1
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Křivánková N, Kaya K, van der Wijngaart W, Edlund U. Copper-mediated synthesis of temperature-responsive poly( N-acryloyl glycinamide) polymers: a step towards greener and simple polymerisation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29099-29108. [PMID: 37800134 PMCID: PMC10548432 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04993k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials with reversible supramolecular networks controlled by a change in temperature are of interest in medicine, biomedicine and analytical chemistry. For these materials to become more impactful, the development of greener synthetic practices with more sustainable solvents, lower energy consumption and a reduction in metallic catalysts is needed. In this work, we investigate the polymerisation of N-acryloyl glycinamide monomer by single-electron transfer reversible-deactivation radical polymerisation and its effect on the cloud point of the resulting PNAGA polymers. We accomplished 80% conversion within 5 min in water media using a copper wire catalyst. The material exhibited a sharp upper critical solution temperature (UCST) phase transition (10-80% transition within 6 K). These results indicate that UCST-exhibiting PNAGA can be synthesized at ambient temperatures and under non-inert conditions, eliminating the cost- and energy-consuming deoxygenation step. The choice of copper wire as the catalyst allows the possibility of catalyst recycling. Furthermore, we show that the reaction is feasible in a simple vial which would facilitate upscaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Křivánková
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Kerem Kaya
- Intelligent Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Wouter van der Wijngaart
- Intelligent Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
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2
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PVDF-Based Fluoropolymer Modifications via Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerizations. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7798967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Graft modifications of PVDF fluoropolymers have been identified as the efficient route to improve the properties and expand the applications. Taking advantage of C-F and C-Cl bonds in the repeat units, atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRP) were widely used for graft modification. Recently, photoinduced ATRP has shown good spatial and temporal control over the polymerization process in contrast to thermal activation mode. This minireview highlights the progress in PVDF-based fluoropolymer modifications by using photoinduced Cu(II)-mediated ATRP and organocatalyzed ATRP. The challenges and opportunities are proposed with the aim at advancing the development of synthesis and applications of fluoropolymer.
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3
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Kleimyuk EA, Kosyakova A, Buzin AI, Shevchenko VG, Luponosov YN, Ponomarenko SA. Polyvinylidene Fluoride Copolymers with Grafted Polyethyl Methacrylate Chains: Synthesis and Thermal and Dielectric Properties. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238222700138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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5
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Liu Y, Yin F, Hu X, Zhu N, Guo K. Protecting-group-free synthesis of thiol-functionalized degradable polyesters. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protecting-group-free synthesis of thiol-functionalized degradable polyesters has been developed by using chemoselective catalysis and microflow technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuan Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
| | - Fan Yin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
| | - Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
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6
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Patel R, Patel M, Sung JS, Kim JH. Preparation and characterization of bioinert amphiphilic P(VDF-co-CTFE)-g-POEM graft copolymer. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1719143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Patel
- Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering, Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Incheon, 85 Songdogwahak‐ro, Yeonsu‐gu, South Korea
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Jong Hak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Macromolecular engineering approach for the preparation of new architectures from fluorinated olefins and their applications. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Hu X, Li N, Heng T, Fang L, Lu C. Functionalization of PVDF-based copolymer via photo-induced p-anisaldehyde catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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Continuous flow photoinduced phenothiazine derivatives catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Reis MH, Leibfarth FA, Pitet LM. Polymerizations in Continuous Flow: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Diverse Polymeric Materials. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:123-133. [PMID: 35638663 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The number of reports using continuous flow technology in tubular reactors to perform precision polymerizations has grown enormously in recent years. Flow polymerizations allow highly efficient preparation of polymers exhibiting well-defined molecular characteristics, and has been applied to a slew of monomers and various polymerization mechanisms, including anionic, cationic, radical, and ring-opening. Polymerization conducted in continuous flow offers several distinct advantages, including improved efficiency, reproducibility, and enhanced safety for exothermic polymerizations using highly toxic components, high pressures, and high temperatures. The further development of this technology is thus of relevance for many industrial polymerization processes. While much progress has been demonstrated in recent years, opportunities remain for increasing the compositional and architectural complexity of polymeric materials synthesized in a continuous fashion. Extending the reactor processing principles that have heretofore been focused on optimizing homopolymerization to include multisegment block copolymers, particularly from monomers that propagate via incompatible mechanisms, represents a major challenge and coveted target for continuous flow polymerization. Likewise, the spatial and temporal control of reactivity afforded by flow chemistry has and will continue to enable the production of complex polymeric architectures. This Viewpoint offers a brief background of continuous flow polymerization focused primarily on tubular (micro)reactors and includes selected examples that are relevant to these specific developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus H. Reis
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Louis M. Pitet
