1
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Stapf M, Schmidt U, Seichter W, Mazik M. Synthesis and crystal structures of two solvates of 1-{[2,6-bis-(hy-droxy-meth-yl)-4-methyl-phen-oxy]meth-yl}-3,5-bis-{[(4,6-di-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)amino]meth-yl}-2,4,6-tri-ethyl-benzene. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2023; 79:1067-1071. [PMID: 37936864 PMCID: PMC10626963 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989023009155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
In the crystal structures of the formamide monosolvate (1a) and the n-propanol/H2O solvate/hydrate (1b) of the title compound, C38H50N4O3 (1), the tripodal host mol-ecule adopts a conformation in which the substituents attached to the central benzene ring are arranged in an alternating order above and below the ring plane. As a result of the different nature of the involved guest species, the crystal components in 1a create a three-dimensional supra-molecular architecture, while the crystal structure of 1b consists of two-dimensional supra-molecular aggregates extending parallel to the crystallographic ab plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Stapf
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Ute Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Seichter
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
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2
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Seidel P, Seichter W, Mazik M. Compounds Derived from 9,9-Dialkylfluorenes: Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Initial Binding Studies (Part II). ChemistryOpen 2023; 12:e202300019. [PMID: 37442791 PMCID: PMC10344870 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
New representatives of 2,4,7-trisubstituted 9,9-dialkyl-9H-fluorenes were prepared and used for crystallographic investigations as well as initial binding studies towards metal ions and carbohydrates. The binding studies, which included 1 H NMR spectroscopic titrations and fluorescence measurements, demonstrated the ability of the tested fluorene-based compounds to act as complexing agents for ionic and neutral substrates. Depending on the nature of the subunits of the fluorene derivatives, "turn on" or "turn off" fluorescent chemosensors can be developed. Compounds composed of 4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl-aminomethyl moieties have the potential to be used as sensitive "turn-on" chemosensors for some metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Seidel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Seichter
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany
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3
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Leibiger B, Stapf M, Mazik M. Cycloalkyl Groups as Building Blocks of Artificial Carbohydrate Receptors: Studies with Macrocycles Bearing Flexible Side-Arms. Molecules 2022; 27:7630. [PMID: 36364458 PMCID: PMC9654292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclopentyl group was expected to act as a building block for artificial carbohydrate receptors and to participate in van der Waals contacts with the carbohydrate substrate in a similar way as observed for the pyrrolidine ring of proline in the crystal structures of protein-carbohydrate complexes. Systematic binding studies with a series of 1,3,5-trisubstituted 2,4,6-triethylbenzenes bearing various cycloalkyl groups as recognition units provided indications of the involvement of these groups in the complexation process and showed the influence of the ring size on the receptor efficiency. Representatives of compounds that exhibit a macrocyclic backbone and flexible side arms were now chosen as further model systems to investigate whether the previously observed effects represent a general trend. Binding studies with these macrocycles towards β-D-glucopyranoside, an all-equatorial substituted carbohydrate substrate, included 1H NMR spectroscopic titrations and microcalorimetric investigations. The performed studies confirmed the previously observed tendency and showed that the compound bearing cyclohexyl groups displays the best binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
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4
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Stapf M, Schmidt U, Seichter W, Mazik M. Synthesis and crystal structure of 1,3-bis{[ N, N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl}-5-{[(4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)amino]methyl}-2,4,6-triethylbenzene. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2022; 78:825-828. [PMID: 35974834 PMCID: PMC9361370 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989022007411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the crystal structure of the title compound, C30H50N4O4, the two bis(hydroxyethyl)amino moieties and the 2,4-dimethylpyridinylamino unit of the molecule are located on one side of the central benzene ring, while the ethyl substituents are oriented in the opposite direction. The dihedral angle between the planes of the aromatic rings is 73.6 (1)°. The conformation of the molecule is stabilized by intramolecular O—H...O (1.86–2.12 Å) and C—H...N (2.40, 2.54 Å) hydrogen bonds. Dimers of inversion-related molecules represent the basic supramolecular entities of the crystal structure. They are further connected via O—H...O hydrogen bonding into undulating layers extending parallel to the crystallographic bc plane. Interlayer interaction is accomplished by weak C—H...π contacts.
