1
|
Lima FDA, Chagas PAM, Honorato ACS, da Silva EN, Aguiar ML, Guerra VG. Multifactorial evaluation of an ultra-fast process for electrospinning of recycled expanded polystyrene to manufacture high-efficiency membranes for nanoparticle air filtration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 362:121352. [PMID: 38833930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The increased production of polystyrene waste has led to the need to find efficient ways to dispose of it. One possibility is the use of solid waste to produce filter media by the electrospinning technique. The aim of this work was to develop an ultra-fast electrospinning process applied to recycled polystyrene, with statistical evaluation of the influence of polymeric solution parameters (polymer concentration and percentage of DL-limonene) and process variables (flow rate, voltage, and type of support) on nanoparticle collection efficiency, air permeability, and fiber diameter. An extensive characterization of the materials and evaluation of the morphology of the fibers was also carried out. It was found that recycled expanded polystyrene could be used in electrospinning to produce polymeric membranes. The optimized condition that resulted in the highest nanoparticle collection efficiency was a polymer concentration of 13.5%, percentage of DL-limonene of 50%, voltage of 25 kV, and flow rate of 1.2 mL/h, resulting in values of 99.97 ± 0.01%, 2.6 ± 0.5 × 10-13 m2, 0.19 Pa-1, and 708 ± 176 nm for the collection efficiency of nanoparticles in the range from 6.38 to 232.9 nm, permeability, quality factor, and mean fiber diameter, respectively. All the parameters were found to influence collection efficiency and fiber diameter. The use of DL-limonene, a natural solvent, provided benefits including increased collection efficiency and decreased fiber size. In addition, the electrostatic filtration mechanism was evaluated using the presence of a copper grid as a support for the nanofibers. The findings demonstrated that an electrospinning time of only 5 min was sufficient to obtain filters with high collection efficiencies and low pressure drops, opening perspectives for the application of polystyrene waste in the development of materials with excellent characteristics for application in the area of atmospheric pollution mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de Aquino Lima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Augusto Marques Chagas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Sguizzato Honorato
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilton Nunes da Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica Lopes Aguiar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vádila Giovana Guerra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biodegradable chitosan-graphene oxide as an affective green filler for improving of properties in epoxy nanocomposites. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123550. [PMID: 36740127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the effect of biodegradable Chitosan-encapsulated Graphene Oxide (CGO) on the morphology and properties of epoxy composites prepared using solution mixing with different filler loadings. The microstructures and properties of chitosan-GO and composites were studied using FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, tensile, impact, bending analysis, DMTA and TG tests. Microstructural observations confirmed that the CGO composition and its content in the matrix affected the distribution of fillers in the epoxy matrix. Mechanical and thermal tests indicated that the loading level of CGO and the ratio of chitosan to GO were the main factors that changed the strength of epoxy/CGOs composites. The tensile analysis confirmed that nanocomposites containing CGO exhibited a 65 % increase in elastic modulus due to the improved load transfer as a result of interfacial interactions between CGO and the matrix. DMTA analysis showed that the presence of CGO in the epoxy matrix increased Tg of the composite by ~30 °C. In the TGA test, although the introduction of CGO caused higher decomposition temperature of the CGO filled resins. CGO enhanced the final properties of epoxy-based nanocomposites as a result of the synergistic effect of chitosan and GO and the formation of 3-D CGO structures in the epoxy matrix.
Collapse
|
3
|
Seyedi M, Savchak M, Tiiara A, Luzinov I. Toward Mechanical Recycling of Polystyrene/Polypropylene Blends with Bottlebrush-Modified Graphene Oxide as a Compatibilizer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35074-35086. [PMID: 35876471 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The compatibilization of immiscible polystyrene/polypropylene (PS/PP) blends with virgin graphene oxide (GO-V) and GO modified with a bottlebrush reactive copolymer layer (GO-P) is reported. This practically important blend was chosen since, currently, PS and PP are recycled to a very low degree. The amphiphilic bottlebrush copolymer synthesized by us contained hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains and was attached to the GO nanosheets via epoxy functionality. The GO modification and the introduction of GO into the blend were conducted from water. Thus, the introduction of the compatibilizing nanomaterial can be conducted during the mechanical recycling washing stage in a real-world situation. The final blend was prepared via melt mixing using an extruder. We examined the influence of GO modification and the mixing order on the blends' morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties. Thermodynamic calculations predicted a higher interfacial activity of GO nanosheets in PS/PP/GO-P blends than that in PS/PP/GO-V blends. The morphological and rheological study assessed this prediction. It was demonstrated that the bottlebrush-modified GO-P sheets were readily driven to the PS/PP interphase. The mechanical measurements showed enhanced mechanical properties for PS/PP/GO-P blends, especially for those in which GO was first premixed with PS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mastooreh Seyedi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Mykhailo Savchak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Andrii Tiiara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Igor Luzinov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Relationship between production condition, microstructure and final properties of chitosan/graphene oxide–zinc oxide bionanocomposite. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
5
|
