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Meng Y, Chiou AS, Aasi SZ, See NA, Song X, Zare RN. Noninvasive Detection of Skin Cancer by Imprint Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:28-32. [PMID: 38155587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a technique for the noninvasive detection of skin cancer by imprint desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) using a transfer agent that is pressed against the tissue of interest. By noninvasively pressing a tape strip against human skin, metabolites, fatty acids, and lipids on the skin surface are transferred to the tape with little spatial distortion. Running DESI-MSI on the tape strip provides chemical images of the molecules on the skin surface, which are valuable for distinguishing cancer from healthy skin. Chemical components of the tissue imprint on the tape strip and the original basal cell carcinoma (BCC) section from the mass spectra show high consistency. By comparing MS images (about 150-μm resolution) of same molecules from the tape strip and from the BCC section, we confirm that chemical patterns are successfully transferred to the tape stripe. We also used the technique to distinguish cherry angiomas from normal human skin by comparing the molecular patterns from a tape strip. These results demonstrate the potential of the imprint DESI-MSI technique for the noninvasive detection of skin cancers as well as other skin diseases before and during clinical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Albert S Chiou
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sumaira Z Aasi
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Niki A See
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Lu T, Liu Y, Zhou L, Liao Q, Nie Y, Wang X, Lei X, Hong P, Feng Y, Hu X, Zhang Y. The screening for marine fungal strains with high potential in alkaloids production by in situ colony assay and LC-MS/MS based secondary metabolic profiling. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1144328. [PMID: 37206330 PMCID: PMC10191116 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1144328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alkaloids are the second primary class of secondary metabolites (SMs) from marine organisms, most of which have antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. However, the SMs obtained by traditional isolation strategies have drawbacks such as highly reduplication and weak bioactivity. Therefore, it is significantly important to establish an efficient strategy for screening strains and mining novel compounds. Methods In this study, we utilized in situ colony assay combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify the strain with high potential in alkaloids production. The strain was identified by genetic marker genes and morphological analysis. The secondary metabolites from the strain were isolated by the combine use of vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), ODS column chromatography, and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were elucidated by 1D/2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and other spectroscopic technologies. Finally, these compounds bioactivity were assay, including anti-inflammatory and anti-β aggregation. Results Eighteen marine fungi were preliminarily screened for alkaloids production by in situ colony assay using Dragendorff reagent as dye, and nine of them turned orange, which indicated abundant alkaloids. By thin-layer chromatography (TLC), LC-MS/MS, and multiple approaches assisted Feature-Based Molecular Networking (FBMN) analysis of fermentation extracts, a strain ACD-5 (Penicillium mallochii with GenBank accession number OM368350) from sea cucumber gut was selected for its diverse alkaloids profiles especially azaphilones. In bioassays, the crude extracts of ACD-5 in Czapek-dox broth and brown rice medium showed moderate antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, anti-neuroinflammatory, and anti-β aggregation activities. Three chlorinated azaphilone alkaloids, compounds 1-3 (sclerotioramine, isochromophilone VI, and isochromophilone IX, respectively), were isolated from the fermentation products of ACD-5 in brown rice medium guided by bioactivities and mass spectrometry analysis. Compound 1 had shown remarkable anti-neuroinflammatory activity in liposaccharide induced BV-2 cells. Conclusion In summary, in situ colony screening together with LC-MS/MS, multi-approach assisted FBMN can act as an efficient screening method for strains with potential in alkaloids production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yayue Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Provincial Ministry Collaborative Innovation Center for Key Technologies of Marine Food Finishing and Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Longjian Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Provincial Ministry Collaborative Innovation Center for Key Technologies of Marine Food Finishing and Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingnan Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yingying Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xingyuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Provincial Ministry Collaborative Innovation Center for Key Technologies of Marine Food Finishing and Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Provincial Ministry Collaborative Innovation Center for Key Technologies of Marine Food Finishing and Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xueqiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Provincial Ministry Collaborative Innovation Center for Key Technologies of Marine Food Finishing and Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Provincial Ministry Collaborative Innovation Center for Key Technologies of Marine Food Finishing and Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ,
