1
|
Midya A, Khalse LD, Ghorai P. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Intramolecular Michael Addition by In Situ Generated Aminoisobenzofulvenes: Construction of Spiro Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301563. [PMID: 37545475 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented enantioselective organocatalytic spirocyclization strategy is presented by in situ generation of aminoisobezofulvenes. The reaction sequence involves a reductive Michael/aldol-condensation/Michael addition cascade by iminium-enamine catalysis. The key success of this spirocyclization was the formation of intermediatory nucleophilic aminoisobenzofuvenes accountable for intramolecular Michael addition. Benzospirononanes featuring an all carbon qauternary spirocenter were obtained using proline-derived amino-organocatalyst in moderate to good yields and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >20 : 1 dr, and 99 % ee). Post-methodological manipulation of benzospirononanes was also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhisek Midya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Laxman Devidas Khalse
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Prasanta Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao T, Zhu L, Huang J, Yang Z. Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Diarylation of 1,3-Diketone in Total Synthesis of (±)-Spiroaxillarone A. Org Lett 2022; 24:1491-1495. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 200038, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang M, Wang W, Li D, Wang WJ, Zhan R, Shao LD. α-C(sp 3)-H Arylation of Cyclic Carbonyl Compounds. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:379-404. [PMID: 34097248 PMCID: PMC8275813 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
α-C(sp3)-H arylation is an important type of C-H functionalization. Various biologically significant natural products, chemical intermediates, and drugs have been effectively prepared via C-H functionalization. Cyclic carbonyl compounds comprise of cyclic ketones, enones, lactones, and lactams. The α-C(sp3)-H arylation of these compounds have been exhibited high efficiency in forming C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds, played a crucial role in organic synthesis, and attracted majority of interests from organic and medicinal communities. This review focused on the most significant advances including methods, mechanism, and applications in total synthesis of natural products in the field of α-C(sp3)-H arylations of cyclic carbonyl compounds in recent years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Dashan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Rui Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650050, China.
| | - Li-Dong Shao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
An Z, Liu Y, Sun Y, Yan R. TFA-Catalyzed [3+2] Spiroannulation of Cyclobutanols: A Route to Spiro[cyclobuta[a]indene-7,1'-cyclobutane] Skeletons. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3812-3815. [PMID: 32997399 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward method for the synthesis of spiro[cyclobuta[a]indene-7,1'-cyclobutane] derivatives from cyclobutanols has been developed via one-pot [3+2] spiroannulation. A series of new spiro[cyclobuta[a]indene-7,1'-cyclobutane] derivatives are facilely synthesized in good yields under mild reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- Chemical Science and Engineering College, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750000, P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Sun
- Research Institute of Exploration & Development, Tuha Oilfield Company, Xinjiang, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Rulong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zheng TL, Zhang Y, Gou AL, Cheng F, Liu SZ, Yu L, Cui MY, Xu XT, Zhang K, Wang SH. Au(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization/Semipinacol Rearrangement Reaction of Allenes to Construct Quaternary Carbon-Containing Scaffolds. Org Lett 2020; 22:7073-7077. [PMID: 32886523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of methods toward the construction of quaternary carbon centers has been a hot topic in recent years. In this work, an Au(I)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization/semipinacol rearrangement of allene-containing allylic silyl ether was developed to provide a direct strategy for the construction of multisubstituted cyclohexene-type compounds with a quaternary carbon center in moderate to good yields. In particular, this method provides an alternative synthetic strategy for the construction of a multisubstituted spirocyclo[4.5]decane skeleton and may be applied to the synthesis of related bioactive molecules and their derivatives, thus facilitating the corresponding functional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Lu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - A-Long Gou
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Fu Cheng
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Si-Zhan Liu
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Lan Yu
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yue Cui
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu T, Kang X, Bai H, Xiong W, Xu G, Tang W. Enantioselective Construction of Spiro Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters via Pd-Catalyzed Intramolecular α-Arylation. Org Lett 2020; 22:4602-4607. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuehua Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Heng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenrui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guangqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arthurs RA, Hughes DL, Richards CJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of All Possible Phosferrox Ligand Diastereoisomers Displaying Three Elements of Chirality: Stereochemical Optimization for Asymmetric Catalysis. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4838-4847. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross A. Arthurs
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - David L. Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Richards
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hao YJ, Hu XS, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Yu JS. Catalytic Enantioselective α-Arylation of Carbonyl Enolates and Related Compounds. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jia Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Si Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shukla D, Babu SA. Pd‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Intramolecular Amide
α
‐C−H Arylation in Sterically Hindered Monospirooxindole Motifs. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Shukla
- Department Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O. Punjab 140306 India
| | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O. Punjab 140306 India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu PW, Yu JS, Chen C, Cao ZY, Zhou F, Zhou J. Catalytic Enantioselective Construction of Spiro Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ding A, Meazza M, Guo H, Yang JW, Rios R. New development in the enantioselective synthesis of spiro compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:5946-5996. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this review we summarize the latest developments in the enantioselective synthesis of spirocompounds. The most important organometallic and organocatalytic methodologies are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aishun Ding
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Marta Meazza
- School of Chemistry. University of Southampton. Highfield Campus
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jung Woon Yang
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- South Korea
| | - Ramon Rios
- School of Chemistry. University of Southampton. Highfield Campus
- Southampton
- UK
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu H, Wang Q, Zhu J. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Domino Arylation/Semipinacol Rearrangement of Allylic Alcohols with Diaryliodonium Salts. Chemistry 2017; 23:13037-13041. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang BS, Hua HL, Gao LY, Liu C, Qiu YF, Zhou PX, Zhou ZZ, Zhao JH, Liang YM. Palladium-catalyzed arene C–H activation/ketone C–H functionalization reaction: route to spirodihydroindenones. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00164a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel palladium and norbornene catalyzed arene C–H activation method to synthesize various spirodihydroindenone derivatives is developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| | - Hui-Liang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| | - Lu-Yao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| | - Ce Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| | - Yi-Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| | - Ping-Xin Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang 453000
- P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Zhao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Synthesis of legioliulin, a fluorescent isocoumarin compound, isolated from Legionella dumoffii using cyclic acylpalladation and Heck reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
15
|
Brown M, Kumar R, Rehbein J, Wirth T. Enantioselective Oxidative Rearrangements with Chiral Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Chemistry 2016; 22:4030-5. [PMID: 26800241 PMCID: PMC4797713 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective hypervalent iodine‐promoted oxidative rearrangement of 1,1‐disubstituted alkenes has been developed. This practically simple protocol provides access to enantioenriched α‐arylated ketones without the use of transition metals from readily accessible alkenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Brown
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Ravi Kumar
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Julia Rehbein
- Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|