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Calderón-Díaz A, Boggiano AC, Xiong W, Kaiser N, Gutekunst WR. Degradable N-Vinyl Copolymers through Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Thionocarbamates. ACS Macro Lett 2024:1390-1395. [PMID: 39374102 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
A thiocarbonyl radical ring-opening polymerization approach was implemented with cyclic thionocarbamates to generate degradable copolymers with N-vinyl monomers. The rigid structures of cyclic N-substituted thionocarbamates have been revealed by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. The corresponding copolymers show incorporation of the thiocarbamates within the carbon backbone of polyvinylpyrrolidone influenced by acyl substituents through radical ring-opening copolymerization. The phenyl-substituted cyclic thionocarbamate copolymerized with N-vinyl carbazole and N-vinyl caprolactam, while little to no incorporation occurred with tBu acrylate and styrene, respectively. Further, these copolymers can undergo hydrolytic degradation under mild conditions. A new family of cyclic thionocarbamates capable of radical ring-opening copolymerization with N-vinyl monomers has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Calderón-Díaz
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Andrew C Boggiano
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Nadine Kaiser
- BASF SE, Group Research, Carl Bosch Str 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Will R Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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2
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Muslimova IB, Zhumanazar N, Melnikova GB, Yeszhanov AB, Zhatkanbayeva ZK, Chizhik SA, Zdorovets MV, Güven O, Korolkov IV. Preparation and application of stimuli-responsive PET TeMs: RAFT graft block copolymerisation of styrene and acrylic acid for the separation of water-oil emulsions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14425-14437. [PMID: 38694549 PMCID: PMC11061781 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02117g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive membranes play an important role in the fields of biomedicine, food and chemical industries, and environmental applications, including separation of water-oil emulsions. In this study, we present a method to fabricate pH-sensitive membranes using UV-initiated RAFT graft copolymerization of styrene (ST) and acrylic acid (AA) on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) track-etched membranes (TeMs). The optimization of polymerization conditions led to successful grafting of polystyrene (PS) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) onto PET TeMs, resulting in membranes with stable hydrophobicity and pH change responsiveness. The membranes show a contact angle of 65° in basic environments (pH 9) and 97° in acidic environments (pH 2). The membranes were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle (CA) methods. The PET TeMs-g-PS-g-PAA exhibited good performance in separating water-oil emulsions with a high efficiency of more than 90% and flux for direct chloroform-water 2500 L m-2 h-1 and reverse emulsions of benzene-water 1700 L m-2 h-1. This method of preparing stimuli-responsive membranes with controlled wettability and responsiveness to environmental pH provides versatility in their use in separating two types of emulsions: direct and reverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira B Muslimova
- L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Satpaev Str., 2 Astana 010000 Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics Ibragimov str. 1 Almaty 050032 Kazakhstan +7-705-179-9083
| | - Nurdaulet Zhumanazar
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics Ibragimov str. 1 Almaty 050032 Kazakhstan +7-705-179-9083
| | - Galina B Melnikova
- L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Satpaev Str., 2 Astana 010000 Kazakhstan
- The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus P. Brovki Str., 15 220072 Minsk Belarus
| | - Arman B Yeszhanov
- L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Satpaev Str., 2 Astana 010000 Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics Ibragimov str. 1 Almaty 050032 Kazakhstan +7-705-179-9083
| | | | - Sergei A Chizhik
- The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus P. Brovki Str., 15 220072 Minsk Belarus
| | - Maxim V Zdorovets
- L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Satpaev Str., 2 Astana 010000 Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics Ibragimov str. 1 Almaty 050032 Kazakhstan +7-705-179-9083
| | - Olgun Güven
- Hacettepe University Beytepe Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Ilya V Korolkov
- L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Satpaev Str., 2 Astana 010000 Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics Ibragimov str. 1 Almaty 050032 Kazakhstan +7-705-179-9083
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3
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Roka N, Kokkorogianni O, Kontoes-Georgoudakis P, Choinopoulos I, Pitsikalis M. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Complex Macromolecular Architectures Based on Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) and the RAFT Polymerization Technique. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:701. [PMID: 35215614 PMCID: PMC8880212 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the controlled RAFT polymerization of complex macromolecular architectures based on poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone), PNVP, are summarized in this review article. Special interest is given to the synthesis of statistical copolymers, block copolymers, and star polymers and copolymers, along with graft copolymers and more complex architectures. In all cases, PNVP is produced via RAFT techniques, whereas other polymerization methods can be employed in combination with RAFT to provide the desired final products. The advantages and limitations of the synthetic methodologies are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marinos Pitsikalis
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.R.); (O.K.); (P.K.-G.); (I.C.)