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Wu L, Qi K, Liu C, Hu Y, Xu M, Pan Y. Enhanced Coverage and Sensitivity of Imprint DESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Plant Leaf Metabolites by Post-photoionization. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15108-15116. [PMID: 36201321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plant metabolites exhibit a variety of different chemical properties, physiological activities, and biological functions. However, untargeted imaging of highly diverse metabolic profiles is still a great challenge. Here, metabolites in plant leaves were imaged via imprint, followed by desorption electrospray ionization/post-photoionization (imprint DESI/PI) mass spectrometry imaging. In contrast to the traditional imprint DESI method, quite a few metabolites, such as terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, alkylphenols, amino acids, phenolic acids, tannins, and lipids, in fresh sage leaves, ginkgo leaves, and tea leaves were well detected and imaged by imprint DESI/PI. More than 80 metabolites were additionally identified, and more than 1 order of magnitude higher signal intensities were obtained for most metabolites in the negative ion mode. By virtue of the significant improvement of coverage and sensitivity of PI, the catechin biosynthesis network in fresh tea leaves could be clearly illustrated, indicating the potential applicability of imprint DESI/PI in exploring the sites and pathways of plant metabolic conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liutian Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Keke Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Chengyuan Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Center of Technology, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co, Ltd., Hefei 230088, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Minggao Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Yang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
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Accelerating strain phenotyping with desorption electrospray ionization-imaging mass spectrometry and untargeted analysis of intact microbial colonies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2109633118. [PMID: 34857637 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109633118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reading and writing DNA were once the rate-limiting step in synthetic biology workflows. This has been replaced by the search for the optimal target sequences to produce systems with desired properties. Directed evolution and screening mutant libraries are proven technologies for isolating strains with enhanced performance whenever specialized assays are available for rapidly detecting a phenotype of interest. Armed with technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, these experiments are capable of generating libraries of up to 1010 genetic variants. At a rate of 102 samples per day, standard analytical methods for assessing metabolic phenotypes represent a major bottleneck to modern synthetic biology workflows. To address this issue, we have developed a desorption electrospray ionization-imaging mass spectrometry screening assay that directly samples microorganisms. This technology increases the throughput of metabolic measurements by reducing sample preparation and analyzing organisms in a multiplexed fashion. To further accelerate synthetic biology workflows, we utilized untargeted acquisitions and unsupervised analytics to assess multiple targets for future engineering strategies within a single acquisition. We demonstrate the utility of the developed method using Escherichia coli strains engineered to overproduce free fatty acids. We determined discrete metabolic phenotypes associated with each strain, which include the primary fatty acid product, secondary products, and additional metabolites outside the engineered product pathway. Furthermore, we measured changes in amino acid levels and membrane lipid composition, which affect cell viability. In sum, we present an analytical method to accelerate synthetic biology workflows through rapid, untargeted, and multiplexed metabolomic analyses.
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Tata A, Marzoli F, Massaro A, Passabì E, Bragolusi M, Negro A, Cristaudo I, Piro R, Belluco S. Assessing direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry for the identification and serotyping of Legionella pneumophila. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:1479-1488. [PMID: 34543502 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The efficacy of ambient mass spectrometry to identify and serotype Legionella pneumophila was assessed. To this aim, isolated waterborne colonies were submitted to a rapid extraction method and analysed by direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS). METHODS AND RESULTS The DART-HRMS profiles, coupled with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), were first evaluated for their ability to differentiate Legionella spp. from other bacteria. The resultant classification model achieved an accuracy of 98.1% on validation. Capitalising on these encouraging results, DART-HRMS profiling was explored as an alternative approach for the identification of L. pneumophila sg. 1, L. pneumophila sg. 2-15 and L. non-pneumophila; therefore, a different PLS-DA classifier was built. When tested on a validation set, this second classifier reached an overall accuracy of 95.93%. It identified the harmful L. pneumophila sg. 1 with an impressive specificity (100%) and slightly lower sensitivity (91.7%), and similar performances were reached in the classification of L. pneumophila sg. 2-15 and L. non-pneumophila. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show the DART-HMRS method has good accuracy, and it is an effective method for Legionella serogroup profiling. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These preliminary findings could open a new avenue for the rapid identification and quick epidemiologic tracing of L. pneumophila, with a consequent improvement to risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tata
