1
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Shahrbabaki Z, Oveissi F, Farajikhah S, Ghasemian MB, Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Jessop PG, Yun J, Dehghani F, Naficy S. Electrical Response of Poly( N-[3-(dimethylamino)Propyl] Methacrylamide) to CO 2 at a Long Exposure Period. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22232-22243. [PMID: 35811921 PMCID: PMC9260916 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Amine-functionalized polymers (AFPs) are able to react with carbon dioxide (CO2) and are therefore useful in CO2 capture and sensing. To develop AFP-based CO2 sensors, it is critical to examine their electrical responses to CO2 over long periods of time, so that the device can be used consistently for measuring CO2 concentration. To this end, we synthesized poly(N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl] methacrylamide) (pDMAPMAm) by free radical polymerization and tested its ability to behave as a CO2-responsive polymer in a transducer. The electrical response of this polymer to CO2 upon long exposure times was measured in both the aqueous and solid phases. Direct current resistance measurement tests on pDMAPMAm films printed along with the silver electrodes in the presence of CO2 at various concentrations reveal a two-region electrical response. Upon continuous exposure to different CO2 flow rates (at a constant pressure of 0.2 MPa), the resistance first decreased over time, reaching a minimum, followed by a gradual increase with further exposure to CO2. A similar trend is observed when CO2 is introduced to an aqueous solution of pDMAPMAm. The in situ monitoring of pH suggests that the change in resistance of pDMAPMAm can be attributed to the protonation of tertiary amine groups in the presence of CO2. This two-region response of pDMAPMAm is based on a proton-hopping mechanism and a change in the number of free amines when pDMAPMAm is exposed to various levels of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shahrbabaki
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Farshad Oveissi
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Syamak Farajikhah
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The
University of Sydney, Sydney Nano Institute, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mohammad B. Ghasemian
- School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New
South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ross D. Jansen-van Vuuren
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
Pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Philip G. Jessop
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jimmy Yun
- School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New
South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Qingdao
International Academician Park Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266104, PR China
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The
University of Sydney, Sydney Nano Institute, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sina Naficy
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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2
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Zhang X, Contini C, Constantinou AP, Doutch JJ, Georgiou TK. How does the hydrophobic content of methacrylate
ABA
triblock copolymers affect polymersome formation? JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmo Zhang
- Department of Materials Royal School of Mines Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Claudia Contini
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College London 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Anna P. Constantinou
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College London 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - James J. Doutch
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot UK
| | - Theoni K. Georgiou
- Department of Materials Royal School of Mines Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
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3
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Qiu L, Zhang H, Wang B, Zhan Y, Xing C, Pan CY. CO 2-Responsive Nano-Objects with Assembly-Related Aggregation-Induced Emission and Tunable Morphologies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1348-1358. [PMID: 31815411 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CO2-responsive polymeric nano-objects with assembly-related aggregation-induced emission (AIE) are obtained via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), 2-(4-formylphenoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MAEBA), and 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenyl methacrylate (TPEMA). These nano-objects exhibit, depending on the feed of MAEBA, a morphology evolution process from spherical micelles to vesicles. Due to the presence of DMAEMA units, CO2 promotes morphology transformation of the nano-objects from spheres to a mixture of "jellyfish" and vesicles and vesicles to complex vesicles. Moreover, TPEMA endows the AIE feature to these nano-objects, offering a strategy to monitor the morphology evolution process in real time. Thus, this approach is significant for exploring the assembly mechanism of copolymer in polymerization-induced self-assembly and designing multistimuli-responsive polymeric nanomaterials with tunable morphologies and sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cai-Yuan Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , Anhui , People's Republic of China
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4
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Qiu X, Wang X, Hou S, Zhang J, Zhou J, Tan Y. Tunable Fluorescence-Responsive Double Hydrophilic Block Polymers Induced by the Formation of Pseudopolyrotaxanes with Cucurbit[7]Uril. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1470. [PMID: 31505799 PMCID: PMC6780542 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new strategies that allow the simultaneous detection and control of drug delivery. By making use of supramolecular host-guest interactions, a kind of pseudopolyrotaxanes, as a visualizable nanoscale drug carrier has been constructed by self-assembly of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-quaternized poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (mPEG-b-QP4VP) using 4-(chloromethyl)benzonitrile. Simple addition of CB[7] into an aqueous solution of mPEG-b-QP4VP resulted in noncovalent attachment of CB[7] to 4-cyanobenzyl-containing polymers, transforming the nonemissive mPEG-b-QP4VP micelles into highly fluorescent micelles. These pseudopolyrotaxanes micelles exhibited remarkable supramolecular assembly-induced emission enhancement and excellent biocompatibility, showing great potential for bioimaging applications. In addition, the efficient cellular uptake of the developed pseudopolyrotaxanes micelles loaded with the anticancer drug doxorubicin was a promising platform for simultaneous cell imaging and drug delivery, thereby widening their application in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shengzhen Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yebang Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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5
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Cunningham MF, Jessop PG. Carbon Dioxide-Switchable Polymers: Where Are the Future Opportunities? Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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6
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Stimuli-responsive cellulose paper materials. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:350-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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8
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Yu L, Zhang Y, Dai X, Xu Q, Zhang L, Tan J. Open-air preparation of cross-linked CO2-responsive polymer vesicles by enzyme-assisted photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11920-11923. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05812e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An open-air strategy via enzyme-assisted photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly (photo-PISA) in water is developed for preparing cross-linked CO2-responsive vesicles at high solids contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Yu
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xiaocong Dai
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
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9