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4
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Dupre--Demorsy A, Coutelier O, Destarac M, Nadal C, Bourdon V, Ando T, Ajiro H. RAFT Polymerization of N-Methyl-N-vinylacetamide and Related Double Hydrophilic Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Dupre--Demorsy
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Olivier Coutelier
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Mathias Destarac
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Clémence Nadal
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Bourdon
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse, UAR 2599, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Tsuyoshi Ando
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroharu Ajiro
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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5
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Tilottama B, Manojkumar K, Haribabu PM, Vijayakrishna K. A short review on RAFT polymerization of less activated monomers. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.2024076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baisakhi Tilottama
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kasina Manojkumar
- Dolcera Information Technology Services Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - P. M. Haribabu
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kari Vijayakrishna
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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6
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Syntheses of benzhydryl 2-propanoyl-functionalized trithiocarbonates and its use as chain transfer agents in the RAFT polymerization of styrene. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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A comparison of RAFT and ATRP methods for controlled radical polymerization. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:859-869. [PMID: 37117386 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are the two most common controlled radical polymerization methods. Both methods afford functional polymers with a predefined length, composition, dispersity and end group. Further, RAFT and ATRP tame radicals by reversibly converting active polymeric radicals into dormant chains. However, the mechanisms by which the ATRP and RAFT methods control chain growth are distinct, so each method presents unique opportunities and challenges, depending on the desired application. This Perspective compares RAFT and ATRP by identifying their mechanistic strengths and weaknesses, and their latest synthetic applications.
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9
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Kokkorogianni O, Kontoes-Georgoudakis P, Athanasopoulou M, Polizos N, Pitsikalis M. Statistical Copolymers of N-Vinylpyrrolidone and Isobornyl Methacrylate via Free Radical and RAFT Polymerization: Monomer Reactivity Ratios, Thermal Properties, and Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:778. [PMID: 33802615 PMCID: PMC7961878 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of statistical copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) with isobornyl methacrylate (IBMA) was conducted by free radical and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The reactivity ratios were estimated using the Finemann-Ross, inverted Fineman-Ross, Kelen-Tüdos, extended Kelen-Tüdos and Barson-Fenn graphical methods, along with the computer program COPOINT, modified to both the terminal and the penultimate models. According to COPOINT the reactivity ratios were found to be equal to 0.292 for NVP and 2.673 for IBMA for conventional radical polymerization, whereas for RAFT polymerization and for the penultimate model the following reactivity ratios were obtained: r11 = 4.466, r22 = 0, r21 = 14.830, and r12 = 0 (1 stands for NVP and 2 for IBMA). In all cases, the NVP reactivity ratio was significantly lower than that of IBMA. Structural parameters of the copolymers were obtained by calculating the dyad sequence fractions and the mean sequence length. The thermal properties of the copolymers were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermogravimetry (DTG). The results were compared with those of the respective homopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marinos Pitsikalis
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (O.K.); (P.K.-G.); (M.A.); (N.P.)