Sieradzka M, Fabia J, Biniaś D, Graczyk T, Fryczkowski R. High-Impact Polystyrene Reinforced with Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Filament for Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7008. [PMID: 34832407 PMCID: PMC8623337 DOI: 10.3390/ma14227008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO), due to their properties, have been enjoying great interest for over two decades, particularly in the context of additive manufacturing (AM) applications in recent years. High-impact polystyrene (HIPS) is a polymer used in 3D printing technology due to its high dimensional stability, low cost, and ease of processing. However, the ongoing development of AM creates the need to produce modern feedstock materials with better properties and functionality. This can be achieved by introducing reduced graphene oxide into the polymer matrix. In this study, printable composite filaments were prepared and characterized in terms of morphology and thermal and mechanical properties. Among the obtained HIPS/rGO composites, the filament containing 0.5 wt% of reduced graphene oxide had the best mechanical properties. Its tensile strength increased from 19.84 to 22.45 MPa, for pure HIPS and HIPS-0.5, respectively. Furthermore, when using the HIPS-0.5 filament in the printing process, no clogging of the nozzle was observed, which may indicate good dispersion of the rGO in the polymer matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sieradzka
- Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biala, Poland; (J.F.); (D.B.); (T.G.); (R.F.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Graziano A, Titton Dias OA, Sena Maia B, Li J. Enhancing the mechanical, morphological, and rheological behavior of polyethylene/polypropylene blends with maleic anhydride‐grafted polyethylene. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Graziano
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Otavio Augusto Titton Dias
- Centre for Biocomposites and Biomaterials Processing, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Bruno Sena Maia
- Centre for Biocomposites and Biomaterials Processing, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jinlei Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pessini P, Daitx TS, Ferreira CI, Mauler RS. Selective localization of organophilic clay Cloisite
30B
in biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pessini
- Instituto de Química Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Tales S. Daitx
- Instituto de Química Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Creusa I. Ferreira
- Instituto de Química Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Raquel S. Mauler
- Instituto de Química Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi X, Pan Y, Wang Y, Jia Z, Chen T, Gong J, Jiang J. Synergistic Effects of Graphene and Ammonium Polyphosphate Modified with Vinyltrimethoxysilane on the Properties of High-Impact Polystyrene Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060881. [PMID: 33805610 PMCID: PMC8001055 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was modified with a silane coupling agent (vinyltrimethoxysilane, Si-171), and then the synergistic flame retarding effect of graphene and surface-modified APP (APP@Si-171) on high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) was investigated. Surface modification and thermal stability characterization of APP were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that surface-modified APP (APP@Si-171) exhibited significantly better dispersion and less agglomeration tendencies compared with pure APP. A series of target HIPS composites containing different mass fractions of the two flame retardants were prepared by melt blending. TGA and cone calorimeter tests (CCT) were conducted to quantitatively investigate the thermal and flammability properties of the composites, respectively. Results from TGA and CCT demonstrated that the addition of the flame retardants delayed the onset and peak temperatures in differential thermogravimetry (DTG) curves and weakened the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR). Moreover, the synergistic effect index (SE) was employed to quantify the synergistic behavior between the two fillers, and the results showed that APP@Si-171 and graphene had a synergistic effect on improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of HIPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Shi
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.); (T.C.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Yong Pan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.); (T.C.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-58139873
| | - Yuguo Wang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.); (T.C.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Zhimeng Jia
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.); (T.C.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.); (T.C.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Junhui Gong
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.); (T.C.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.); (T.C.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
- School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Preparation and characterization of polythiophene/graphene oxide/epoxy nanocomposite coatings with advanced properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
10
|
Impact of Reduced Graphene Oxide on structure and properties of polyethylene rich binary systems for performance-based applications. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
11
|
Recycling Waste Tires into Ground Tire Rubber (GTR)/Rubber Compounds: A Review. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recycling and recovery of waste tires is a serious environmental problem since vulcanized rubbers require several years to degrade naturally and remain for long periods of time in the environment. This is associated to a complex three dimensional (3D) crosslinked structure and the presence of a high number of different additives inside a tire formulation. Most end-of-life tires are discarded as waste in landfills taking space or incinerated for energy recovery, especially for highly degraded rubber wastes. All these options are no longer acceptable for the environment and circular economy. However, a great deal of progress has been made on the sustainability of waste tires via recycling as this material has high potential being a source of valuable raw materials. Extensive researches were performed on using these end-of-life tires as fillers in civil engineering applications (concrete and asphalt), as well as blending with polymeric matrices (thermoplastics, thermosets or virgin rubber). Several grinding technologies, such as ambient, wet or cryogenic processes, are widely used for downsizing waste tires and converting them into ground tire rubber (GTR) with a larger specific surface area. Here, a focus is made on the use of GTR as a partial replacement in virgin rubber compounds. The paper also presents a review of the possible physical and chemical surface treatments to improve the GTR adhesion and interaction with different matrices, including rubber regeneration processes such as thermomechanical, microwave, ultrasonic and thermochemical producing regenerated tire rubber (RTR). This review also includes a detailed discussion on the effect of GTR/RTR particle size, concentration and crosslinking level on the curing, rheological, mechanical, aging, thermal, dynamic mechanical and swelling properties of rubber compounds. Finally, a conclusion on the current situation is provided with openings for future works.
