1
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Bolt RRA, Smallman HR, Leitch JA, Bluck GW, Barreteau F, Iosub AV, Constable D, Dapremont O, Richardson P, Browne DL. Solvent Minimized Synthesis of Amides by Reactive Extrusion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408315. [PMID: 39248684 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report on the translation of a small scale ball-milled amidation protocol into a large scale continuous reactive extrusion process. Critical components to the successful translation were: a) understanding how the different operating parameters of a twin-screw extruder should be harnessed to control prolonged continuous operation, and b) consideration of the physical form of the input materials. The amidation reaction is applied to 36 amides spanning a variety of physical form combinations (liquid-liquid, solid-liquid and solid-solid). Following this learning process, we have developed an understanding for the translation of each physical form combination and demonstrated a 7-hour reactive extrusion process for the synthesis of an amide on 500 gram scale (1.3 mols of product).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R A Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, University College London (UCL), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Harry R Smallman
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, University College London (UCL), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie A Leitch
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, University College London (UCL), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin W Bluck
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffauserstrasse, 4332, Stein, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Barreteau
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffauserstrasse, 4332, Stein, Switzerland
| | - Andrei V Iosub
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffauserstrasse, 4332, Stein, Switzerland
| | - David Constable
- ACS, Green Chemistry Institute, retired (formally 1155 Sixteenth Street, NW, Washington, DC-20036, USA
| | | | - Paul Richardson
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, 10770 Science Center Drive, La Jolla, California, 92121
| | - Duncan L Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, University College London (UCL), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
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2
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Ramachandran PV, Singh A, Walker H, Hamann HJ. Borane-Pyridine: An Efficient Catalyst for Direct Amidation. Molecules 2024; 29:268. [PMID: 38202849 PMCID: PMC10780903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Borane-pyridine acts as an efficient (5 mol%) liquid catalyst, providing improved solubility for the direct amidation of a wide range of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids and amines to form secondary and tertiary carboxamides. Tolerance of potentially incompatible halo, nitro, and alkene functionalities has been demonstrated.
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3
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Stolar T, Alić J, Talajić G, Cindro N, Rubčić M, Molčanov K, Užarević K, Hernández JG. Supramolecular intermediates in thermo-mechanochemical direct amidations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13490-13493. [PMID: 37882212 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04448c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We present a solvent-free thermo-mechanochemical approach for the direct coupling of carboxylic acids and amines, which avoids activators and additives. Detailed analysis of the reactions by ex situ and in situ monitoring methods led to the observation, isolation, and characterisation of multicomponent crystalline intermediates that precede the formation of amides. We applied our methodology for the quantitative synthesis of the active pharmaceutical ingredient moclobemide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Stolar
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Jasna Alić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Gregor Talajić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Nikola Cindro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Mirta Rubčić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | | | | | - José G Hernández
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
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4
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Arias-Gómez A, Macías MA, Portilla J. Synthesis of structural analogues of Reversan by ester aminolysis: an access to pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidines from chalcones. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16377-16386. [PMID: 37266500 PMCID: PMC10230348 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02553e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversan, a multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) inhibitor described more than a decade ago, is a commercial drug (CAS: 313397-13-6) that has a high price and is six to eight times more potent than known drug transporter inhibitors. However, to date, a complete route for synthesizing pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-based Reversan is yet to be published. Herein, the silica gel-mediated synthesis of Reversan and a novel family of its structural analogues (amides) via the microwave-assisted amidation reaction of 3-carboethoxy-5,7-diphenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (ester) with primary amines is reported. Moreover, a set of this ester-type precursor was obtained using the NaF/alumina-mediated reaction of 5-amino-3-carboethoxy-1H-pyrazole with chalcones, implying a final removal of H2 using Na2S2O8. Both esters and amides were obtained in high yields using heterogeneous catalyst and solvent-free, highly efficient, and scalable synthetic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Arias-Gómez
- Department of Chemistry, Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Universidad de Los Andes Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
| | - Mario A Macías
- Department of Chemistry, Crystallography and Chemistry of Materials, Universidad de Los Andes Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Department of Chemistry, Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Universidad de Los Andes Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
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5