- Advanced Polymer Functionalization Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
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11
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Park BJ, Kim NU, Ryu DY, Kim JH. P (VDF‐
co
‐CTFE)‐
g
‐P2VP amphiphilic graft copolymers: Synthesis, structure, and permeation properties. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Ju Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringYonsei University 50 Yonseiro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Na Un Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringYonsei University 50 Yonseiro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Du Yeol Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringYonsei University 50 Yonseiro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Jong Hak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringYonsei University 50 Yonseiro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722 South Korea
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12
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Vishwakarma NK, Hwang YH, Mishra AK, Kim JK, Kim DP. A platform for accelerated continuous-flow radical polymerization of acrylates and styrene with copper-wire threads. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00186g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated Cu(0)-mediated homo-/block (co)polymerization of the vinyl monomers is conducted via continuous-flow process with a copper metal-wire catalyst threaded through perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) tube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj K. Vishwakarma
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Ho Hwang
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Avnish Kumar Mishra
- Center for Smart Block Copolymers
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kon Kim
- Center for Smart Block Copolymers
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
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13
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Moreno A, Galià M, Lligadas G, Percec V. SET-LRP in Biphasic Mixtures of the Nondisproportionating Solvent Hexafluoroisopropanol with Water. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:4480-4491. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marina Galià
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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14
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Zhu N, Hu X, Fang Z, Guo K. Continuous Flow Photoinduced Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
| | - Xin Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
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15
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16
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Hu X, Cui G, Zhu N, Zhai J, Guo K. Photoinduced Cu(II)-Mediated RDRP to P(VDF-co-CTFE)-g-PAN. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E68. [PMID: 30966103 PMCID: PMC6415051 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoinduced Cu(II)-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) was employed to synthesize poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene)-graft-polyacrylonitrile (P(VDF-co-CTFE)-g-PAN). The concentration of copper catalyst (CuCl₂) loading was as low as 1/64 equivalent to chlorine atom in the presence of Me₆-Tren under UV irradiation. The light-responsive nature of graft polymerization was confirmed by "off-on" impulsive irradiation experiments. Temporal control of the polymerization process and varied graft contents were achieved via this photoinduced Cu(II)-mediated RDRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advance Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Guopeng Cui
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advance Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advance Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Jinglin Zhai
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advance Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advance Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
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17
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Hu X, Zhang Y, Cui G, Zhu N, Guo K. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) Modification via Organocatalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [PMID: 28921703 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To address the challenge of metal contamination, a "graft from" approach via organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP) is developed to synthesize poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-co-CTFE)) graft copolymers. N-phenylphenothiazine is utilized as a model organic photoredox catalyst for catalyzing the (co)polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), methacrylate (MA), and n-butyl acrylate (BA). By employing this technique, high temporal control of polymerization and graft content are achieved. A series of P(VDF-co-CTFE)-g-PMMA, P(VDF-co-CTFE)-g-PMA, and P(VDF-co-CTFE)-g-PBA is prepared under mild conditions. The resultant graft copolymer can be used as macroinitiator to re-initiate O-ATRP to synthesize P(VDF-co-CTFE)-g-(PMMA-b-PMA), which might exhibit the potential application as novel dielectric material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Guopeng Cui
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
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18
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Lligadas G, Grama S, Percec V. Single-Electron Transfer Living Radical Polymerization Platform to Practice, Develop, and Invent. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2981-3008. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Lligadas
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Laboratory
of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic
Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Silvia Grama
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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19
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Lligadas G, Enayati M, Grama S, Smail R, Sherman SE, Percec V. Ultrafast SET-LRP with Peptoid Cytostatic Drugs as Monofunctional and Bifunctional Initiators. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2610-2622. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Lligadas
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Laboratory
of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic
Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mojtaba Enayati
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Silvia Grama
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Rauan Smail
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Samuel E. Sherman
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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20