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10
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Ng G, Jung K, Li J, Wu C, Zhang L, Boyer C. Screening RAFT agents and photocatalysts to mediate PET-RAFT polymerization using a high throughput approach. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01258d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report a high throughput approach for the screening of RAFT agents and photocatalysts to mediate photoinduced electron/energy transfer-reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervase Ng
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kenward Jung
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chenyu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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11
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Summers GJ, Motsoeneng TS, Summers CA. RAFT polymerization of styrene mediated by oxazolyl-functionalized trithiocarbonate RAFT agents. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Xian C, Yuan Q, Bao Z, Liu G, Wu J. Progress on intelligent hydrogels based on RAFT polymerization: Design strategy, fabrication and the applications for controlled drug delivery. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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13
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Stace SJ, Vanderspikken J, Howard SC, Li G, Muir BW, Fellows CM, Keddie DJ, Moad G. Ab initio RAFT emulsion polymerization mediated by small cationic RAFT agents to form polymers with low molar mass dispersity. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00893d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on low molar mass cationic RAFT agents that provide predictable molar mass and low molar mass dispersities (Đm) in ab initio emulsion polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Stace
- School of Science and Technology
- University of New England
- Armidale
- Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing
| | - Jochen Vanderspikken
- CSIRO Manufacturing
- Clayton South
- Australia
- Hasselt University
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
| | | | - Guoxin Li
- CSIRO Manufacturing
- Clayton South
- Australia
| | | | | | - Daniel J. Keddie
- School of Science and Technology
- University of New England
- Armidale
- Australia
- School of Biology
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14
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Pan X, Guo X, Choi B, Feng A, Wei X, Thang SH. A facile synthesis of pH stimuli biocompatible block copolymer poly(methacrylic acid)-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) utilizing switchable RAFT agents. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00110g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of block copolymer PMAA-b-PNVP utilizing switchable RAFT agents and its self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Pan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Bonnie Choi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Anchao Feng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiaohu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials
- Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co
- Ltd
- Beijing 100123
- China
| | - San H. Thang
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University Clayton Campus
- Australia
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15
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Deane OJ, Lovett JR, Musa OM, Fernyhough A, Armes SP. Synthesis of Well-Defined Pyrrolidone-Based Homopolymers and Stimulus-Responsive Diblock Copolymers via RAFT Aqueous Solution Polymerization of 2-( N-Acryloyloxy)ethylpyrrolidone. Macromolecules 2018; 51:7756-7766. [PMID: 30333669 PMCID: PMC6180295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
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Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PNVP) is a well-known,
highly polar, nonionic water-soluble polymer. However, N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) usually exhibits strongly non-ideal behavior
when copolymerized with methacrylic or styrenic monomers. Moreover,
NVP is not particularly well-controlled under living radical polymerization
conditions. For these reasons, alternative pyrrolidone-based monomers
have been investigated. For example, the reversible addition–fragmentation
chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of 2-(N-methacryloyloxy)ethylpyrrolidone
(NMEP) has been recently investigated using various polymerization
formulations. However, PNMEP homopolymers are significantly less hydrophilic
than PNVP and exhibit inverse temperature solubility in aqueous solution.
In the present work, we studied the RAFT aqueous solution polymerization
of 2-(N-acryloyloxy)ethylpyrrolidone (NAEP)
using either AIBN at 70 °C or a low-temperature redox initiator
at 30 °C. PNAEP homopolymers are obtained in high yield (>99%)
with good control (Mw/Mn < 1.20) for target degrees of polymerization (DP)
of up to 400 using the latter initiator, which produced relatively
fast rates of polymerization. However, targeting DPs above 400 led
to lower NAEP conversions and broader molecular weight distributions.
2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether
acrylate (OEGA) were chain-extended using a PNAEPx macro-CTA via RAFT aqueous solution polymerization, yielding
double-hydrophilic acrylic diblock copolymers with high conversions
(>99%) and good control (Mw/Mn < 1.31). In addition, a PNAEP95 macro-CTA
was chain-extended via RAFT aqueous solution polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) at 22 °C. Dynamic
light scattering (DLS) analysis indicated that heating above the lower
critical solution temperature of PNIPAM led to so-called “anomalous
micellization” at 35 °C and the formation of near-monodisperse
spherical micelles at 40 °C. Finally, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl
methacrylate (DEA) was polymerized using an N-morpholine-functionalized
trithiocarbonate-based RAFT chain transfer agent and subsequently
chain-extended using NAEP to form a novel pH-responsive diblock copolymer.