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de Morais MC, Medeiros GA, Almeida FS, Rocha JDC, Perez-Castillo Y, Keesen TDSL, de Sousa DP. Antileishmanial Activity of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives against Leishmania infantum. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062844. [PMID: 36985814 PMCID: PMC10053546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in South America, the Mediterranean basin, and West and Central Asia. The most affected country, Brazil, reported 4297 VL cases in 2017. L. infantum is transmitted by female phlebotomine sand flies during successive blood meals. There are no validated vaccines to prevent the infection and the treatment relies on drugs that often present severe side effects, which justify the efforts to find new antileishmanial drugs. Cinnamic acid derivatives have shown several pharmacological activities, including antiparasitic action. Therefore, in the present study, the biological evaluation of cinnamic acid and thirty-four derivatives against L. infantum is reported. The compounds were prepared by several synthesis methods and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The results revealed that compound 32 (N-(4-isopropylbenzyl)cinnamamide) was the most potent antileishmanial agent (IC50 = 33.71 μM) with the highest selectivity index (SI > 42.46), followed by compound 15 (piperonyl cinnamate) with an IC50 = 42.80 μM and SI > 32.86. Compound 32 was slightly less potent and nineteen times more selective for the parasite than amphotericin B (MIC = 3.14 uM; SI = 2.24). In the molecular docking study, the most likely target for the compound in L. infantum was aspartyl aminopeptidase, followed by aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial. The data obtained show the antileishmanial potential of this class of compounds and may be used in the search for new drug candidates against Leishmania species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Castro de Morais
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Alves Medeiros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Almeida
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Câmara Rocha
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Yunierkis Perez-Castillo
- Bio-Cheminformatics Research Group and Area de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
| | - Tatjana de Souza Lima Keesen
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
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6
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Lavayssiere M, Lamaty F. Amidation by reactive extrusion for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients teriflunomide and moclobemide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3439-3442. [PMID: 36857661 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06934b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The solventless synthesis of an amide was performed in a twin-screw extruder in the presence of a coupling agent, providing a high yielding and productive method. The reaction conditions were optimized to prepare APIs, teriflunomide and moclobemide.
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7
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Banerjee M, Panjikar PC, Das D, Iyer S, Bhosle AA, Chatterjee A. Grindstone chemistry: A “green” approach for the synthesis and derivatization of heterocycles. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Bento O, Luttringer F, El Dine TM, Pétry N, Bantreil X, Lamaty F. Sustainable Mechanosynthesis of Biologically Active Molecules. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Bento
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry FRANCE
| | | | | | - Nicolas Pétry
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Xavier Bantreil
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry 1919 Rte de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
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9
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Procopio D, Siciliano C, Trombino S, Dumitrescu DE, Suciu F, Di Gioia ML. Green solvents for the formation of amide linkages. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:1137-1149. [PMID: 34821895 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01814k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The formation of the amide bond is among the most commonly performed transformations in the pharmaceutical industry and the wider chemical industry. The current methods for its installation in organic compounds frequently rely on the use of large amounts of organic solvents, mainly N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and dichloromethane (DCM), which have been associated with adverse environmental and health concerns over the last decades. This fact led academia and industry to make significant efforts toward the development of synthetic routes with the aim to avoid, reduce or replace the use of hazardous solvents. The present review fits into this framework and discusses the literature existing over the past ten years on strategies for reducing and replacing hazardous solvents, focusing on the use of biobased and neoteric solvents, such as ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents (ILs and DESs, respectively), and on the reaction media that proved to be greener alternatives for amide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Procopio
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Carlo Siciliano
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Denisa Elena Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius, University Constanta, Str. Cpt. Av. Al. Serbanescu, Campus Corp C, Constanta, Romania
| | - Felicia Suciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius, University Constanta, Str. Cpt. Av. Al. Serbanescu, Campus Corp C, Constanta, Romania
| | - Maria Luisa Di Gioia
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
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10
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Gómez-Carpintero J, Sánchez JD, González JF, Menéndez JC. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Primary Amides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14232-14237. [PMID: 34596412 PMCID: PMC8524419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ball milling of aromatic, heteroaromatic, vinylic, and aliphatic esters with ethanol and calcium nitride afforded the corresponding primary amides in a transformation that was compatible with a variety of functional groups and maintained the integrity of a stereocenter α to carbonyl. This methodology was applied to α-amino esters and N-BOC dipeptide esters and also to the synthesis of rufinamide, an antiepileptic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gómez-Carpintero
- Unidad de Química Orgánica
y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias
Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Domingo Sánchez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica