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Xiang L, Wang WJ, Li BG, Zhu S. Tailoring Polymer Molecular Weight Distribution and Multimodality in RAFT Polymerization Using Tube Reactor with Recycle. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201700023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Bo-Geng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
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21
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Lligadas G, Grama S, Percec V. Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Biomacromolecules and their Conjugates by Single Electron Transfer-Living Radical Polymerization. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1039-1063. [PMID: 28276244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) represents a robust and versatile tool for the synthesis of vinyl polymers with well-defined topology and chain end functionality. The crucial step in SET-LRP is the disproportionation of the Cu(I)X generated by activation with Cu(0) wire, powder, or nascent Cu(0) generated in situ into nascent, extremely reactive Cu(0) atoms and nanoparticles and Cu(II)X2. Nascent Cu(0) activates the initiator and dormant chains via a homogeneous or heterogeneous outer-sphere single-electron transfer mechanism (SET-LRP). SET-LRP provides an ultrafast polymerization of a plethora of monomers (e.g., (meth)-acrylates, (meth)-acrylamides, styrene, and vinyl chloride) including hydrophobic and water insoluble to hydrophilic and water soluble. Some advantageous features of SET-LRP are (i) the use of Cu(0) wire or powder as readily available catalysts under mild reaction conditions, (ii) their excellent control over molecular weight evolution and distribution as well as polymer chain ends, (iii) their high functional group tolerance allowing the polymerization of commercial-grade monomers, and (iv) the limited purification required for the resulting polymers. In this Perspective, we highlight the recent advancements of SET-LRP in the synthesis of biomacromolecules and of their conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Lligadas
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States.,Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona, Spain
| | - Silvia Grama
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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22
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Peng J, Tian C, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Zhu X. The in situ formation of nanoparticles via RAFT polymerization-induced self-assembly in a continuous tubular reactor. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02133f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PPEGMA-b-PMMA) diblock copolymer nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) at 70 °C in a continuous tubular reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Peng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Chun Tian
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Lifen Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Zhenping Cheng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
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23
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Grama S, Lejnieks J, Enayati M, Smail RB, Ding L, Lligadas G, Monteiro MJ, Percec V. Searching for efficient SET-LRP systems via biphasic mixtures of water with carbonates, ethers and dipolar aprotic solvents. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01349c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Screening biphasic mixtures of water with carbonates, ethers and dipolar aprotic solvents to discover new SET-LRP solvent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Grama
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Jānis Lejnieks
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Mojtaba Enayati
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Rauan B. Smail
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Liang Ding
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
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24
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Abstract
This minireview briefly highlights recent important progress, challenge and the future outlook for continuous flow ring-opening polymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211800
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
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25
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26
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Zhu N, Liu Y, Feng W, Huang W, Zhang Z, Hu X, Fang Z, Li Z, Guo K. Continuous flow protecting-group-free synthetic approach to thiol-terminated poly(ε-caprolactone). Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Yuan J, Zhao W, Pan M, Zhu L. Self-Assembled Colloidal Particle Clusters from In Situ Pickering-Like Emulsion Polymerization via Single Electron Transfer Mechanism. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1282-7. [PMID: 27226331 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A simple route is reported to synthesize colloidal particle clusters (CPCs) from self-assembly of in situ poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(styrene-co-tert-butyl acrylate) [PVDF/P(St-co-tBA)] Janus particles through one-pot seeded emulsion single electron transfer radical polymerization. In the in situ Pickering-like emulsion polymerization, the tBA/St/PVDF feed ratio and polymerization temperature are important for the formation of well-defined CPCs. When the tBA/St/PVDF feed ratio is 0.75 g/2.5 g/0.5 g and the reaction temperature is 35 °C, relatively uniform raspberry-like CPCs are obtained. The hydrophobicity of the P(St-co-tBA) domains and the affinity of PVDF to the aqueous environment are considered to be the driving force for the self-assembly of the in situ formed PVDF/P(St-co-tBA) Janus particles. The resultant raspberry-like CPCs with PVDF particles protruding outward may be promising for superhydrophobic smart coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Yuan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
| | - Weiting Zhao
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
| | - Mingwang Pan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
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28
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Anastasaki A, Nikolaou V, Haddleton DM. Cu(0)-mediated living radical polymerization: recent highlights and applications; a perspective. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01916h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cu(0)-mediated living radical polymerization or single electron transfer living radical polymerization (Cu(0)-mediated LRP or SET-LRP) is a versatile polymerization technique that has attracted considerable interest during the past few years for the facile preparation of advanced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Anastasaki
- University of Warwick
- Chemistry Department
- Coventry
- UK
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
| | | | - David M. Haddleton
- University of Warwick
- Chemistry Department
- Coventry
- UK
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
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