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Tang J, Xie L, Liu J, Shi S, Yang Q, Zhang B, Wang Y, Chen L, Jia S, Ma M, Xie Z. Direct Access to Thio- and Seleno-acetamides Bearing (Benzo)thiazoles by a Base-Promoted One-Pot Two-Step Three-Component Reaction of 2-Amino(benzo)thiazoles with Aryl Acetyl Chlorides and Dichalcogenides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3702-3712. [PMID: 38430193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Highly efficient and practical carbon-chalcogen (S, Se) and amide bonds formation methodologies for the synthesis of thio- and seleno-acetamides were developed, via the base-promoted one-pot two-step reactions of 2-amino(benzo)thiazoles and aryl acetyl chlorides with dichalcogenides. This cross-coupling reaction afforded the goal products that had been chalcogenated regioselectively in moderate to good yields. Further transformations of the new synthesized compounds, DFT calculations and preliminary mechanism studies are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Tang
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Luying Xie
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Shangyu Shi
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Qikun Yang
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Shaohui Jia
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Mingfang Ma
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Zengyang Xie
- Laboratory of New Antitumor Drug Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
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Conjugation of Aminoadamantane and γ-Carboline Pharmacophores Gives Rise to Unexpected Properties of Multifunctional Ligands. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185527. [PMID: 34576998 PMCID: PMC8471380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of conjugates of aminoadamantane and γ-carboline, which are basic scaffolds of the known neuroactive agents, memantine and dimebon (Latrepirdine) was synthesized and characterized. Conjugates act simultaneously on several biological structures and processes involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and some other neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, these compounds inhibit enzymes of the cholinesterase family, exhibiting higher inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), but having almost no effect on the activity of carboxylesterase (anti-target). The compounds serve as NMDA-subtype glutamate receptor ligands, show mitoprotective properties by preventing opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore, and act as microtubule stabilizers, stimulating the polymerization of tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins. Structure–activity relationships were studied, with particular attention to the effect of the spacer on biological activity. The synthesized conjugates showed new properties compared to their prototypes (memantine and dimebon), including the ability to bind to the ifenprodil-binding site of the NMDA receptor and to occupy the peripheral anionic site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which indicates that these compounds can act as blockers of AChE-induced β-amyloid aggregation. These new attributes of the conjugates represent improvements to the pharmacological profiles of the separate components by conferring the potential to act as neuroprotectants and cognition enhancers with a multifunctional mode of action.
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols as an anticancer agent. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Patel KR, Brahmbhatt JG, Pandya PA, Bhadresha K, Daraji DG, Patel HD, Rawal RM, Baran SK, Jayanthi S. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 5‐Phenyl‐5‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐4
H
‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thiols as an Anticancer Agent. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krupa R. Patel
- Department of Chemistry School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Jpan G. Brahmbhatt
- Department of Life Science School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Pranav A. Pandya
- Department of Chemistry School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Kinjal Bhadresha
- Department of Life Science School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Drashti G. Daraji
- Department of Chemistry School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Hitesh D. Patel
- Department of Chemistry School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Rakesh M. Rawal
- Department of Life Science School of Sciences Gujarat University Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Sujit K. Baran
- Department of Chemistry The M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara 390002 Gujarat India
| | - Sivaraman Jayanthi
- Computational Drug Design Lab School of Bio Sciences and Technology Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India
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Olivas-Aguirre M, Torres-López L, Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Overcoming Glucocorticoid Resistance in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Repurposed Drugs Can Improve the Protocol. Front Oncol 2021; 11:617937. [PMID: 33777761 PMCID: PMC7991804 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.617937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a central component of multi-drug treatment protocols against T and B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which are used intensively during the remission induction to rapidly eliminate the leukemic blasts. The primary response to GCs predicts the overall response to treatment and clinical outcome. In this review, we have critically analyzed the available data on the effects of GCs on sensitive and resistant leukemic cells, in order to reveal the mechanisms of GC resistance and how these mechanisms may determine a poor outcome in ALL. Apart of the GC resistance, associated with a decreased expression of receptors to GCs, there