y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias
Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Francisco González
- Unidad de Química Orgánica
y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias
Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica
y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias
Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Nicholson WI, Barreteau F, Leitch JA, Payne R, Priestley I, Godineau E, Battilocchio C, Browne DL. Direct Amidation of Esters by Ball Milling**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William I. Nicholson
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Park Place, Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Fabien Barreteau
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Schaffauserstrasse 101 4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Riley Payne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Ian Priestley
- Syngenta Ltd. Huddersfield Manufacturing Centre Huddersfield HD2 1FF UK
| | - Edouard Godineau
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Schaffauserstrasse 101 4332 Stein Switzerland
| | | | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury London WC1N 1AX UK
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12
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Nicholson WI, Barreteau F, Leitch JA, Payne R, Priestley I, Godineau E, Battilocchio C, Browne DL. Direct Amidation of Esters by Ball Milling*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21868-21874. [PMID: 34357668 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The direct mechanochemical amidation of esters by ball milling is described. The operationally simple procedure requires an ester, an amine, and substoichiometric KOtBu and was used to prepare a large and diverse library of 78 amide structures with modest to excellent efficiency. Heteroaromatic and heterocyclic components are specifically shown to be amenable to this mechanochemical protocol. This direct synthesis platform has been applied to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and agrochemicals as well as the gram-scale synthesis of an active pharmaceutical, all in the absence of a reaction solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- William I Nicholson
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Fabien Barreteau
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffauserstrasse 101, 4332, Stein, Switzerland
| | - Jamie A Leitch
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, University College London (UCL), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Riley Payne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, University College London (UCL), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Ian Priestley
- Syngenta Ltd., Huddersfield Manufacturing Centre, Huddersfield, HD2 1FF, UK
| | - Edouard Godineau
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffauserstrasse 101, 4332, Stein, Switzerland
| | | | - Duncan L Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, University College London (UCL), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
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13
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Catalytic and non-catalytic amidation of carboxylic acid substrates. Mol Divers 2021; 26:1311-1344. [PMID: 34120303 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present review offers an apt summary of amide bond formation with carboxylic acid substrates by taking advantage of several methods. Carboxamides can be regarded as a substantial part of organic and medicinal chemistry due to their utility in synthesizing peptides, lactams, and more than 25% of familiar drugs. Moreover, they play a leading role in the synthesis of bioactive products with anticancer, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. The data are arranged based on the type and amount of reagents used to conduct amidation and are also divided into the following categories: catalytic amidation of carboxylic acids, non-catalytic amidation, and transamidation.
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14
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Das D, Bhutia ZT, Panjikar PC, Chatterjee A, Banerjee M. A simple and efficient route to 2‐arylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines and zolimidine using automated grindstone chemistry. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Das
- Department of Chemistry BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar Goa India
| | - Zigmee T. Bhutia
- Department of Chemistry BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar Goa India
| | - Padmini C. Panjikar
- Department of Chemistry BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar Goa India
- Pravatibai Chowgule College of Arts and Science (Autonomus) Margao Goa India
| | - Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar Goa India
| | - Mainak Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar Goa India
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15
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Broumidis E, Jones MC, Vilela F, Lloyd GO. Mechanochemical Synthesis of N‐Aryl Amides from O‐Protected Hydroxamic Acids. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1754-1761. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Broumidis
- Institute of Chemical SciencesSchool of Engineering & Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Mary C. Jones
- Institute of Chemical SciencesSchool of Engineering & Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Filipe Vilela
- Institute of Chemical SciencesSchool of Engineering & Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Gareth O. Lloyd
- School of ChemistryJoseph Banks LaboratoriesUniversity of Lincoln Lincoln LN6 7TS United Kingdom
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16
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Avila-Ortiz CG, Juaristi E. Novel Methodologies for Chemical Activation in Organic Synthesis under Solvent-Free Reaction Conditions. Molecules 2020; 25:E3579. [PMID: 32781678 PMCID: PMC7464687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One central challenge for XXI century chemists is the development of sustainable processes that do not represent a risk either to humanity or to the environment. In this regard, the search for more efficient and clean alternatives to achieve the chemical activation of molecules involved in chemical transformations has played a prominent role in recent years. The use of microwave or UV-Vis light irradiation, and mechanochemical activation is already widespread in many laboratories. Nevertheless, an additional condition to achieve "green" processes comes from the point of view of so-called atom economy. The removal of solvents from chemical reactions generally leads to cleaner, more efficient and more economical processes. This review presents several illustrative applications of the use of sustainable protocols in the synthesis of organic compounds under solvent-free reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Gabriela Avila-Ortiz