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Filippo Marzoli
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Massaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Eleonora Passabì
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marco Bragolusi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Negro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cristaudo
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Piro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Simone Belluco
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
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Perez CJ, Ifa DR. Internal standard application strategies in mass spectrometry imaging by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9053. [PMID: 33474774 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE We developed a model case study to evaluate three internal standard (IS) application strategies (methods I-III) using the psycholeptic phenobarbital (PB) and the isotopically labelled IS phenobarbital-D5 (PB-D5) from in vitro dosed tissues of the golden apple snail (Pomacea diffusa) by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI). METHODS In method I, the IS was deposited as microspots on top of 10 μm thick snail tissues; in method II, a thin IS film was applied; and in method III, the IS was spiked into the DESI solvent spray. DESI-MSI analyses were performed using a Thermo LTQ mass spectrometer equipped with a custom-built DESI source and two-dimensional moving stage. PB (m/z 231) and PB-D5 (m/z 236) were monitored in selected ion monitoring mode between m/z 227 and 239. RESULTS The analytical performance of two IS strategies (methods I and II) in DESI-MSI was evaluated based on an intra- and inter-day precision assay, an accuracy assessment, and statistical analysis. In the inter-day DESI-MSI assay, method I exhibited better precision (6.5%-7.4%) than method II (10.7%-17.6%) between 10 and 100 ng/μL. In the accuracy assessment, PB quality controls of 75 ng/μL were back-calculated as 71 ± 4 and 83 ± 9 ng/μL, resulting in relative errors of -5% and 11% for methods I and II, respectively. Method III did not work under the experimental design and was not evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Three IS application strategies were investigated and compared for a routine quantitative DESI-MSI approach. Methods I and II were not statistically significantly different as shown by a Bland-Altman plot, suggesting that these two methods can be used interchangeably. However, method III requires further research for future quantitative DESI-MSI analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo J Perez
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Demian R Ifa
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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Chen L, Ghiasvand A, Rodriguez ES, Innis PC, Paull B. Applications of nanomaterials in ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Perez CJ, Conceição RS, Ifa DR. Chemical profiling and separation of bioactive secondary metabolites in Maca (Lepidium peruvianum) by normal and reverse phase thin layer chromatography coupled to desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4690. [PMID: 33410238 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Maca is a Peruvian tuberous root of the Brassicaceae family grown in the central Andes between altitudes of 4000 and 4500 m. The medicinal plant is a nutraceutical with important biological activities and health effects. In this study, we report a rapid high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)-(-)desorption electrospray ionization (DESI)-mass spectrometry (MS) method to profile and separate intact glucosinolates without prior biochemical modifications from the hydromethanolic extracts of two phenotypes, red and black Maca (Lepidium peruvianum) seeds. In the first stage of the plant's life cycle, aromatic glucosinolates were the main chemical constituents whereby six aromatic, three indole, and one aliphatic glucosinolate were tentatively identified. At the seedling stage, glucolepigramin/Glucosinalbin was the most predominant precursor, rather than Glucotropaeolin, which is mainly found in hypocotyls and roots. These findings lead us to suggest that glucolepigramin/glucosinalbin play a major role as active precursors in the biosynthetic pathways of other secondary metabolites in the early stages of plant development. Between red and black Maca seeds, only minor differences in the relative abundances of glucosinolates were observed rather than different plant metabolites. For the first time, we report six potential plant antibiotics, phytoanticipins: glycosylated ascorbigens and dihydroascorbigens from Maca seeds. We also investigated a targeted reverse phase C18 functionalized TLC-DESI-MS method with high sensitivity and specificity for Brassicaceae fatty acids in Maca seeds and health supplements such as black Maca root lyophilized powder and tinctures. The investigation of secondary metabolites by normal and reverse phase TLC-DESI-MS methods, described in this study, can aid in their identification as they begin to emerge in later stages of development in plant tissues such as leaves, hypocotyls, and roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo J Perez
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodrigo S Conceição
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Demian R Ifa