are several additional mechanisms, triggered by alterations of different signaling pathways, which cause the metabolic reprogramming, with an enhanced level of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis resistance, and multidrug resistance. Due to all this, the GC-resistant ALL show a poor sensitivity to conventional chemotherapeutic protocols. We propose pharmacological strategies that can trigger alternative intracellular pathways to revert or overcome GC resistance. Specifically, we focused our search on drugs, which are already approved for treatment of other diseases and demonstrated anti-ALL effects in experimental pre-clinical models. Among them are some “truly” re-purposed drugs, which have different targets in ALL as compared to other diseases: cannabidiol, which targets mitochondria and causes the mitochondrial permeability transition-driven necrosis, tamoxifen, which induces autophagy and cell death, and reverts GC resistance through the mechanisms independent of nuclear estrogen receptors (“off-target effects”), antibiotic tigecycline, which inhibits mitochondrial respiration, causing energy crisis and cell death, and some anthelmintic drugs. Additionally, we have listed compounds that show a classical mechanism of action in ALL but are not used still in treatment protocols: the BH3 mimetic venetoclax, which inhibits the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, the hypomethylating agent 5-azacytidine, which restores the expression of the pro-apoptotic BIM, and compounds targeting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR axis. Accordingly, these drugs may be considered for the inclusion into chemotherapeutic protocols for GC-resistant ALL treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Olivas-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Liliana Torres-López
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
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Clarisse D, Offner F, De Bosscher K. Latest perspectives on glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis and resistance in lymphoid malignancies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188430. [PMID: 32950642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are essential drugs in the treatment protocols of lymphoid malignancies. These steroidal hormones trigger apoptosis of the malignant cells by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Long term glucocorticoid treatment is limited by two major problems: the development of glucocorticoid-related side effects, which hampers patient quality of life, and the emergence of glucocorticoid resistance, which is a gradual process that is inevitable in many patients. This emphasizes the need to reevaluate and optimize the widespread use of glucocorticoids in lymphoid malignancies. To achieve this goal, a deep understanding of the mechanisms governing glucocorticoid responsiveness is required, yet, a recent comprehensive overview is currently lacking. In this review, we examine how glucocorticoids mediate apoptosis by detailing GR's genomic and non-genomic action mechanisms in lymphoid malignancies. We continue with a discussion of the glucocorticoid-related problems and how these are intertwined with one another. We further zoom in on glucocorticoid resistance by critically analyzing the plethora of proposed mechanisms and highlighting therapeutic opportunities that emerge from these studies. In conclusion, early detection of glucocorticoid resistance in patients remains an important challenge as this would result in a timelier treatment reorientation and reduced glucocorticoid-instigated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Clarisse
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Fritz Offner
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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Toscan CE, Jing D, Mayoh C, Lock RB. Reversal of glucocorticoid resistance in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is dependent on restoring BIM expression. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1769-1781. [PMID: 32242100 PMCID: PMC7283241 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common paediatric malignancy. Glucocorticoids form a critical component of chemotherapy regimens and resistance to glucocorticoid therapy is predictive of poor outcome. We have previously shown that glucocorticoid resistance is associated with upregulation of the oncogene C-MYC and failure to induce the proapoptotic gene BIM. METHODS A high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign was carried out to identify glucocorticoid sensitisers against an ALL xenograft derived from a glucocorticoid-resistant paediatric patient. Gene expression analysis was carried out using Illumina microarrays. Efficacy, messenger RNA and protein analysis were carried out by Resazurin assay, reverse transcription-PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. RESULTS A novel glucocorticoid sensitiser, 2-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio)-N-isopropyl-N-phenylacetamide (GCS-3), was identified from the HTS campaign. The sensitising effect was specific to glucocorticoids and synergy was observed in a range of dexamethasone-resistant and dexamethasone-sensitive xenografts representative of B-ALL, T-ALL and Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL. GCS-3 in combination with dexamethasone downregulated C-MYC and significantly upregulated BIM expression in a glucocorticoid-resistant ALL xenograft. The GCS-3/dexamethasone combination significantly increased binding of the glucocorticoid receptor to a novel BIM enhancer, which is associated with glucocorticoid sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the potential of the novel glucocorticoid sensitiser, GCS-3, as a biological tool to interrogate glucocorticoid action and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara E Toscan
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Duohui Jing
