1
|
Zhao X, Sun J, Wang Y, Wang X, Fu B. Ag/MXene as Saturable Absorber for Tm:Ho Co-Doped Q-Switched Fiber Laser. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:951. [PMID: 38869576 PMCID: PMC11174115 DOI: 10.3390/nano14110951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Q-switched fiber lasers have become reliable light sources for generating high-energy pulses, which can be passively modulated by saturable absorbers with excellent nonlinear optical properties. The composite combining Ag and MXene exhibits a broadband nonlinear response and high modulation depth, making it a promising candidate for saturable absorbers in pulsed lasers. Herein, we demonstrate a Q-switched Tm:Ho co-doped fiber laser centered at 2 µm, where the Ag/MXene composite serves as a saturable absorber to generate pulses. The typical spectrum, pulse train, and radio frequency spectrum of Q-switched pulses were observed, in which the 60 dB signal-to-noise ratio was higher than that of 2 µm Q-switched fiber lasers based on other materials, demonstrating the stability of the output pulses. Additionally, the long-term stability of the laser was evaluated over 2 h, where the well-maintained central wavelength and output power also indicated the robustness of the Q-switched laser. Furthermore, the influence of the pump power on the parameters of Q-switched pulses was also investigated, which is conducive to control the output characteristics of lasers. Specifically, the pulse width of the Q-switched pulse decreased, while the repetition rate, output power, and single pulse energy all increased with the increase in pump power. These experimental results demonstrate the ability of Ag/MXene as a saturable absorber and show its potential for generating high-performance pulses in ultrafast lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingxuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yachen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie J, Pan JA, Cheng B, Ma T, Filatov AS, Patel SN, Park J, Talapin DV, Anderson JS. Presynthetic Redox Gated Metal-to-Insulator Transition and Photothermoelectric Properties in Nickel Tetrathiafulvalene-Tetrathiolate Coordination Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19026-19037. [PMID: 36194683 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photothermoelectric (PTE) materials are promising candidates for solar energy harvesting and photodetection applications, especially for near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Although the processability and tunability of organic materials are highly advantageous, examples of organic PTE materials are comparatively rare and their PTE performance is typically limited by poor photothermal (PT) conversion. Here, we report the use of redox-active Sn complexes of tetrathiafulvalene-tetrathiolate (TTFtt) as transmetalating agents for the synthesis of presynthetically redox tuned NiTTFtt materials. Unlike the neutral material NiTTFtt, which exhibits n-type glassy-metallic conductivity, the reduced materials Li1.2Ni0.4[NiTTFtt] and [Li(THF)1.5]1.2Ni0.4[NiTTFtt] (THF = tetrahydrofuran) display physical characteristics more consistent with p-type semiconductors. The broad spectral absorption and electrically conducting nature of these TTFtt-based materials enable highly efficient NIR-thermal conversion and good PTE performance. Furthermore, in contrast to conventional PTE composites, these NiTTFtt coordination polymers are notable as single-component PTE materials. The presynthetically tuned metal-to-insulator transition in these NiTTFtt systems directly modulates their PT and PTE properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Jia-Ahn Pan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Baorui Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Tengzhou Ma
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Shrayesh N Patel
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Jiwoong Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El Haber G, Noel L, Lin CF, Gree S, Vidal L, Zan HW, Hobeika N, Lhost O, Trolez Y, Soppera O. Near-Infrared Laser Direct Writing of Conductive Patterns on the Surface of Carbon Nanotube Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49279-49287. [PMID: 34613692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) laser annealing is used to write conductive patterns on the surface of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite (PP/MWCNT) plates. Before irradiation, the surface of the nanocomposite is not conductive due to the partial alignment of the MWCNT, which occurs during injection molding. We observe a significant decrease in the surface sheet resistance using NIR laser irradiation, which we explain by a randomization of the orientation of MWCNTs in the PP matrix melt by NIR laser irradiation. After only 5 s of irradiation, the sheet resistance of PP/MWCNTs, annealed with a laser at a power density of 7 W/cm2, decreases by more than 4 decades from ∼100 MΩ/sq to ∼1 kΩ/sq. Polarized Raman, TEM, and SEM are used to investigate the changes in the sheet resistance and confirm the physico-chemical processes involved. This allows direct writing of conductive patterns using a NIR laser on the surface of nanocomposite polymer substrates, with the advantages of a fast, easy, and low-energy consumption process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerges El Haber
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse F-68100, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67000, France
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Engineering Branch 2, Roumieh, Metn, Mount-Lebanon, Beirut 90656, Lebanon
| | - Laurent Noel