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Domenick TM, Gill EL, Vedam-Mai V, Yost RA. Mass Spectrometry-Based Cellular Metabolomics: Current Approaches, Applications, and Future Directions. Anal Chem 2020; 93:546-566. [PMID: 33146525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Domenick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Emily L Gill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283, United States
| | - Vinata Vedam-Mai
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Richard A Yost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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Calla-Quispe E, Fuentes-Rivera HL, Ramírez P, Martel C, Ibañez AJ. Mass Spectrometry: A Rosetta Stone to Learn How Fungi Interact and Talk. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E89. [PMID: 32575729 PMCID: PMC7345136 DOI: 10.3390/life10060089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi are a highly diverse group of heterotrophic organisms that play an important role in diverse ecological interactions, many of which are chemically mediated. Fungi have a very versatile metabolism, which allows them to synthesize a large number of still little-known chemical compounds, such as soluble compounds that are secreted into the medium and volatile compounds that are chemical mediators over short and long distances. Mass spectrometry (MS) is currently playing a dominant role in mycological studies, mainly due to its inherent sensitivity and rapid identification capabilities of different metabolites. Furthermore, MS has also been used as a reliable and accurate tool for fungi identification (i.e., biotyping). Here, we introduce the readers about fungal specialized metabolites, their role in ecological interactions and provide an overview on the MS-based techniques used in fungal studies. We particularly present the importance of sampling techniques, strategies to reduce false-positive identification and new MS-based analytical strategies that can be used in mycological studies, further expanding the use of MS in broader applications. Therefore, we foresee a bright future for mass spectrometry-based research in the field of mycology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Calla-Quispe
- Instituto de Ciencias Ómicas y Biotecnología Aplicada (ICOBA), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel 15088, Lima, Peru; (E.C.-Q.); (H.L.F.-R.); (C.M.)
| | - Hammerly Lino Fuentes-Rivera
- Instituto de Ciencias Ómicas y Biotecnología Aplicada (ICOBA), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel 15088, Lima, Peru; (E.C.-Q.); (H.L.F.-R.); (C.M.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Av. Germán Amézaga 375, Lima 15081, Peru;
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Av. Germán Amézaga 375, Lima 15081, Peru;
| | - Carlos Martel
- Instituto de Ciencias Ómicas y Biotecnología Aplicada (ICOBA), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel 15088, Lima, Peru; (E.C.-Q.); (H.L.F.-R.); (C.M.)
- Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María 15072, Lima, Peru
| | - Alfredo J. Ibañez
- Instituto de Ciencias Ómicas y Biotecnología Aplicada (ICOBA), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel 15088, Lima, Peru; (E.C.-Q.); (H.L.F.-R.); (C.M.)
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Bianchi F, Mattarozzi M, Careri M. The role of surface in desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry: advances and future trends. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3967-3973. [PMID: 32385578 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An outlook on the current status and trends in desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS), one of the most common spray-based techniques for ambient ionization, is given with a focus on the main advances recently achieved or still in progress regarding studies of surface properties affecting the signal stability and efficiency of the DESI process. Future directions that the field may take in the years to come are discussed, with particular focus on bioanalytical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
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12
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Perez CJ, Bagga AK, Prova SS, Yousefi Taemeh M, Ifa DR. Review and perspectives on the applications of mass spectrometry imaging under ambient conditions. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33 Suppl 3:27-53. [PMID: 29698560 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS)-based techniques are performed under ambient conditions in which the ionization and desorption occur in the open environment allowing the direct analysis of molecules with minimal or no sample preparation. A selected group of AMS techniques demonstrate imaging capabilities that can provide information about the localization of molecules on complex sample surfaces such as biological tissues. 2D, 3D, and multimodal imaging have unlocked an array of applications to systematically address complex problems in many areas of research such as drug monitoring, natural products, forensics, and cancer diagnostics. In the present review, we summarize recent advances in the field with respect to the implementation of new ambient ionization techniques and current applications in the last 5 years. In more detail, we mainly focus on imaging applications in topics related to animal whole bodies and tissues, single cells, cancer diagnostics and biomarkers, microbial cultures and co-cultures, plant and natural product metabolomics, and forensic applications. Finally, we discuss new areas of research, future perspectives, and the overall direction that the field may take in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo J Perez
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Aafreen K Bagga