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Li ZL, Sun KK, Wu PY, Cai C. Iron-Catalyzed Regioselective α-C–H Alkylation of N-Methylanilines: Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling between Unactivated C(sp3)–H and C(sp3)–H Bonds via a Radical Process. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6830-6839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Lin Li
- Chemical Engineering College, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang-Kang Sun
- Chemical Engineering College, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Yu Wu
- Chemical Engineering College, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Cai
- Chemical Engineering College, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 20032, People’s Republic of China
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Huo Y, Buckton LK, Bennett JL, Smith EC, Byrne FL, Hoehn KL, Rahimi MN, McAlpine SR. Delivering bioactive cyclic peptides that target Hsp90 as prodrugs. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:728-739. [PMID: 30822267 PMCID: PMC6407599 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1580276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The most challenging issue facing peptide drug development is producing a molecule with optimal physical properties while maintaining target binding affinity. Masking peptides with protecting groups that can be removed inside the cell, produces a cell-permeable peptide, which theoretically can maintain its biological activity. Described are series of prodrugs masked using: (a) O-alkyl, (b) N-alkyl, and (c) acetyl groups, and their binding affinity for Hsp90. Alkyl moieties increased compound permeability, Papp, from 3.3 to 5.6, however alkyls could not be removed by liver microsomes or in-vivo and their presence decreased target binding affinity (IC50 of ≥10 µM). Thus, unlike small molecules, peptide masking groups cannot be predictably removed; their removal is related to the 3-D conformation. O-acetyl groups were cleaved but are labile, increasing challenges during synthesis. Utilising acetyl groups coupled with mono-methylated amines may decrease the polarity of a peptide, while maintaining binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuantao Huo
- a School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Laura K Buckton
- a School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Jack L Bennett
- a School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Eloise C Smith
- a School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Frances L Byrne
- b School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Kyle L Hoehn
- b School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Marwa N Rahimi
- a School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Shelli R McAlpine
- a School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
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Daraji DG, Patel KD, Patel HD, Rajani DP. Synthesis, In Vitro
Biological Screening, and In Silico
Computational Studies of Some Novel Imidazole-2-thiol Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Drashti G. Daraji
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Gujarat University; Navarangpura, Gujarat India
| | - Kinjal D. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Gujarat University; Navarangpura, Gujarat India
| | - Hitesh D. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Gujarat University; Navarangpura, Gujarat India
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El-Hoss J, Jing D, Evans K, Toscan C, Xie J, Lee H, Taylor RA, Lawrence MG, Risbridger GP, MacKenzie KL, Sutton R, Lock RB. A single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping platform for the authentication of patient derived xenografts. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60475-60490. [PMID: 27528024 PMCID: PMC5312397 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient derived xenografts (PDXs) have become a vital, frequently used, component of anti-cancer drug development. PDXs can be serially passaged in vivo for years, and shared across laboratories. As a consequence, the potential for mis-identification and cross-contamination is possible, yet authentication of PDXs appears limited. We present a PDX Authentication System (PAS), by combining a commercially available OpenArray assay of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with in-house R studio programs, to validate PDXs established in individual mice from acute lymphoblastic leukemia biopsies. The PAS is sufficiently robust to identify contamination at levels as low as 3%, similar to the gold standard of short tandem repeat (STR) profiling. We have surveyed a panel of PDXs established from 73 individual leukemia patients, and found that the PAS provided sufficient discriminatory power to identify each xenograft. The identified SNP-discrepant PDXs demonstrated distinct gene expression profiles, indicating a risk of contamination for PDXs at high passage number. The PAS also allows for the authentication of tumor cells with complex karyotypes from solid tumors including prostate cancer and Ewing's sarcoma. This study highlights the demands of authenticating PDXs for cancer research, and evaluates a reliable authentication platform that utilizes a commercially available and cost-effective system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jad El-Hoss
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Duohui Jing
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn Evans
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Cara Toscan
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Jinhan Xie
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Renea A Taylor
- Prostate Research Group, Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Mitchell G Lawrence
- Prostate Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Prostate Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen L MacKenzie
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Rosemary Sutton
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, UNSW, Australia
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