Above the pKa of PDEA (∼7.3), DLS
and 1H NMR studies indicated the formation of well-defined
PDEA-core spherical micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- O J Deane
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - J R Lovett
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - O M Musa
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, 1005 US 202/206, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - A Fernyhough
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, Listers Mills, Heaton Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD9 4SH, U.K
| | - S P Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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16
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A Critical Survey of Dithiocarbamate Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Agents in Radical Polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Stace SJ, Fellows CM, Moad G, Keddie DJ. Effect of the Z- and Macro-R-Group on the Thermal Desulfurization of Polymers Synthesized with Acid/Base “Switchable” Dithiocarbamate RAFT Agents. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800228. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Stace
- School of Science and Technology; University of New England; Armidale NSW 2350 Australia
| | - Christopher M. Fellows
- School of Science and Technology; University of New England; Armidale NSW 2350 Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing; Bag 10 Clayton South VIC 3169 Australia
| | - Daniel J. Keddie
- School of Science and Technology; University of New England; Armidale NSW 2350 Australia
- School of Sciences; Faculty of Science and Engineering; University of Wolverhampton; Wulfruna Street Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK
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18
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Palanisamy A, Sukhishvili SA. Swelling Transitions in Layer-by-Layer Assemblies of UCST Block Copolymer Micelles. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anbazhagan Palanisamy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Svetlana A. Sukhishvili
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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19
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Tselepy A, Schiller TL, Harrisson S, Guerrero-Sanchez C, Moad G, Keddie DJ. Effect of Scandium Triflate on the RAFT Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate and Vinyl Acetate Controlled by an Acid/Base “Switchable” Chain Transfer Agent. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashton Tselepy
- Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Tara L. Schiller
- International
Institute of Nanocomposites Manufacturing, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Harrisson
- IMRCP,
UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, Cedex 9 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Carlos Guerrero-Sanchez
- CSIRO Manufacturing
Flagship, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) & Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Polymer Libraries GmbH, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing
Flagship, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Daniel J. Keddie
- Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing
Flagship, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
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20
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Gardiner J, Martinez-Botella I, Kohl TM, Krstina J, Moad G, Tyrell JH, Coote ML, Tsanaktsidis J. 4-Halogeno-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carbodithioates: versatile reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer agents with broad applicability. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing; Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Jason H Tyrell
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry; Australian National University; Canberra Australia
| | - Michelle L Coote
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry; Australian National University; Canberra Australia
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21
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Chernikova EV, Sivtsov EV. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization: Fundamentals and use in practice. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090417020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Pearson S, St Thomas C, Guerrero-Santos R, D'Agosto F. Opportunities for dual RDRP agents in synthesizing novel polymeric materials. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00344g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dual RDRP agents provide access to new polymeric materials by combining ATRP, NMP, and RAFT polymerization without end group transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Pearson
- Équipe EPCP
- IPREM UMR 5254
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
- 64053 Pau
- France
| | - Claude St Thomas
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Polymer Synthesis Department
- Coahuila
- México
| | - Ramiro Guerrero-Santos
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Polymer Synthesis Department
- Coahuila
- México
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
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23
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Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers respond to a variety of external stimuli, which include optical, electrical, thermal, mechanical, redox, pH, chemical, environmental and biological signals. This paper is concerned with the process of forming such polymers by RAFT polymerization.
