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Anthony Raj MR, Yao C, Frémont M, Skene WG. Exploiting Mixed Valence Charge Transfer for Electrochromic and Electrofluorochromic Use. Chemistry 2024:e202401417. [PMID: 38970532 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
An asymmetric mixed valence fluorophore with two different electron rich termini was investigated as a dual-role active material for electrochromism and electrofluorochromism. The fluorescence quantum yield (Φfl) and emission wavelength of the fluorophore were dependent on solvent polarity. The quantum yield of the material in an electrolyte gel, on a glass substrate and in a device was 40 %, 20 % and 13 % respectively. The fluorophore further underwent two near-simultaneous electrochemical oxidations. The first oxidation resulted in a 1000 nm red shift in the absorption to broadly absorb in the NIR, corresponding to the intervalence charge transfer (IVCT). Whereas the second oxidation led to a perceived green color at 715 nm with the extinction of the NIR absorbing IVCT. Owing to the dissymmetry of the fluorophore along with its two unique oxidation sites, the IVCT gives rise to a mixed valence transfer charge (MVCT). The coloration efficiency of the fluorophore in both solution and a device was 1433 and 200 cm2 C-1, respectively. The fluorescence intensity could be reversibly modulated electrochemically. The photoemission intensity of the fluorophore was modulated with applied potential in an operating electrochromic/electrofluorochromic device. Both the dual electrochromic and the electrofluorochromic behavior of the fluorophore were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Raj Anthony Raj
- Laboratoire de caractérisation photophysique des matériaux conjugués, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Chengzhang Yao
- Laboratoire de caractérisation photophysique des matériaux conjugués, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Frémont
- Laboratoire de caractérisation photophysique des matériaux conjugués, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - W G Skene
- Laboratoire de caractérisation photophysique des matériaux conjugués, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
- Institut Courtois, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Rusu RD, Damaceanu MD, Ursache S, Constantin CP. Tuning the main electrochromic features by polymer backbone variation of triphenylamine-based polyamides. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Jiang C, Wang C, Yu B, Zhao X, Li J, Ren Q. New soluble polyamides with high transparence and improved gas separation properties. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2020.1821710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cairong Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qiang Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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Yen HJ, Liou GS. Design and preparation of triphenylamine-based polymeric materials towards emergent optoelectronic applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Electroluminochromic Materials: From Molecules to Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11010098. [PMID: 30960082 PMCID: PMC6402020 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroluminochromism is an interesting property found in certain classes of molecules and polymers whose photoluminescence can be modulated through the application of an external electrical bias. Unlike electrochromic materials, electroluminochromic counterparts and their applications are comparatively fewer in quantity and are less established. Nonetheless, there prevails an increasing interest in this class of electro-active materials due to their potential applications in optoelectronics, such as smart-displays, and chemical and biological sensing. This review seeks to showcase the different classes of electroluminochromic materials with focus on (i) organic molecules, (ii) transition metal complexes, and (iii) organic polymers. The mechanisms and electroluminochromic performance of these classes of materials are summarized. This review should allow scientists to have a better and deeper understanding of materials design strategies and, more importantly, structure-property relationships and, thus, develops electroluminochromic materials with desired performance in the future.
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Liu F, Zhang Y, Yu G, Hou Y, Niu H. Electrochromism of novel triphenylamine-containing polyamide polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuhan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Heilongjiang University; Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Heilongjiang University; Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Heilongjiang University; Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Heilongjiang University; Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Niu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China); Heilongjiang University; Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
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Sun N, Tian X, Hong L, Su K, Zhou Z, Jin S, Wang D, Zhao X, Zhou H, Chen C. Highly stable and fast blue color/fluorescence dual-switching polymer realized through the introduction of ether linkage between tetraphenylethylene and triphenylamine units. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Santra DC, Nad S, Malik S. Electrochemical polymerization of triphenylamine end-capped dendron: Electrochromic and electrofluorochromic switching behaviors. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cai S, Wang S, Wei D, Niu H, Wang W, Bai X. Multifunctional polyamides containing pyrrole unit with different triarylamine units owning electrochromic, electrofluorochromic and photoelectron conversion properties. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yen HJ, Liou GS. Recent advances in triphenylamine-based electrochromic derivatives and polymers. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00367j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Triphenylamine-containing electrochromic materials with great potential applications in low energy-consumption displays, light-adapting mirrors in vehicles, and smart windows have experienced an exponential growth of research interests. In this review, the newly developed triphenylamine-based derivatives and polymers are reviewed and elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ju Yen
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Nankang
- Taiwan
| | - Guey-Sheng Liou
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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Organic-inorganic hybrid electrochromic materials, polysilsesquioxanes containing triarylamine, changing color from colorless to blue. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14627. [PMID: 29116165 PMCID: PMC5677139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Four kinds of soluble monomers, containing triarylamine (TAA) group with reactive siloxane group, were synthesized under mild conditions via the reaction between 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate (TEOSPIC) and four TAA derivatives, respectively. Then the corresponding colorless organic-inorganic hybrid materials (PSSOs) were derived from the hydrolytic condensation of the monomers. PSSOs revealed good solubility in polar solvents on account of the effect of propeller-like TAA unit as well as the auxo-action effect of the flexible chain within the monomers. The structural characteristics of these PSSOs were identified by 1H NMR, 29Si NMR, FT-IR spectroscopies and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology, dynamic changes of the transmittance and current before and after electro-oxidizing reaction were studied, and didn’t show significant change suggesting good stability of the PSSOs. Meanwhile, these PSSOs performed high contrast of optical transmittance change up to 84% with the highest coloration efficiency to 241 cm2·C−1. Furthermore, electrofluorescent properties of PSSOs were investigated with high-contrast.