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Shamina S Prova
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Maryam Yousefi Taemeh
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Demian R Ifa
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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13
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Oberlies NH, Knowles SL, Amrine CSM, Kao D, Kertesz V, Raja HA. Droplet probe: coupling chromatography to the in situ evaluation of the chemistry of nature. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:944-959. [PMID: 31112181 PMCID: PMC6640111 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00019d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2019The chemistry of nature can be beautiful, inspiring, beneficial and poisonous, depending on perspective. Since the isolation of the first secondary metabolites roughly two centuries ago, much of the chemical research on natural products has been both reductionist and static. Typically, compounds were isolated and characterized from the extract of an entire organism from a single time point. While there could be subtexts to that approach, the general premise has been to determine the chemistry with very little in the way of tools to differentiate spatial and/or temporal changes in secondary metabolite profiles. However, the past decade has seen exponential advances in our ability to observe, measure, and visualize the chemistry of nature in situ. Many of those techniques have been reviewed in this journal, and most are tapping into the power of mass spectrometry to analyze a plethora of sample types. In nearly all of the other techniques used to study chemistry in situ, the element of chromatography has been eliminated, instead using various ionization sources to coax ions of the secondary metabolites directly into the mass spectrometer as a mixture. Much of that science has been driven by the great advances in ambient ionization techniques used with a suite of mass spectrometry platforms, including the alphabet soup from DESI to LAESI to MALDI. This review discusses the one in situ analysis technique that incorporates chromatography, being the droplet-liquid microjunction-surface sampling probe, which is more easily termed "droplet probe". In addition to comparing and contrasting the droplet probe with other techniques, we provide perspective on why scientists, particularly those steeped in natural products chemistry training, may want to include chromatography in in situ analyses. Moreover, we provide justification for droplet sampling, especially for samples with delicate and/or non-uniform topographies. Furthermore, while the droplet probe has been used the most in the analysis of fungal cultures, we digest a variety of other applications, ranging from cyanobacteria, to plant parts, and even delicate documents, such as herbarium specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Sonja L Knowles
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Chiraz Soumia M Amrine
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Diana Kao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Vilmos Kertesz
- Mass Spectrometry and Laser Spectroscopy Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
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14
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Kempa EE, Hollywood KA, Smith CA, Barran PE. High throughput screening of complex biological samples with mass spectrometry – from bulk measurements to single cell analysis. Analyst 2019; 144:872-891. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01448e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We review the state of the art in HTS using mass spectrometry with minimal sample preparation from complex biological matrices. We focus on industrial and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Kempa
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Katherine A. Hollywood
- Manchester Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM)
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester M1 7DN
- UK
| | - Clive A. Smith
- Sphere Fluidics Limited
- The Jonas-Webb Building
- Babraham Research Campus
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Perdita E. Barran
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
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15
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Characterization and mapping of secondary metabolites of Streptomyces sp. from caatinga by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI–MS). Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:7135-7144. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Chen PY, Hsieh CY, Shih CJ, Lin YJ, Tsao CW, Yang YL. Exploration of Fungal Metabolic Interactions Using Imaging Mass Spectrometry on Nanostructured Silicon. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1527-1533. [PMID: 29916245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry to microbiology and natural product research has opened the door to the exploration of microbial interactions and the consequent discovery of new natural products and their functions in the interactions. However, several drawbacks of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry have limited its application especially to complicated and uneven microbial samples. Here, we applied nanostructured silicon as a substrate for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for microbial imaging mass spectrometry to explore fungal metabolic interactions. We chose Phellinus noxius and Aspergillus strains to evaluate the potential of microbial imaging mass spectrometry on nanostructured silicon because both fungi produce a dense mass of aerial mycelia, which is known to complicate the collection of high-quality imaging mass spectrometry data. Our simple and straightforward sample imprinting method and low background interference resulted in an efficient analysis of small metabolites from the complex microbial interaction samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Yu Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , 11529 Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying Hsieh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , 11529 Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jen Shih