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
- El Colegio Nacional, Donceles 104, Centro Histórico, 06020 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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17
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Gonay M, Batisse C, Paquin JF. Synthesis of Acyl Fluorides from Carboxylic Acids Using NaF-Assisted Deoxofluorination with XtalFluor-E. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10253-10260. [PMID: 32691597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of acyl fluorides using the deoxofluorination reaction of carboxylic acids using XtalFluor-E is described. This transformation, assisted by a catalytic amount of NaF, occurs at room temperature in EtOAc, where XtalFluor-E behaves as the activating agent and the fluoride source. A wide range of acyl fluorides were obtained in moderate to excellent yields (36-99%) after a simple filtration on a pad of silica gel. We also demonstrated that sequential deoxofluorination/amidation was possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Gonay
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Chloé Batisse
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
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18
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Irving C, Floreancig JT, Laulhé S. Amide Synthesis through the In Situ Generation of Chloro- and Imido-Phosphonium Salts. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:15734-15745. [PMID: 32637849 PMCID: PMC7331200 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe a methodology for the amidation of carboxylic acids by generating phosphonium salts in situ from N-chlorophthalimide and triphenylphosphine. Aliphatic, benzylic, and aromatic carboxylic acids can be transformed into their amide counter parts using primary and secondary amines. This functional group interconversion is achieved at room temperature in good to excellent yields. Mechanistic work shows the in situ formation of chloro- and imido-phosphonium salts that react as activating agents for carboxylic acids and generate an acyloxy-phosphonium species.
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19
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Yadav D, Awasthi SK. An unsymmetrical covalent organic polymer for catalytic amide synthesis. Dalton Trans 2019; 49:179-186. [PMID: 31799570 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03931g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the first report on the Covalent Organic Polymer (COP) directed non-classical synthesis of an amide bond. An economical route has been chosen for the synthesis of APC-COP using p-aminophenol and cyanuric chloride. APC-COP acts as a smart, valuable and sustainable catalyst for efficient access to the amide bond under mild conditions at room temperature in 30 min. APC-COP exhibits selectivity towards carboxylic acids over esters. The key features of this protocol involve the variety of parameters, viz. wider substrate scope, no use of additive and recyclability, which makes this approach highly desirable in gramscale synthesis. Moreover, we have shown the practical utility of the present method in the catalytic synthesis of paracetamol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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20
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Kumar A, Kumar N, Sharma R, Bhargava G, Mahajan D. Direct Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Various Nitrogen-Containing Compounds in the One-Pot Exploiting Curtius Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11323-11334. [PMID: 31393719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report, a single-pot multistep conversion of inactivated carboxylic acids to various N-containing compounds using a common synthetic methodology. The developed methodology rendered the use of carboxylic acids as a direct surrogate of primary amines, for the synthesis of primary ureas, secondary/tertiary ureas, O/S-carbamates, benzoyl ureas, amides, and N-formyls, exploiting the Curtius reaction. This approach has a potential to provide a diversified library of N-containing compounds, starting from a single carboxylic acid, based on the selection of the nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Drug Discovery Research Center , Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , Haryana 121001 , India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Drug Discovery Research Center , Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , Haryana 121001 , India
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences , I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University , Kapurthala , Punjab 144603 , India
| | - Gaurav Bhargava
- Department of Chemical Sciences , I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University , Kapurthala , Punjab 144603 , India
| | - Dinesh Mahajan
- Drug Discovery Research Center , Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , Haryana 121001 , India
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21
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Salimiyan K, Saberi D. Choline Chloride/Urea as an Eco‐Friendly Deep Eutectic Solvent for TCT‐Mediated Amide Coupling at Room Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201804066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimiya Salimiyan
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of SciencesPersian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
| | - Dariush Saberi
- Marine Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of Marine Science and TechnologyPersian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
- Fisheries and Aquaculture DepartmentFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesPersian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
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22
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Varnava KG, Sarojini V. Making Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Greener: A Review of the Literature. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1088-1097. [PMID: 30681290 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To date, the synthesis of peptides is concurrent with the production of enormous amounts of toxic waste. DMF, CH2 Cl2 , and NMP are three of the most toxic organic solvents used in chemical synthesis and are the most common solvents used for peptide synthesis. Additionally, concerns about the hepatotoxicity caused by exposure to DMF and from the toxic and allergenic nature of additives used in peptide synthesis necessitates the need for a green, environmentally friendly, and safer protocol for peptide synthesis. This review summarizes the current literature on green solid-phase peptide synthesis successes and challenges encountered. The review concludes with suggestions for future research towards a simple and efficient green peptide synthesis protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriakos G Varnava
