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Hu N, Gao D, Song F, Yang C, Zhang J, Müller-Buschbaum P, Zhong Q. Effect of Embedded g-C 3N 4 Nanosheets on the Hydration and Thermal Response Behavior of Cross-Linked Thermoresponsive Copolymer Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14663-14673. [PMID: 38953342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The effect of embedded graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets on hydration and thermal response behavior of cross-linked thermoresponsive poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate), abbreviated as P(MA-co-MA300), thin films is probed by white light interferometry. Compared with that of the cross-linked pure P(MA-co-MA300) films, the surface roughness of the cross-linked hybrid films is slightly increased, which is caused by the minor aggregation of g-C3N4 nanosheets during the spin-coating process. After exposure to a water vapor atmosphere, both cross-linked pure and hybrid films can absorb water and swell. However, the introduction of g-C3N4 not only induces a larger hydration extent but also triggers a nonlinear transition behavior upon heating. This prominent difference might be related to the residual hydrophilic groups (-NH2 and N-H) on the surface of g-C3N4 nanosheets, which enhance the interaction and absorption capability for water molecules in the hybrid films. Upon further increasing the amount of embedded g-C3N4 nanosheets in films, more hydrogen bonds are formed and a larger hydration extent of films is observed. To break all of the hydrogen bonds in films, a higher transition temperature (TT) is required. The observed hydration and transition behaviors of hybrid films can be used to design hydrogel-based films for hydrogen evolution or wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province & Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Gao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province & Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Feihong Song
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province & Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuanqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province & Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province & Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Song J, Lu H, Liu M, Hu H, Jiang J, Zhang L, Li H. Dopant Enhanced Conjugated Polymer Thin Film for Low-Power, Flexible and Wearable DMMP Sensor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308595. [PMID: 38050930 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymer has the potential to be applied on flexible devices as an active layer, but further investigation is still hindered by poor conductivity and mechanical stability. Here, this work demonstrates a dopant-enhanced conductive polymer thin film and its application in dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) sensor. Among five comparable polymers this work employs, poly(bisdodecylthioquaterthiophene) (PQTS12) achieves the highest doping efficiency after doped by FeCl3, with the conductivity increasing by about five orders of magnitude. The changes in Young's modulus are also considered to optimize the conductivity and flexibility of this thin film, and finally the decay of conductivity is only 9.2% after 3000 times of mechanical bending. This work applies this thin film as the active layer of the DMMP gas sensor, which could be operated under 1 mV driving voltage and 28 nW power consumption, with a sustainable durability against bending and compression. In addition, this sensor is provided with alarm capability while exposed to the DMMP atmospheres at different hazard levels. This work expects that this general approach could offer solutions for the fabrication of low-power and flexible gas sensors, and provide guidance for next-generation wearable devices with broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Hong Hu
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Jingyan Jiang
- College of Big data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
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Wang Q, Wang M, Zheng K, Ye W, Zhang S, Wang B, Long X. High-Performance Room Temperature Ammonia Sensors Based on Pure Organic Molecules Featuring B-N Covalent Bond. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308483. [PMID: 38482745 PMCID: PMC11109643 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Exploring organic semiconductor gas sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity is crucial for the development of sensor technology. Herein, for the first time, a promising chemiresistive organic polymer P-BNT based on a novel π-conjugated triarylboron building block is reported, showcasing an excellent responsivity over 30 000 (Ra/Rg) against 40 ppm of NH3, which is ≈3300 times higher than that of its B-N organic small molecule BN-H. More importantly, a molecular induction strategy to weaken the bond dissociation energy between polymer and NH3 caused by strong acid-base interaction is further executed to optimize the response and recovery time. As a result, the BN-H/P-BNT system with rapid response and recovery times can still exhibit a high responsivity of 718, which is among the highest reported NH3 chemiresistive sensors. Supported by in situ FTIR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, it is revealed that the N-H fractions in BN-H small molecule promoted the charge distribution on phenyl groups, which increases charge delocalization and is more conducive to gas adsorption in such molecular systems. Notably, these distinctive small molecules also promoted charge transfer and enhanced electron concentration of the P-BNT sensing polymer, thus achieving superior B-N-containing organic molecules with excellent sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Meilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Wanneng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Nanoscience and EngineeringHenan UniversityKaifeng475004P. R. China
| | - Binbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
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Fu X, Li J, Zhang G, Zhang C, Fan X. Design of a test bench for gas leaks using CFD simulation and IR-thermography detection. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:531-544. [PMID: 31232646 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1636144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A test bench was constructed to enable the study of the influence of different parameters for gas leaks using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and IR-thermography detection. The results show that the gas chamber should be larger than 300×300×300 mm3. The diameter of fan-sizing should be 100 mm2. However, the influence is not obvious when the temperature changes. Meanwhile, the influence of the geometry of flow disturbance objects is shown by a sphere and cubic type to be obvious. Based on the results of simulation and detection, a schematic diagram for gas leaks is designed. The parameters of the test bench are also confirmed. The simulated and designed test bench can be used to test gas leaks by IR-thermography in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizhen Li
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongmin Zhang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhong Fan
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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