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse F-68100, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Ching-Fu Lin
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse F-68100, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67000, France
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Simon Gree
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse F-68100, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Loïc Vidal
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse F-68100, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Hsiao-Wen Zan
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nelly Hobeika
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Engineering Branch 2, Roumieh, Metn, Mount-Lebanon, Beirut 90656, Lebanon
| | | | - Yves Trolez
- TotalEnergies OneTech Belgium, Feluy 7181, Belgium
| | - Olivier Soppera
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse F-68100, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Harito C, Bavykin DV, Yuliarto B, Dipojono HK, Walsh FC. Polymer nanocomposites having a high filler content: synthesis, structures, properties, and applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4653-4682. [PMID: 30840003 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00117d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent development of nanoscale fillers, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and nanocellulose, allows the functionality of polymer nanocomposites to be controlled and enhanced. However, conventional synthesis methods of polymer nanocomposites cannot maximise the reinforcement of these nanofillers at high filler content. Approaches for the synthesis of high content filler polymer nanocomposites are suggested to facilitate future applications. The fabrication methods address the design of the polymer nanocomposite architecture, which encompasses one, two, and three dimensional morphologies. Factors that hamper the reinforcement of nanostructures, such as alignment, dispersion of the filler and interfacial bonding between the filler and polymer, are outlined. Using suitable approaches, maximum potential reinforcement of nanoscale fillers can be anticipated without limitations in orientation, dispersion, and the integrity of the filler particle-matrix interface. High filler content polymer composites containing emerging materials such as 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) are expected in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Harito
- Energy Technology Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiong W, Liu Y, Jiang LJ, Zhou YS, Li DW, Jiang L, Silvain JF, Lu YF. Laser-Directed Assembly of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes in Three Dimensions for Multifunctional Device Fabrication. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:2002-9. [PMID: 26754028 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Laser-directed assembly of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in 3D space is investigated via a two-photon polymerization technique. MWNT-thiol-acrylate (MTA) composite resins are developed with high MWNT concentrations up to 0.2 wt%, over one order of magnitude higher than previously published work. Significantly enhanced electrical and mechanical properties of the 3D micro-/nanostructures are achieved. Microelectronic devices made of the MTA resins are demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0511, USA
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0511, USA
| | - Li Jia Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0511, USA
| | - Yun Shen Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0511, USA
| | - Da Wei Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0511, USA
| | - Lan Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jean-François Silvain
- Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux, Avenue du Docteur Albert Schweitzer, F-33608, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Yong Feng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0511, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Polarization and Thickness Dependent Absorption Properties of Black Phosphorus: New Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast Pulse Generation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15899. [PMID: 26514090 PMCID: PMC4626849 DOI: 10.1038/srep15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) has recently been rediscovered as a new and interesting two-dimensional material due to its unique electronic and optical properties. Here, we study the linear and nonlinear optical properties of BP flakes. We observe that both the linear and nonlinear optical properties are anisotropic and can be tuned by the film thickness in BP, completely different from other typical two-dimensional layered materials (e.g., graphene and the most studied transition metal dichalcogenides). We then use the nonlinear optical properties of BP for ultrafast (pulse duration down to ~786 fs in mode-locking) and large-energy (pulse energy up to >18 nJ in Q-switching) pulse generation in fiber lasers at the near-infrared telecommunication band ~1.5 μm. We observe that the output of our BP based pulsed lasers is linearly polarized (with a degree-of-polarization ~98% in mode-locking, >99% in Q-switching, respectively) due to the anisotropic optical property of BP. Our results underscore the relatively large optical nonlinearity of BP with unique polarization and thickness dependence, and its potential for polarized optical pulse generation, paving the way to BP based nonlinear and ultrafast photonic applications (e.g., ultrafast all-optical polarization switches/modulators, frequency converters etc.).
Collapse
|