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24
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Guo R, Yao Y, Bai S, Wang Y, Shi Z, Zhang J. Determination and correlation of regioselectivity and dead dormant species from head addition in acrylate RAFT polymerization. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00720e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The dead dormant species from head addition in a RAFT process can be separated and quantified by combining chain-extension and GPEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Shaoling Bai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Zhipeng Shi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
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25
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Peng H, Rübsam K, Huang X, Jakob F, Karperien M, Schwaneberg U, Pich A. Reactive Copolymers Based on N-Vinyl Lactams with Pyridyl Disulfide Side Groups via RAFT Polymerization and Postmodification via Thiol–Disulfide Exchange Reaction. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Peng
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristin Rübsam
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Developmental
BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical
Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Jakob
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Developmental
BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical
Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
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26
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Cunningham VJ, Derry M, Fielding LA, Musa OM, Armes SP. RAFT Aqueous Dispersion Polymerization of N-(2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl)pyrrolidone: A Convenient Low Viscosity Route to High Molecular Weight Water-Soluble Copolymers. Macromolecules 2016; 49:4520-4533. [PMID: 27375300 PMCID: PMC4928143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
RAFT solution polymerization of N-(2-(methacryoyloxy)ethyl)pyrrolidone (NMEP) in ethanol at 70 °C was conducted to produce a series of PNMEP homopolymers with mean degrees of polymerization (DP) varying from 31 to 467. Turbidimetry was used to assess their inverse temperature solubility behavior in dilute aqueous solution, with an LCST of approximately 55 °C being observed in the high molecular weight limit. Then a poly(glycerol monomethacylate) (PGMA) macro-CTA with a mean DP of 63 was chain-extended with NMEP using a RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization formulation at 70 °C. The target PNMEP DP was systematically varied from 100 up to 6000 to generate a series of PGMA63-PNMEP x diblock copolymers. High conversions (≥92%) could be achieved when targeting up to x = 5000. GPC analysis confirmed high blocking efficiencies and a linear evolution in Mn with increasing PNMEP DP. A gradual increase in Mw/Mn was also observed when targeting higher DPs. However, this problem could be minimized (Mw/Mn < 1.50) by utilizing a higher purity grade of NMEP (98% vs 96%). This suggests that the broader molecular weight distributions observed at higher DPs are simply the result of a dimethacrylate impurity causing light branching, rather than an intrinsic side reaction such as chain transfer to polymer. Kinetic studies confirmed that the RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of NMEP was approximately four times faster than the RAFT solution polymerization of NMEP in ethanol when targeting the same DP in each case. This is perhaps surprising because both 1H NMR and SAXS studies indicate that the core-forming PNMEP chains remain relatively solvated at 70 °C in the latter formulation. Moreover, dissolution of the initial PGMA63-PNMEP x particles occurs on cooling from 70 to 20 °C as the PNMEP block passes through its LCST. Hence this RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization formulation offers an efficient route to a high molecular weight water-soluble polymer in a rather convenient low-viscosity form. Finally, the relatively expensive PGMA macro-CTA was replaced with a poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) macro-CTA. High conversions were also achieved for PMAA85-PNMEP x diblock copolymers prepared via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization for x ≤ 4000. Again, better control was achieved when using the 98% purity NMEP monomer in such syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J. Cunningham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Matthew
J. Derry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Lee A. Fielding
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Osama M. Musa
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, 1005 US 202/206, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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27
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Sykes KJ, Harrisson S, Keddie DJ. Phosphorus-Containing Gradient (Block) Copolymers via RAFT Polymerization and Postpolymerization Modification. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J. Sykes
- Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; University of New England; Armidale NSW 2351 Australia
| | - Simon Harrisson
- Laboratoire Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique; UMR 5623 CNRS-UPS Toulouse; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse; 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Daniel J. Keddie
- Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; University of New England; Armidale NSW 2351 Australia
- School of Biology; Chemistry and Forensic Science; Faculty of Science and Engineering; University of Wolverhampton; Wulfruna Street Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK
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28
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Gardiner J, Martinez-Botella I, Tsanaktsidis J, Moad G. Dithiocarbamate RAFT agents with broad applicability – the 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carbodithioates. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01382h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The RAFT agents offerĐ< 1.1 for MAMs, methyl acrylate (MA),N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and styrene, andĐ< 1.3 for LAMs, vinyl acetate (VAc); versatility and end-group fidelity was proved with synthesis both polyDMA-block-polyMA and polyDMA-block-polyVAc.
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