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , 11529 Taipei , Taiwan
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center , Food Industry Research and Development Institute , 30062 Hsinchu , Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Jing Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National Central University , 32001 Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National Central University , 32001 Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , 11529 Taipei , Taiwan
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17
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Araújo FDDS, Santos DS, Pagotto CC, de Araújo WL, Eberlin MN. Mass spectrometry characterization of endophytic bacterium Curtobacterium sp. strain ER1/6 isolated from Citrus sinensis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:91-97. [PMID: 29076604 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The bacteria of the genus Curtobacterium are usually seen as plant pathogen, but some species have been identified as endophytes of different crops and could as such present a potential for disease control and plant growth promotion. We have therefore applied the desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) in the direct analysis of living Curtobacterium sp. strain ER1/6 colonies to map the surface metabolites, and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) for characterization of these compounds. Several colony-associated metabolites were detected. The ESI-MS/MS showed characteristic fragmentations for phospholipids including the classes of glycerophosphocholine, glycerophosphoglycerol, and glycerophosphoinositol as well as several fatty acids. Although a secure identification was not obtained, many other metabolites were also detected for this bacteria species. Principal component analysis showed that fatty acids were discriminatory for Curtobacterium sp. ER1/6 during inoculation on periwinkle wilt (PW) medium, whereas phospholipids characterize the bacterium when grown on the tryptic soy agar (TSA) medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Diana da Silva Araújo
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, POB 6154, 13084-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Daiene Souza Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Clepf Pagotto
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, POB 6154, 13084-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Welington Luiz de Araújo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, POB 6154, 13084-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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18
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Woolman M, Tata A, Bluemke E, Dara D, Ginsberg HJ, Zarrine-Afsar A. An Assessment of the Utility of Tissue Smears in Rapid Cancer Profiling with Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (DESI-MS). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:145-153. [PMID: 27730523 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging with desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is used to characterize cancer from ex vivo slices of tissues. The process is time-consuming. The use of tissue smears for DESI-MS analysis has been proposed as it eliminates the time required to snap-freeze and section the tissue. To assess the utility of tissue smears for rapid cancer characterization, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate the concordance between DESI-MS profiles of breast cancer from tissue slices and smears prepared on various surfaces. PCA suggested no statistical discrimination between DESI-MS profiles of tissue sections and tissue smears prepared on glass, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and porous PTFE. However, the abundances of cancer biomarker ions varied between sections and smears, with DESI-MS analysis of tissue sections yielding higher ion abundances of cancer biomarkers compared with smears. Coefficient of variance (CV) analysis suggests DESI-MS profiles from tissue smears are as reproducible as the ones from tissue sections. The limit of detection with smear samples from single pixel analysis is comparable to tissue sections that average the signal from a tissue area of 0.01 mm2. The smears prepared on the PTFE surface possessed a higher degree of homogeneity compared with the smears prepared on the glass surface. This allowed single MS scans (~1 s) from random positions across the surface of the smear to be used in rapid cancer typing with good reproducibility, providing pathologic information for cancer typing at speeds suitable for clinical utility. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Woolman
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G-1P5, Canada
| | - Alessandra Tata
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G-1P5, Canada
| | - Emma Bluemke
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G-1P5, Canada
| | - Delaram Dara
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G-1P5, Canada
| | - Howard J Ginsberg
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G-1P5, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T-1P5, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B-1W8, Canada
| | - Arash Zarrine-Afsar
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G-1P5, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T-1P5, Canada.