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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23
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of novel 2-(2-cyanophenyl)-N-phenylacetamide derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Jaita S, Phakhodee W, Chairungsi N, Pattarawarapan M. Mechanochemical synthesis of primary amides from carboxylic acids using TCT/NH4SCN. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Bolm C, Hernández JG. From Synthesis of Amino Acids and Peptides to Enzymatic Catalysis: A Bottom-Up Approach in Mechanochemistry. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:1410-1420. [PMID: 29436773 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, chemical reactions induced or facilitated by mechanical energy have gained recognition in diverse areas of chemical synthesis. In particular, mechanosyntheses of amino acids and short peptides, along with their applications in catalysis, have revealed the high degree of stability of peptide bonds in environments of harsh mechanical stress. These observations quickly led to the recent interest in developing mechanochemical enzymatic reactions. Experimentally, manual grinding, ball-milling techniques, and twin-screw extrusion technology have proven valuable to convey mechanical forces into a chemical synthesis. These practices have enabled the establishment of more sustainable alternatives for chemical synthesis by reducing the use of organic solvents and waste production, thereby having a direct impact on the E-factor of the chemical process. In this Minireview, the series of events that allowed the development of mechanochemical enzymatic reactions are described from a bottom-up perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - José G Hernández
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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26
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Zhang J, Ma Y, Ma Y. Synthesis of Secondary Amides through the Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Arylboronic Acids with Amines or Hydrazines and Carbon Monoxide. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science & Technology; Weiyang Campus 710021 Xi′an People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiang Ma
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science & Technology; Weiyang Campus 710021 Xi′an People's Republic of China
| | - Yangmin Ma
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science & Technology; Weiyang Campus 710021 Xi′an People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry; Ministry of Education; Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; Weiyang Campus 710021 Xi'an People's Republic of China
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27
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Tan D, Loots L, Friščić T. Towards medicinal mechanochemistry: evolution of milling from pharmaceutical solid form screening to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:7760-81. [PMID: 27185190 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This overview highlights the emergent area of mechanochemical reactions for making active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and covers the latest advances in the recently established area of mechanochemical screening and synthesis of pharmaceutical solid forms, specifically polymorphs, cocrystals, salts and salt cocrystals. We also provide an overview of the most recent developments in pharmaceutical uses of mechanochemistry, including real-time reaction monitoring, techniques for polymorph control and approaches for continuous manufacture using twin screw extrusion, and more. Most importantly, we show how the overlap of previously unrelated areas of mechanochemical screening for API solid forms, organic synthesis by milling, and mechanochemical screening for molecular recognition, enables the emergence of a new research discipline in which different aspects of pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry are addressed through mechanochemistry rather than through conventional solution-based routes. The emergence of such medicinal mechanochemistry is likely to have a strong impact on future pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry, as it offers not only access to materials and reactivity that are sometimes difficult or even impossible to access from solution, but can also provide a general answer to the demands of the pharmaceutical industry for cleaner, safer and efficient synthetic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Leigh Loots
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
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28
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An efficient procedure for chemoselective amidation from carboxylic acid and amine (ammonium salt) under mild conditions. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-3229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
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30
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Maurin O, Verdié P, Subra G, Lamaty F, Martinez J, Métro TX. Peptide synthesis: ball-milling, in solution, or on solid support, what is the best strategy? Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2087-2093. [PMID: 33613776 PMCID: PMC7874854 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While presenting particularly interesting advantages, peptide synthesis by ball-milling was never compared to the two traditional strategies, namely peptide syntheses in solution and on solid support (solid-phase peptide synthesis, SPPS). In this study, the challenging VVIA tetrapeptide was synthesized by ball-milling, in solution, and on solid support. The three strategies were then compared in terms of yield, purity, reaction time and environmental impact. The results obtained enabled to draw some strengths and weaknesses of each strategy, and to foresee what will have to be implemented to build more efficient and sustainable peptide syntheses in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Maurin
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, cc1703, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Pascal Verdié