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Novel Polyamides with 5H-Dibenzo[b,f]azepin-5-yl-Substituted Triphenylamine: Synthesis and Visible-NIR Electrochromic Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9100542. [PMID: 30965843 PMCID: PMC6418813 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new diamine monomer, namely 4,4′-diamino-4″-(5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepin-5-yl)triphenylamine, was prepared and polymerized with four kinds of dicarboxylic acids via direct polycondensation reaction resulting in a novel series of soluble and electroactive polyamides (PAs). The tough thin films of all PAs could be solution-cast onto an indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate owing to the good solubility in polar organic solvents. Two pairs of obvious redox peaks for these films were observed in cyclic voltammetry (CV) with low onset potentials (Eonset) of 0.37–0.42 V accompanying with remarkable reversible color changes between light yellow and dark blue. A new absorption peak at around 915 nm emerged in near infrared (NIR) spectra; the increasing potential indicated that PAs could be used as a NIR electrochromic material. Moreover, the PAs showed high coloration efficiency (CE; η) in the range of 190–259 cm2 C−1.
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Meng S, Sun N, Su K, Zhao X, Wang D, Zhou H, Chen C. Novel organosoluble polyarylates based on diphenylamine-fluorene units. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008317734033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two kinds of polyarylates with diphenylamine-fluorene units were synthesized from the bisphenol monomer “ N, N-di(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-amino-9,9-dimethylfluorene” with two different benzenedicarbonyl chlorides. These polyarylates were highly soluble in N, N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and chloroform and could be easily solution-cast into transparent films. Both of the polyarylates exhibited a couple of reversible redox with half-wave potentials in the range of 0.87–0.90 V. During the electrochromic process, the color of the film changed from colorless (neutral state) to grey green (oxidation state) with a high coloration efficiency of 242 cm2 C−1. Compared with the polyarylates prepared from terephthaloyl chloride, the polyarylates prepared from isophthaloyl chloride exhibited enhanced fluorescence because of the reduced charge-transfer effect. Furthermore, its fluorescence could be reversibly switched under the applied potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Meng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningwei Sun
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaixin Su
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daming Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Wang S, Wu X, Zhang X, Niu H, Wang C, Zhang Y, Bai X, Wang W, Hou Y. Synthesis, fluorescence, electrochromic properties of aromatic polyamide with triarylamine unit serving as functional group. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Wałęsa-Chorab M, Skene WG. Visible-to-NIR Electrochromic Device Prepared from a Thermally Polymerizable Electroactive Organic Monomer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21524-21531. [PMID: 28605193 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A monomer (1) consisting of a benzothiadiazole core flanked by two triphenylamines and two styrene pendant moieties was prepared. The monomer was fluorescent with its emission spanning 145 nm in the visible, contingent on the organic solvent used for the measurement. In addition to its positive solvatochromism, the absolute fluorescence quantum yield (Φfl) was consistently >20% with values >80% being measured in hexane, toluene, diethyl ether, and toluene. 1 could be reversibly oxidized with an oxidation potential of 880 mV vs SCE. The monomer could be immobilized on ITO-coated glass substrates. The resulting 425 nm thick immobilized film (poly-1) was 15% thinner than the monomer coating deposited by spray- and spin-coating. The electroactive film did not delaminate from the electrode upon either washing or cycling electrochemically between its oxidized and neutral states. Its absorption at 460 nm bleached upon electrochemical oxidation with the formation of a strong absorption at 880 nm and in the NIR, similar to 1. The perceived reversible color change with applied potential switched between yellow and gray. The fluorescence intensity of poly-1 could be switched with applied potentials. A passive transmissive device prepared from poly-1 was both electrochromic and fluorochromic, exhibiting reversible color change and fluorescence quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Wałęsa-Chorab
- Laboratoire de caractérisation photophysique des matériaux conjugués Département de chimie, Pavillon JA Bombardier, Université de Montréal , CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - W G Skene
- Laboratoire de caractérisation photophysique des matériaux conjugués Département de chimie, Pavillon JA Bombardier, Université de Montréal , CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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17
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Optically transparent polyamides bearing phenoxyl, diphenylamine and fluorene units with high-contrast of electrochromic and electrofluorescent behaviors. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Hsiao SH, Wu CN. Solution-processable and electroactive aromatic polyamides with 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)triphenylamine moiety. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Huei Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; National Taipei University of Technology; Taiwan ROC
| | - Chien-Nan Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Tatung University; Taiwan ROC
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Chiu HT, Yu CY, Wang YH, Wu SH. Preparation and characterization of binary blends composed of poly(dioctylfluorene-alt-hexylsulfonylthiophene) and nonconjugated polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Tang Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; 43, Section 4, Keelung Road Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; 43, Section 4, Keelung Road Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; 43, Section 4, Keelung Road Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Szu-Han Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; 43, Section 4, Keelung Road Taipei 10607 Taiwan
