1
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Upadhyay H, Harikrishnan U, Bhatt D, Dhadnekar N, Kumar K, Panchal M, Trivedi P, Gaurang Sindhav, Modi K. A Highly Selective Pyrene Appended Oxacalixarene Receptor for MNA and 4-NP Detection: an Experimental and Computational Study. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03470-2. [PMID: 37924381 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel pyrene-substituted oxacalixarene was designed and synthesized as a selective probe for the simultaneous detection of MNA and 4-NP. Utilizing 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR analysis techniques, its structure was characterized. The binding property of BPOC to a variety of NACs, including 1,3-DNB, 2,3-DNT, 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, 4-NP, 4-NT, and PA, revealed that the sensor binds to MNA and 4-NP with remarkable selectivity. Binding constant reveals lower detection limits of MNA is 0.2 µM and 0.3 µM for 4-NP. Using docking and density functional theory (DFT), computational insights were provided for investigating the stability and spectroscopic analysis of the inclusion complex. From molecular docking study, we observed the best docking score of BPOC with 4-NT and MNA complex. The calculations supplement the findings significantly and clarify the structural geometry and mode of interactions in supramolecular complexation. In an MTT experiment on human PBMC to check for cytotoxicity, this chemical was found to influence 1 × 105 cell viability dose-dependently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himali Upadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Uma Harikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier's College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - Devanshi Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Namrata Dhadnekar
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Kapil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Manthan Panchal
- Silver Oak Institute of Science, Silver Oak University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Pooja Trivedi
- Department of Zoology, BMT, HGC and WBC, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Gaurang Sindhav
- Department of Zoology, BMT, HGC and WBC, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Krunal Modi
- Department of Humanity and Sciences, School of Engineering, Indrashil University, Mehsana-382740, Kadi, Gujarat, India
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2
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Vora M, Panchal M, Dey S, Pandya A, Athar M, Verma N, Irfan A, Jain V. Oxacalix[4]arene based dual-signalling fluorimetric and electrochemical chemosensor for the selective detection of nitroaromatic compounds. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Zhang H, Ding GY, Yousaf A, Chen L, Wang XL, Shan GG, Sun CY, Su ZM. A typical 2D covalent organic polymer as multifunctional sensor and assemble a WLED. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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4
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Narula A, Hussain MA, Upadhyay A, Rao CP. 1,3-Di-naphthalimide Conjugate of Calix[4]arene as a Sensitive and Selective Sensor for Trinitrophenol and This Turns Reversible when Hybridized with Carrageenan as Beads. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:25747-25756. [PMID: 33073100 PMCID: PMC7557251 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescent naphthalimide conjugate of calix[4]arene (L1 ) has been synthesized and characterized. The selective and efficient detection of trinitrophenol (TNP) by L1 among nine other different nitroaromatic compounds was demonstrated using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The minimum detection limit is 29 nM, which is the lowest reported so far by any conjugate of calixarene toward TNP. The fluorescence quenching is associated with a high Stern-Volmer constant of 3.3 ± 0.4 × 105 M-1. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data revealed a network structure with pores having a weighted average size of 0.66 ± 0.08 μm for L1 . When incubated with TNP, the pores were filled with fibril structures, as supported by both SEM and TEM data. In order to demonstrate the real time applications, the L1 has been coated onto a Whatman filter paper and the imprint of TNP contaminated thumb has been detected upon physical contact. The 1HNMR titration and the studies carried out using the control molecule support the necessity of both the naphthalimide moiety and the calixarene platform for sensing. In order to mend L1 as a reversible sensor for TNP, the same is incorporated into carrageenan beads (L1 @Cb ) and the reversible sensing has been shown for three cycles by reusing the same material upon recovery followed by washing it. The solid-state detection of TNP has also been demonstrated using the lyophilized L1 @Cb bead powder. The fluorescence intensity of L1 was quenched upon addition of solid TNP to the lyophilized bead powder of L1 @Cb as studied by fluorescence microscopy. The computational studies show that one of the arms of the calixarene takes a bent conformation, and the 1:1 TNP complex of L1 is stabilized by exhibiting differential extents of hydrogen bonding interactions with the two arms owing to their conformational difference. The result of such complexation was already felt through the shifts observed in the experimentally measured 1HNMR spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiv Narula
- Bioinorganic
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Mohammed Althaf Hussain
- Bioinorganic
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Aekta Upadhyay
- Bioinorganic
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Chebrolu Pulla Rao
- Bioinorganic
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Tirupati, Settipalli post, Tirupati 517 506 Andhra
Pradesh, India
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5