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5
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Ceborska M, Dąbrowa K, Cędrowski J, Zimnicka M. Hydrogen-bonded supramolecular assemblies of folic acid with simple hexoses. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Amrhein F, Mazik M. Compounds Combining a Macrocyclic Building Block and Flexible Side‐Arms as Carbohydrate Receptors: Syntheses and Structure‐Binding Activity Relationship Studies. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Amrhein
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
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7
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Köhler L, Hübler C, Seichter W, Mazik M. Binding modes of methyl α-d-glucopyranoside to an artificial receptor in crystalline complexes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:22221-22229. [PMID: 35480817 PMCID: PMC9034237 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03390e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared to the numerous X-ray crystal structures of protein-carbohydrate complexes, the successful elucidation of the crystal structures of complexes between artificial receptors and carbohydrates has been very rarely reported in the literature. In this work, we describe the binding modes of two complexes formed between methyl α-d-glucopyranoside and an artificial receptor belonging to the class of compounds consisting of a 1,3,5-trisubstituted 2,4,6-trialkylbenzene scaffold. It is particularly noteworthy that these two complexes are present in one crystal structure, as was observed by us for the first time in the case of the recently reported three crystal structures of the complexes with methyl β-d-glucopyranoside, each containing two different receptor-carbohydrate complexes. The noncovalent interactions stabilizing the new complexes are compared with those observed in the aforementioned crystalline complexes with methyl β-d-glucopyranoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Köhler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany https://tu-freiberg.de/fakultaet2/orgch +49 3731393170 +49 3731392389
| | - Conrad Hübler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany https://tu-freiberg.de/fakultaet2/orgch +49 3731393170 +49 3731392389
| | - Wilhelm Seichter
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany https://tu-freiberg.de/fakultaet2/orgch +49 3731393170 +49 3731392389
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany https://tu-freiberg.de/fakultaet2/orgch +49 3731393170 +49 3731392389
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8
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Köhler L, Seichter W, Mazik M. Complexes Formed between Artificial Receptors and β‐Glucopyranoside in the Crystalline State. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Köhler
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Wilhelm Seichter
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
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9
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Seidel P, Mazik M. Syntheses of Acyclic and Macrocyclic Compounds Derived from 9,9-Diethylfluorene (Part I). ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:1202-1213. [PMID: 33304735 PMCID: PMC7689417 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of new 9,9-diethylfluorenes consisting of three side-arms each bearing a heterocyclic, bis(carboxymethyl)amino, bis(carbamoylmethyl)amino, bis(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)amino or an amino group were prepared on the basis of 2,4,7-tris(bromomethyl)-9,9-diethylfluorene. Imidazolyl, benzimidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-dioxoisoindolyl and pyridinium groups were taken into account as heterocyclic units, attached to the aromatic skeleton via -CH2-, -CH2NHCH2- or -CH2N=CH- linkers. In addition to the seventeen 2,4,7-trisubstituted 9,9-diethylfluorenes, two macrocyclic compounds were prepared on the basis of 2,7-bis(aminomethyl)-9,9-diethylfluorene. The excellent yield of the macrocyclization reaction is worth a special mention. Both the acyclic and the macrocyclic fluorene-based compounds have, among other things, the potential to act as artificial receptors for different substrates in analogy to the known receptors consisting of a benzene or biphenyl core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Seidel
- Institut für Organische ChemieTechnische Universität Bergakademie FreibergLeipziger Strasse 2909599FreibergGermany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische ChemieTechnische Universität Bergakademie FreibergLeipziger Strasse 2909599FreibergGermany
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10
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Estevez A, Zhu D, Blankenship C, Jiang J. Molecular Interrogation to Crack the Case of O-GlcNAc. Chemistry 2020; 26:12086-12100. [PMID: 32207184 PMCID: PMC7724648 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, termed O-GlcNAcylation, is an essential and dynamic post-translational modification in cells. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) installs this modification on serine and threonine residues, whereas O-GlcNAcase (OGA) hydrolyzes it. O-GlcNAc modifications are found on thousands of intracellular proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes has been detected in many diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, recent advances in the development of molecular tools to investigate OGT and OGA functions and substrate recognition are discussed. New chemical approaches to study O-GlcNAc dynamics and its potential roles in the immune system are also highlighted. It is hoped that this minireview will encourage more research in these areas to advance the understanding of O-GlcNAc in biology and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielis Estevez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dongsheng Zhu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Connor Blankenship
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Jiaoyang Jiang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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11
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Stapf M, Seichter W, Mazik M. Cycloalkyl Groups as Subunits of Artificial Carbohydrate Receptors: Effect of Ring Size of the Cycloalkyl Unit on the Receptor Efficiency. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Stapf