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20
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Yan Y, Sun N, Li F, Jia X, Wang C, Chao D. Multiple Stimuli-Responsive Fluorescence Behavior of Novel Polyamic Acid Bearing Oligoaniline, Triphenylamine, and Fluorene Groups. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:6497-6503. [PMID: 28112505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Multiple stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials have gained increasing attention for their fundamental investigation and intelligent applications. In this work, we report design and synthesis of a novel polyamic acid bearing oligoaniline, triphenylamine, and fluorene groups, which served as sensitive units and fluorescence emission unit, respectively. The resulting polymer exhibits multiple stimuli-responsive fluorescence switching behavior triggered by redox species, pH, electrochemical, and pressure stimuli. Every fluorescence switching mechanism upon each stimulus was studied in detail. The interactions and energy transfer between sensitive units and emission unit are largely responsible for this fascinating fluorescent switching behavior. This work provides a deep understanding of the optical switching essence upon these stimuli, opening the way for the development of new fluorescent sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoteng Jia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Faculty, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Song G, Wang L, Liu D, Yao J, Cao Y. Gas transport properties of polyimide membranes based on triphenylamine unit. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316681061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of polyimide (PI) membranes were prepared based on three triphenylamine-based diamines, namely 4,4′-diaminotriphenylamine, 4,4′-diamino-3′′,5′′-dimethyltriphenylamine, and 4,4′-diamino-3′′,5′′-ditrifluoromethyltriphenylamine, via thermal imidization procedure. The PI membranes displayed good thermal properties, with glass transition temperatures of 279–341°C and 5% weight loss temperatures above 515°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. The gas permeation properties of the membranes were investigated and interpreted from the viewpoint of the PI backbone structure. The gas permeation coefficients increased as the substituent pendant groups at the 3′′,5′′ positions of the triphenylamine varied from –H to –CH3 and –CF3, and the permselectivity of gas pairs (including hydrogen/nitrogen (N2), oxygen/N2, carbon dioxide (CO2)/N2, and CO2/methane) decreased in this order. The diffusion coefficients and solubility coefficients were calculated, and the results revealed the variation of the substituted triphenylamine units principally influenced the diffusion coefficients, indicating that the substituted triphenylamine affected the gas transport properties by “diffusivity-controlled” modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangliang Song
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Jianan Yao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiming Cao
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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Sun N, Zhou Z, Chao D, Chu X, Du Y, Zhao X, Wang D, Chen C. Novel aromatic polyamides containing 2-diphenylamino-(9,9-dimethylamine) units as multicolored electrochromic and high-contrast electrofluorescent materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ningwei Sun
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Department of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Danming Chao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Science; Yantai 264100 People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlong Du
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Daming Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
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Al-Kutubi H, Zafarani HR, Rassaei L, Mathwig K. Electrofluorochromic systems: Molecules and materials exhibiting redox-switchable fluorescence. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Sun N, Meng S, Feng F, Zhou Z, Han T, Wang D, Zhao X, Chen C. Electrochromic and electrofluorochromic polyimides with fluorene-based triphenylamine. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316671183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel polyimides (PIs) based on N,N-di(4-aminophenyl)-2-amino-9,9-dimethylfluorene and various dianhydrides were synthesized. These PIs were amorphous and readily soluble in many solvents. They displayed outstanding thermal stability and high glass transition temperatures (269–374°C). The polymer films showed reversible electrochemical redox and satisfactory electrochromic performance with long-term stability, high coloration efficiency, and acceptable switching times. The PI derived from 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride exhibited maximum fluorescence at 400 nm with quantum yields up to 28.1%. Furthermore, the fluorescence can be effectively electroswitched between “on” and “off” states, exhibiting a high contrast ratio of 75.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningwei Sun
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyao Meng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Feng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Han
- Fushun Petrochemical Company, Fushun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daming Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Feng F, Sun N, Wang D, Zhou H, Chen C. A series of organosoluble polyamides with 4-(dimethylamino)triphenylamine. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316664571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel aromatic polyamides containing 4-(dimethylamino)triphenylamine were prepared via the polycondensation reactions of the newly synthesized dicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-dicarboxy-4″-(dimethylamino)triphenylamine, and various diamines. Introduction of 4-(dimethylamino)triphenylamine units along the polymer chain enhanced the solubility of the polymers. The 10% weight loss temperatures of these polymers ranged from 432°C to 471°C with the char yields more than 63% at 800°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The polymers displayed low oxidation potentials because of the incorporation of dimethylamino at the para position of triphenylamine. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyamide films showed their onset potential around 0.38–0.47 V with color changing from nearly colorless to light blue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Feng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ningwei Sun