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B-1W8, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street Suite 15-701, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
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19
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Sica VP, Rees ER, Tchegnon E, Bardsley RH, Raja HA, Oberlies NH. Spatial and Temporal Profiling of Griseofulvin Production in Xylaria cubensis Using Mass Spectrometry Mapping. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:544. [PMID: 27199902 PMCID: PMC4844619 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A large portion of natural products research revolves around the discovery of new, bioactive chemical entities; however, studies to probe the biological purpose of such secondary metabolites for the host organism are often limited. Mass spectrometry mapping of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in situ can be used to probe a series of ecological questions about fungi that may be lost through traditional natural products chemistry extraction protocols. A griseofulvin-producing fungal culture of the Xylariaceae family, isolated as an endophyte of the tree Asimina triloba, was analyzed through a series of spatial and temporal mapping experiments. This fungus produced unique fungal characteristics, such as guttates and stroma, both of which were explored spatially. The distribution of griseofulvin on this culture in isolation was compared to its dispersal when grown in co-culture with a competing Penicillium species via a droplet–based surface sampling system. The fungistatic properties of griseofulvin were visualized, including the consequences for biosynthesis of polyhydroxyanthraquinones in a rival culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent P Sica
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Evan R Rees
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Edem Tchegnon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Robert H Bardsley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro NC, USA
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20
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Dong Y, Li B, Malitsky S, Rogachev I, Aharoni A, Kaftan F, Svatoš A, Franceschi P. Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Plant Tissues: A Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:60. [PMID: 26904042 PMCID: PMC4748743 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a mass spectrometry based molecular ion imaging technique. It provides the means for ascertaining the spatial distribution of a large variety of analytes directly on tissue sample surfaces without any labeling or staining agents. These advantages make it an attractive molecular histology tool in medical, pharmaceutical, and biological research. Likewise, MSI has started gaining popularity in plant sciences; yet, information regarding sample preparation methods for plant tissues is still limited. Sample preparation is a crucial step that is directly associated with the quality and authenticity of the imaging results, it therefore demands in-depth studies based on the characteristics of plant samples. In this review, a sample preparation pipeline is discussed in detail and illustrated through selected practical examples. In particular, special concerns regarding sample preparation for plant imaging are critically evaluated. Finally, the applications of MSI techniques in plants are reviewed according to different classes of plant metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Dong
- Biostatistics and Data Management, Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot, Israel
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana, IL, USA
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot, Israel
| | - Ilana Rogachev
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot, Israel
| | - Filip Kaftan
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJena, Germany
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJena, Germany
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Biostatistics and Data Management, Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pietro Franceschi
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21
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Tata A, Perez C, Campos ML, Bayfield MA, Eberlin MN, Ifa DR. Imprint Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Monitoring Secondary Metabolites Production during Antagonistic Interaction of Fungi. Anal Chem 2015; 87:12298-305. [PMID: 26637047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Direct analysis of microbial cocultures grown on agar media by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is quite challenging. Due to the high gas pressure upon impact with the surface, the desorption mechanism does not allow direct imaging of soft or irregular surfaces. The divots in the agar, created by the high-pressure gas and spray, dramatically change the geometry of the system decreasing the intensity of the signal. In order to overcome this limitation, an imprinting step, in which the chemicals are initially transferred to flat hard surfaces, was coupled to DESI-MS and applied for the first time to fungal cocultures. Note that fungal cocultures are often disadvantageous in direct imaging mass spectrometry. Agar plates of fungi present a complex topography due to the simultaneous presence of dynamic mycelia and spores. One of the most devastating diseases of cocoa trees is caused by fungal phytopathogen Moniliophthora roreri. Strategies for pest management include the application of endophytic fungi, such as Trichoderma harzianum, that act as biocontrol agents by antagonizing M. roreri. However, the complex chemical communication underlying the basis for this phytopathogen-dependent biocontrol is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the metabolic exchange that takes place during the antagonistic interaction between M. roreri and T. harzianum. Using imprint-DESI-MS imaging we annotated the secondary metabolites released when T. harzianum and M. roreri were cultured in isolation and compared these to those produced after 3 weeks of coculture. We identified and localized four phytopathogen-dependent secondary metabolites, including T39 butenolide, harzianolide, and sorbicillinol. In order to verify the reliability of the imprint-DESI-MS imaging data and evaluate the capability of tape imprints to extract fungal metabolites while maintaining their localization, six representative plugs along the entire M. roreri/T. harzianum coculture plate were removed, weighed, extracted, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Our results not only provide a better understanding of M. roreri-dependent metabolic induction in T. harzianum, but may seed novel directions for the advancement of phytopathogen-dependent biocontrol, including the generation of optimized Trichoderma strains against M. roreri, new biopesticides, and biofertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tata
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University , Chemistry Building, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas , Rua Josué Castro, s/n Cidade Universitária, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Consuelo Perez
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University , Chemistry Building, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michel L Campos
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University , Chemistry Building, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University , Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, km 1, CEP 14 801-902 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mark A Bayfield
- Department of Biology, York University , 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcos N Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas , Rua Josué Castro, s/n Cidade Universitária, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Demian R Ifa
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University , Chemistry Building, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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