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Wilhelm Seichter
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
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12
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Kaiser S, Geffert C, Mazik M. Purine Unit as a Building Block of Artificial Receptors Designed for the Recognition of Carbohydrates. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kaiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Christoph Geffert
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
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13
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Seidel P, Schwarzer A, Mazik M. Fluorene Derivatives Bearing Halogenomethyl Groups: Synthesis, Molecular Structures, and Halogen/Hydrogen Bonding Patterns in the Crystalline State. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Seidel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Anke Schwarzer
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Strasse 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
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14
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Long A, Perraud O, Albalat M, Robert V, Dutasta JP, Martinez A. Helical Chirality Induces a Substrate-Selectivity Switch in Carbohydrates Recognitions. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6301-6306. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Long
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille F-13397, France
| | - Olivier Perraud
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UCBL 46, Allée d’Italie, Lyon F-69364, France
| | - Muriel Albalat
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille F-13397, France
| | - Vincent Robert
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique Institut de Chimie, UMR CNRS 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg F-67070, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UCBL 46, Allée d’Italie, Lyon F-69364, France
| | - Alexandre Martinez
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille F-13397, France
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15
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Abe H, Hashikawa D, Minami T, Ohtani K, Masuda K, Matsumoto S, Inouye M. Hexaphenolic Rigid Cages Prepared by Self-Organization of C 3 v Tridentates. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3132-3141. [PMID: 29473751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coordination cages were composed by self-organization of rigid C3 v-symmetric heptaarene tridentates and Pd(II) precursors. The heptaarene framework involves one mesitylene, three phenol, and three pyridine moieties, which were connected by Suzuki coupling reactions. The treatment of the tridentates with Pd(dppp)(OTf)2 or Pd(en)(NO3)2 in a 2:3 molar ratio furnished coordination cages, which was ascertained by crystallography, 1H NMR and DOSY measurements, and ESI-TOFMS and UV-vis spectra. The cages have six phenolic hydroxy groups inside and were expected to incorporate hydrogen-bonding guest molecules such as saccharides. CD and DOSY measurements showed that octyl hexoside guests could be incorporated into the cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Abe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toyama , Toyama 930-0194 , Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toyama , Toyama 930-0194 , Japan
| | - Takaya Minami
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Yokohama , Kanagawa 240-8501 , Japan
| | - Kohei Ohtani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toyama , Toyama 930-0194 , Japan
| | - Kentaro Masuda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toyama , Toyama 930-0194 , Japan
| | - Shinya Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Yokohama , Kanagawa 240-8501 , Japan
| | - Masahiko Inouye
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toyama , Toyama 930-0194 , Japan
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16
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Schulze MM, Schwarzer A, Mazik M. Conformations of benzene-based tripodal isatin-bearing compounds in the crystalline state. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00576h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies of molecular conformations, examples of polymorphic forms, new solvates and analysis of supramolecular motifs giving interesting insights into molecular recognition phenomena are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias M. Schulze
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
| | - Anke Schwarzer
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
| | - Monika Mazik
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
- 09599 Freiberg
- Germany
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17
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Amrhein F, Lippe J, Mazik M. Carbohydrate receptors combining both a macrocyclic building block and flexible side arms as recognition units: binding properties of compounds with CH 2OH groups as side arms. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10648-10659. [PMID: 27782281 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01682k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New representatives of compounds combining both a macrocyclic building block and two flexible side arms as recognition units were prepared and their binding properties toward selected carbohydrates were evaluated. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the replacement of the heterocycle-bearing side arms by smaller units, such as hydroxy groups, on the binding capability. The design of this type of receptor was inspired by the participation of the side chain hydroxy group of serine and threonine in the biorecognition of carbohydrates. Such structural modifications enable the recognition of structure-activity relationships, which are of high importance in the development of carbohydrate receptors with predictable binding strength and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Amrhein
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Strasse 29, 09599 Freiberg, Germany.
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