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Wang Z, He X, Yong T, Miao Y, Zhang C, Zhong Tang B. Multicolor Tunable Polymeric Nanoparticle from the Tetraphenylethylene Cage for Temperature Sensing in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:512-519. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tuying Yong
- College of Life Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Miao
- College of Life Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Dinda S, Althaf Hussain M, Upadhyay A, Rao CP. Supramolecular Sensing of 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol by a Tetrapyrenyl Conjugate of Calix[4]arene: Applicability in Solution, in Solid State, and on the Strips of Cellulose and Silica Gel and the Image Processing by a Cellular Phone. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17060-17071. [PMID: 31646253 PMCID: PMC6796239 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A calix[4]arene conjugate possessing a tetrapyrenyl moiety at its upper rim (R) is designed as a receptor for sensing trinitrophenol (TNP). To understand the role of the calix[4]arene platform and that of pyrenyl moieties in R, two other control molecules were synthesized. These are as follows: the one possessing a tetraphenyl moiety in place of tetrapyrenyl (R 1 ) and the other one is a p-pyrenyl-hydroxy benzene (R 2 ) that is devoid of the calix[4]arene platform. The R shows high sensitivity toward TNP in tetrahydrofuran (THF) over eleven other nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) studied by exhibiting large fluorescence enhancement and hence is selective to TNP over the other NACs studied. However, the control molecules R 1 and R 2 showed only marginal fluorescence enhancement, supporting the need of a calixarene platform and the presence of a tetrapyrenyl moiety in the receptor system for the selective sensing of TNP. Further, R 1 and R 2 are not suitable for sensing, since these exhibit similar fluorescence response over several NACs studied. The binding of TNP by R has been addressed by fluorescence titration and isothermal titration calorimetry. The nature of the complexation of TNP by R has been revealed by the computational calculations, wherein the data showed the entrapment of TNP by two adjacent pyrene moieties via π-π stacking interactions. Such host-guest complexation is expected to restrict the mobility of the pyrene moieties present in R. The reduction of the flexibility of the pyrenyl moieties of R upon TNP binding is evidenced by the 1H NMR spectral study, wherein this acts as an additional evidence for the complexation. In the present study, the sensing of TNP by R has been shown in THF solution, on the surface of silica gel and the cellulose paper to result in lowest detection limits (LODs) of 1.5, 3.5, and 6.5 μM, respectively. Even the solid mixture of R and TNP showed LOD of 2.1 μmol. Since R is expected to show supramolecular aggregation that is dependent on the guest species, the corresponding details were probed by microscopy techniques, using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy methods, and significant changes in the aggregation of R upon interaction with TNP were found. Such aggregation is responsible for the observed fluorescence enhancement. Thus, the tetrapyrenyl calix[4]arene conjugate (R) acts as a sensitive and robust platform for selective detection of TNP from a mixture of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) wherein the fluorescence intensities can be imaged and managed by a cellular phone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata
Kumar Dinda
- Bioinorganic Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute
of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Mohammed Althaf Hussain
- Bioinorganic Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute
of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Aekta Upadhyay
- Bioinorganic Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute
of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
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7
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Zhao LL, Yang XS, Chong H, Wang Y, Yan CG. Multi-point interaction-based recognition of fluoride ions by tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arenes bearing phenolic hydroxyls and thiourea. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06333h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of p-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arenes bearing phenolic hydroxyls and thiourea moieties were prepared to investigate their anion binding behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Xiao-Song Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Hui Chong
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
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8
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Wang Z, Yan S, Cui HC, Cheng G, Ma H, Zhang QM, Zhang QP, Liu JM, Tan B, Zhang C. Porous Organic Polymer from Aggregation-Induced Emission Macrocycle for White-Light Emission. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun-Min Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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9
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Wang Z, Ma H, Zhai T, Cheng G, Xu Q, Liu J, Yang J, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Zheng Y, Tan B, Zhang C. Networked Cages for Enhanced CO 2 Capture and Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800141. [PMID: 30027046 PMCID: PMC6051374 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It remains a great challenge to design and synthesize a porous material for CO2 capture and sensing simultaneously. Herein, strategy of "cage to frameworks" is demonstrated to synthesize fluorescent porous organic polymer (pTOC) by using tetraphenylethylene-based oxacalixarene cage (TOC) as the monomer. The networked cages (pTOC) have improved porous properties, including Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and CO2 capture compared with its monomer TOC, because the polymerization overcomes the window-to-arene packing modes of cages and turns on their pores. Moreover, pTOC displays prominent reversible fluorescence enhancement in the presence of CO2 in different dispersion systems and fluorescence recovery for CO2 release in the presence of NH3·H2O, and is thus very effective to detect and quantify the fractions of CO2 in a gaseous mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Hui Ma
