei Key Lab of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials
- College of Physics Science and Technology
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-Yi Dong
- Hebei Key Lab of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials
- College of Physics Science and Technology
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- P. R. China
| | - Shu-Fang Wang
- Hebei Key Lab of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials
- College of Physics Science and Technology
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- P. R. China
| | - Guang-Sheng Fu
- Hebei Key Lab of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials
- College of Physics Science and Technology
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Long Wang
- Hebei Key Lab of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials
- College of Physics Science and Technology
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- P. R. China
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42
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Lee SK, Buerkle M, Yamada R, Asai Y, Tada H. Thermoelectricity at the molecular scale: a large Seebeck effect in endohedral metallofullerenes. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:20497-20502. [PMID: 26583505 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05394c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Single molecule devices provide a unique system to study the thermoelectric energy conversion at an atomistic level and can provide valuable information for the design of organic thermoelectric materials. Here we present a comprehensive study of the thermoelectric transport properties of molecular junctions based on C(82), Gd@C(82), and Ce@C(82). We combine precise scanning tunneling microscope break-junction measurements of the thermopower and conductance with quantitatively accurate self-energy-corrected first-principles transport calculations. We find that all three fullerene derivatives give rise to a negative thermopower (n-conducting). The absolute value, however, is much larger for the Gd@C(82) and Ce@C(82) junctions. The conductance, on the other hand, remains comparable for all three systems. The power factor determined for the Gd@C(82) based junction is so far the highest obtained for a single-molecule device. Although the encapsulated metal atom does not directly contribute to the transport, we show that the observed enhancement of the thermopower for Gd@C(82) and Ce@C(82) is elucidated by the substantial changes in the electronic- and geometrical structure of the fullerene molecule induced by the encapsulated metal atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- See Kei Lee
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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43
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Guo YD, Yan XH, Xiao Y, Liu CS. U-shaped relationship between current and pitch in helicene molecules. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16731. [PMID: 26581650 PMCID: PMC4652163 DOI: 10.1038/srep16731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The helicene is constructed by twisted benzene or other aromatic rings, exhibiting a helical structure. Using first-principles calculations, we investigate the electronic transport of helicenes under stretching or compressing. Interestingly, a U-shaped curve of the current against d (the pitch of a helicene) is observed. Further analysis shows that, it is the result of the nonmonotonic change of HOMO-LUMO gap with d. The change of overlap between orbitals induced by conformational deformation is found to be the underlying mechanism. Moreover, the U-curve phenomenon is an intrinsic feature of the helicene molecules, being robust to the electrode materials or doping. This U-curve behavior is expected to be extended to helical graphene or other related structures, showing great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Dong Guo
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China
- Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro-Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yan
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China
- Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro-Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
- China College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- China College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Liu
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China
- Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro-Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
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