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Somorin T, Fidalgo B, Hassan S, Sowale A, Kolios A, Parker A, Williams L, Collins M, McAdam EJ, Tyrrel S. Non-isothermal drying kinetics of human feces. DRYING TECHNOLOGY 2019; 38:1819-1827. [PMID: 33767602 PMCID: PMC7932498 DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2019.1670205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The non-isothermal drying behavior and kinetics of human feces (HF) were investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis to provide data for designing a drying unit operation. The effect of heating rate and blending with woody biomass were also evaluated on drying pattern and kinetics. At low heating rate (1 K/min), there is effective transport of moisture, but a higher heating rate would be necessary at low moisture levels to reduce drying time. Blending with wood biomass improves drying characteristics of HF. The results presented in this study are relevant for designing non-sewered sanitary systems with in-situ thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Somorin
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - B. Fidalgo
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - S. Hassan
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - A. Sowale
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - A. Kolios
- Naval Architecture, Ocean & Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - A. Parker
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - L. Williams
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - M. Collins
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - E. J. McAdam
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - S. Tyrrel
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
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