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, cc1703, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Gilles Subra
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, cc1703, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, cc1703, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, cc1703, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Thomas-Xavier Métro
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, cc1703, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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31
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Wróblewska A, Paluch P, Wielgus E, Bujacz G, Dudek MK, Potrzebowski MJ. Approach toward the Understanding of Coupling Mechanism for EDC Reagent in Solvent-Free Mechanosynthesis. Org Lett 2017; 19:5360-5363. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Wróblewska
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Paluch
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wielgus
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bujacz
- Institute
of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego
4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta K. Dudek
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek J. Potrzebowski
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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32
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Synthesis and structural characterization of a highly substituted triazine ring comprising a sterically flexible methylene linker and coordinating substituents. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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33
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Landeros JM, Juaristi E. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Dipeptides Using Mg-Al Hydrotalcite as Activating Agent under Solvent-Free Reaction Conditions. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Landeros
- Departamento de Química; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Avenida IPN No. 2508 07360 Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Avenida IPN No. 2508 07360 Ciudad de México Mexico
- El Colegio Nacional; Luis González Obregón No. 23, Centro Histórico 06020 Ciudad de México Mexico
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34
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Jiang L, Yu J, Niu F, Zhang D, Sun X. A high-efficient method for the amidation of carboxylic acids promoted by triphenylphosphine oxide and oxalyl chloride. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixue Jiang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Fanfan Niu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Derundong Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Xiaoling Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai China
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35
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Mocci R, Luca LD, Delogu F, Porcheddu A. An Environmentally Sustainable Mechanochemical Route to Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Mocci
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; SS 554 bivio per Sestu 09042 Monserrato (Ca Italy
| | - Lidia De Luca
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia; via Vienna 2 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica, e dei Materiali; via Marengo 2 09123 Cagliari Italy
| | - Andrea Porcheddu
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; SS 554 bivio per Sestu 09042 Monserrato (Ca Italy
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36
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Pattarawarapan M, Jaita S, Phakhodee W. A convenient synthesis of 4-arylidene-2-phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolones under solvent-assisted grinding. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Porte V, Thioloy M, Pigoux T, Métro TX, Martinez J, Lamaty F. Peptide Mechanosynthesis by Direct Coupling of N
-Protected α-Amino Acids with Amino Esters. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Porte
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Marion Thioloy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Titouan Pigoux
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Thomas-Xavier Métro
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
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38
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Pattarawarapan M, Jaita S, Wangngae S, Phakhodee W. Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of substituted guanidines from thioureas. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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39
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Polindara-García LA, Juaristi E. Synthesis of Ugi 4-CR and Passerini 3-CR Adducts under Mechanochemical Activation. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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40
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Wan JP, Jing Y. Recent advances in copper-catalyzed C-H bond amidation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:2209-22. [PMID: 26664644 PMCID: PMC4660963 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper catalysis has been known as a powerful tool for its ubiquitous application in organic synthesis. One of the fundamental utilities of copper catalysis is in the C–N bond formation by using carbon sources and nitrogen functional groups such as amides. In this review, the recent progress in the amidation reactions employing copper-catalyzed C–H amidation is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Jing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
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41
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42
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Rao SN, Chandra Mohan D, Adimurthy S. H-β-zeolite catalyzed transamidation of carboxamides, phthalimide, formamides and thioamides with amines under neat conditions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16933j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient transamidation of unactivated carboxamides, phthalimides, formamides and thioamides with amines under solvent-free conditions using H-β-zeolite as a green and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadu Nageswara Rao
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research
- CSIR–Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
| | - Darapaneni Chandra Mohan
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research
- CSIR–Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
| | - Subbarayappa Adimurthy
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research
- CSIR–Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
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