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Zhu R, Luo X, Feng Y, Billon L. CO2-Triggered and temperature-switchable crystallization-driven self-assembly of a semicrystalline block copolymer in aqueous medium. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01298b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a semicrystalline block copolymer comprising a hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) pure block and an amphiphilic poly(acrylic acid)-r-poly(octadecyl acrylate) random block by nitroxide-mediated polymerization is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Polymer Research Institute
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjie Luo
- Polymer Research Institute
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Feng
- Polymer Research Institute
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- People's Republic of China
| | - Laurent Billon
- CNRS
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- E2S UPPA
- IPREM UMR 5254
- Bio-inspired Materials Group: Functionality & Self-assembly
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10
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Wang Y, Huo M, Zeng M, Liu L, Ye QQ, Chen X, Li D, Peng L, Yuan JY. CO2-responsive Polymeric Fluorescent Sensor with Ultrafast Response. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Swelling or deswelling? Composition-dependent CO2-responsive swelling behaviors of poly(acrylamide-co-2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) hydrogels. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Zhan X, Yi Q, Cai S, Zhou X, Ma S, Lan F, Gu Z, Wu Y. Polymer-entanglement-driven coassembly of hybrid superparamagnetic nanoparticles: Tunable structures and flexible functionalization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 508:263-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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CO2
-Induced Morphological Transition of Co-Assemblies from Block-Random Segmented Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Synthesis of self-assemble pH-responsive cyclodextrin block copolymer for sustained anticancer drug delivery. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1947-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Chen SL, Shi PF, Zhang WQ. In situ synthesis of block copolymer nano-assemblies by polymerization-induced self-assembly under heterogeneous condition. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Lin S, Shang J, Theato P. CO2-Triggered UCST transition of amphiphilic triblock copolymers and their self-assemblies. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00186j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled vesicles presenting morphological transformations (vesicles–micelles–unimers) upon external stimuli due to their CO2 adjustable UCST behavior in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojian Lin
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- D-20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Jiaojiao Shang
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- D-20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- D-20146 Hamburg
- Germany
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17
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Abstract
This paper reviews the chemical fundamentals of CO2-responsive polymers as well as the latest reported “smart” material systems switched by CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Shaojian Lin
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Yujun Feng
- Polymer Research Institute
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
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18
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Abstract
The synthesis and self-assembly study of CO2-responsive graft copolymers fabricated from a “graft-to” strategy based on pentafluorophenyl esters as grafting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojian Lin
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- D-20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Anindita Das
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- D-20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- D-20146 Hamburg
- Germany
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19
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Tan J, Zhang X, Liu D, Bai Y, Huang C, Li X, Zhang L. Facile Preparation of CO2
-Responsive Polymer Nano-Objects via Aqueous Photoinitiated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (Photo-PISA). Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering; School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xuechao Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering; School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering; School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yuhao Bai
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering; School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Chundong Huang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering; School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering; School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering; School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter; Guangzhou 510006 China
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20
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Darabi A, Jessop PG, Cunningham MF. CO2-responsive polymeric materials: synthesis, self-assembly, and functional applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4391-436. [PMID: 27284587 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00873e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CO2 is an ideal trigger for switchable or stimuli-responsive materials because it is benign, inexpensive, green, abundant, and does not accumulate in the system. Many different CO2-responsive materials including polymers, latexes, solvents, solutes, gels, surfactants, and catalysts have been prepared. This review focuses on the preparation, self-assembly, and functional applications of CO2-responsive polymers. Detailed discussion is provided on the synthesis of CO2-responsive polymers, in particular using reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP), formerly known as controlled/living radical polymerization (CLRP), a powerful technique for the preparation of well-defined (co)polymers with precise control over molecular weight distribution, chain-end functional groups, and polymer architectural design. Self-assembly in aqueous dispersed media is highlighted as well as emerging potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Darabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
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21
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Lauber L, Chassenieux C, Nicolai T, Colombani O. Highlighting the Role of the Random Associating Block in the Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Block–Random Copolymers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Lauber
- LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, IMMM-UMR CNRS 6283, Equipe Polymères, Colloïdes et Interfaces, av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France
| | - Christophe Chassenieux
- LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, IMMM-UMR CNRS 6283, Equipe Polymères, Colloïdes et Interfaces, av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France
| | - Taco Nicolai
- LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, IMMM-UMR CNRS 6283, Equipe Polymères, Colloïdes et Interfaces, av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France
| | - Olivier Colombani
- LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, IMMM-UMR CNRS 6283, Equipe Polymères, Colloïdes et Interfaces, av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France
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22
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Shi P, Zhou H, Gao C, Wang S, Sun P, Zhang W. Macro-RAFT agent mediated dispersion copolymerization: a small amount of solvophilic co-monomer leads to a great change. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00697j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The macro-RAFT agent mediated dispersion copolymerization of two monomers is performed, and the block copolymer morphology can be easily tuned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Heng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Chengqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Pingchuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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