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Tian‐Long Zhai
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Guang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Qian Xu
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Jun‐Min Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Qing‐Mei Zhang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Qing‐Pu Zhang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Yan‐Song Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Bien Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
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10
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Mehta V, Athar M, Jha PC, Kongor A, Panchal M, Jain VK. A turn-off fluorescence sensor for insensitive munition using anthraquinone-appended oxacalix[4]arene and its computational studies. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a fluorescent oxacalix[4]arene-based receptor, DAQTNOC(5,17-di(N-(9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracen-1-yl)acetamide) tetranitrooxacalix[4]arene), was described for the specific recognition of N-methyl-p-nitroaniline (MNA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Mehta
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- Gujarat University
- Navrangpura
- India
| | - Mohd. Athar
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar
- India
| | - P. C. Jha
- Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar
- India
| | - Anita Kongor
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- Gujarat University
- Navrangpura
- India
| | - Manthan Panchal
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- Gujarat University
- Navrangpura
- India
| | - V. K. Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- Gujarat University
- Navrangpura
- India
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11
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Han B, Wang X, Gao Y, Bai M. Constructing a Nonfluorescent Conformation of AIEgen: A Tetraphenylethene Embedded in the Calix[4]arene's Skeleton. Chemistry 2016; 22:16037-16041. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Marine College; Shandong University at Weihai; 180 Wenhua Xilu, Weihai Shandong 264209 P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- Marine College; Shandong University at Weihai; 180 Wenhua Xilu, Weihai Shandong 264209 P. R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- Marine College; Shandong University at Weihai; 180 Wenhua Xilu, Weihai Shandong 264209 P. R. China
| | - Ming Bai
- Marine College; Shandong University at Weihai; 180 Wenhua Xilu, Weihai Shandong 264209 P. R. China
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12
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Li Y, Li H, He J, Xu Q, Li N, Chen D, Lu J. Inserting Thienyl Linkers into Conjugated Molecules for Efficient Multilevel Electronic Memory: A New Understanding of Charge-Trapping in Organic Materials. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:906-14. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jinghui He
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Najun Li
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Dongyun Chen
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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13
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Xu H, Qian FJ, Wu QX, Xue M, Yang Y, Chen YX. Azacalix[2]arene[2]carbazoles: synthesis, structure and properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01197g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new type of –NH– bridged azacalix[2]arene[2]carbazoles has been synthesized by aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactionviaone pot and/or fragment coupling strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- School of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Fang-Jun Qian
- School of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Qiao-Xia Wu
- School of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Min Xue
- School of Science
- Department of Physics
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
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14
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Wu L, Wang P, Zhang C, He J, Chen D, Jun J, Xu Q, Lu J. Adjusting the Proportion of Electron-Withdrawing Groups in a Graft Functional Polymer for Multilevel Memory Performance. Chem Asian J 2015; 11:102-11. [PMID: 26395326 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A polymer containing aldehyde active groups (PVB) was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), acting as a polymer precursor to graft a functional moiety via nucleophilic addition reaction. DHI (2-(1,5-dimethyl-hexyl)-6-hydrazino-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione) and NPH (nitrophenyl hydrazine) groups, which contain naphthalimides that act as narrow traps and nitro groups that act as deep traps, were anchored onto the PVB at different ratios. A series of graft polymers were obtained and named PVB-DHI, PVB-DHI4 -NPH, PVB-DHI-NPH4 , and PVB-NPH. The chemical composition of the polymers was analyzed by (1) H-NMR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Memory devices were prepared from the polymers, and I-V characteristics were measured to determine the performance. By adjusting the ratio of different electron acceptors (DHI and NPH) to 4:1, ternary memory behavior was achieved. The relationship between memory behavior of PVB-DHIx NPHy and acceptor groups as well as their conduction mechanism were studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxin Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jinghui He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Dongyun Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Jun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
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