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Daming Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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26
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Sun J, Liang Z. Swift Electrofluorochromism of Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polytriphenylamines. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:18301-18308. [PMID: 27347724 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrofluorochromic (EFC) materials, which exhibit electrochemically controllable fluorescence, hold great promise in optoelectronic devices and biological analysis. Here we design such donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers-P(TPACO) and P(TCEC)-that contain the same electron-rich and oxidizable polytriphenylamine (PTPA) as π-backbone, yet with different electron-deficient ketone and cyano units as pendant groups, respectively. They both exhibit solvatochromic effects due to intrinsic characteristics of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). Compared to P(TPACO), P(TCEC) shows stronger ICT, which leads to higher electrochemical oxidation potential and lower ion diffusion coefficient. Moreover, both polymers present simultaneous electrochromic (EC) and EFC behaviors with multistate display and remarkably rapid fluorescence response. The response time of P(TPACO) is as short as 0.19 s, nearly 4-fold faster than that of P(TCEC) (0.92 s). Such rapid response is found to be determined by the ion diffusion coefficient which is associated with the ICT nature. Finally, the EFC display device based on P(TPACO) is successfully demonstrated, which shows green fluorescence ON/OFF switching upon applied potentials. This work has successfully demonstrated that swift EFCs can be achieved by rational modulation of the ICT effect in such D-A conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Sun
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ziqi Liang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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27
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Hsiao SH, Lin KH. Synthesis and properties of electroactive aromatic polyimides with methyl- or trifluoromethyl-protecting triphenylamine units. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316653456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two series of new redox-active aromatic polyimides with methyl- (–CH3) or trifluoromethyl (–CF3)-protecting triphenylamine moieties were prepared from 4,4′-diamino-4″-methyltriphenylamine and 4,4′-diamino-4″-(trifluoromethyl)triphenylamine with aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides via the conventional two-step polycondensation technique. Flexible and strong polyimide films could be obtained via the thermal curing of their precursor poly(amic acid) films or direct solution cast from some organosoluble polyimides. The polyimides showed high glass-transition temperatures between 269°C and 312°C, and they did not show significant decomposition before 500°C in air or under nitrogen atmosphere. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyimide films on the indium–tin oxide-coated glass substrate exhibited a pair of reversible redox waves with half-wave oxidation potentials of 1.08–1.10 V (for the –CH3 series) and 1.23–1.26 V (vs. silver/silver chloride; for the –CF3 series) in acetonitrile solution. The polyimide films showed anodic electrochromism from pale yellow neutral state to purplish blue (for the –CH3 series) and chrome yellow (for the –CF3 series) when oxidized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Huei Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Han Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tatung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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28
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Sun N, Meng S, Chao D, Zhou Z, Du Y, Wang D, Zhao X, Zhou H, Chen C. Highly stable electrochromic and electrofluorescent dual-switching polyamide containing bis(diphenylamino)-fluorene moieties. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01345g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel semi-aromatic polyamide with bis(diphenylamino)-fluorene moieties was designed and synthesized, which exhibited highly stable electrochromic/electrofluorescent dual-switching properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningwei Sun
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Shiyao Meng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Danming Chao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Yinlong Du
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Daming Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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29
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Sun N, Meng S, Zhou Z, Yao J, Du Y, Wang D, Zhao X, Zhou H, Chen C. High-contrast electrochromic and electrofluorescent dual-switching materials based on 2-diphenylamine-(9,9-diphenylfluorene)-functionalized semi-aromatic polymers. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12174h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two kinds of 2-diphenylamine-(9,9-diphenylfluorene)-functionalized semi-aromatic polymers were prepared and they exhibited stable and high-contrast electroswitching in both coloration and emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningwei Sun
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Shiyao Meng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Jianan Yao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Yinlong Du
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Daming Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute of Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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