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang Y, Chen L, Zheng S, Wu X, Liu L, Ke K, Liu Z, Yang W, Yang M. A new insight into multi-tier structure tailoring: Synchronous utilization of particle migration and incompatible interface separation under shear flow. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
13
|
Azizli MJ, Rezaeinia S, Rezaeeparto K, Mokhtary M, Askari F. Enhanced compatibility, morphology, rheological and mechanical properties of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/chloroprene rubber/graphene nanocomposites: effect of compatibilizer and graphene content. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11777-11790. [PMID: 35496602 PMCID: PMC9050813 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00517g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastomeric nanocomposites were prepared from carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/chloroprene rubber (XNBR/CR), graphene and a glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-grafted XNBR (XNBR-g-GMA) compatibilizer by using a two-roll mill. The effect of graphene and XNBR-g-GMA compatibilizer on curing characteristics, rheological and mechanical properties and morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated. The curing properties and the morphology of the nanocomposites were studied by rheometry, SEM and TEM, respectively. The results of rheometry showed that by adding the XNBR-g-GMA compatibilizer and increasing the graphene content, the scorch time and optimum curing time decreased, but the torque increased, while the curing time increased with increasing CR percentage in the blend. Also, the results of DMTA tests showed that by adding the XNBR-g-GMA compatibilizer, there was compatibility between CR and XNBR and the dispersion of graphene in the XNBR/CR matrix was improved. This phenomenon was confirmed by direct observation of exfoliated graphene nanosheets by TEM. Also, the addition of XNBR-g-GMA and the increase of graphene content in the XNBR/CR matrix caused the fracture surface of the samples to be roughened and the size of dispersed phase (CR) in the XNBR matrix becomes smaller. The results of mechanical properties showed that the addition of the XNBR-g-GMA and increasing the graphene content resulted in increased hardness, fatigue strength, tensile strength, modulus and elongation-at-break.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Azizli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University Rasht Iran +989121410709 +982188333417.,Zolal Gostar Rooz, Technical Inspection and Consulting Engineers CO P.O. Box: 14139-74513 Tehran Iran
| | - Sheida Rezaeinia
- Zolal Gostar Rooz, Technical Inspection and Consulting Engineers CO P.O. Box: 14139-74513 Tehran Iran.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology P.O. Box: 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
| | | | - Masoud Mokhtary
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University Rasht Iran +989121410709 +982188333417
| | - Fahimeh Askari
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute P.O. Box: 14965/115 Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Waste Rubber Recycling: A Review on the Evolution and Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomers. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13030782. [PMID: 32046356 PMCID: PMC7040846 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Currently, plastics and rubbers are broadly being used to produce a wide range of products for several applications like automotive, building and construction, material handling, packaging, toys, etc. However, their waste (materials after their end of life) do not degrade and remain for a long period of time in the environment. The increase of polymeric waste materials’ generation (plastics and rubbers) in the world led to the need to develop suitable methods to reuse these waste materials and decrease their negative effects by simple disposal into the environment. Combustion and landfilling as traditional methods of polymer waste elimination have several disadvantages such as the formation of dust, fumes, and toxic gases in the air, as well as pollution of underground water resources. From the point of energy consumption and environmental issues, polymer recycling is the most efficient way to manage these waste materials. In the case of rubber recycling, the waste rubber can go through size reduction, and the resulting powders can be melt blended with thermoplastic resins to produce thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) compounds. TPE are multi-functional polymeric materials combining the processability of thermoplastics and the elasticity of rubbers. However, these materials show poor mechanical performance as a result of the incompatibility and immiscibility of most polymer blends. Therefore, the main problem associated with TPE production from recycled materials via melt blending is the low affinity and interaction between the thermoplastic matrix and the crosslinked rubber. This leads to phase separation and weak adhesion between both phases. In this review, the latest developments related to recycled rubbers in TPE are presented, as well as the different compatibilisation methods used to improve the adhesion between waste rubbers and thermoplastic resins. Finally, a conclusion on the current situation is provided with openings for future works.
Collapse
|
15
|
Peng S, He M, Yang Z, Zhang K, Xue B, Qin S, Yu J, Xu G. Fabrication of reinforced and toughened PC/PMMA composites by tuning the migration and selective location of graphenes during melt blending. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28527-28535. [PMID: 35520035 PMCID: PMC9055800 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04790b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we creatively obtained reinforced and toughened PC/PMMA/GNs composites by tuning the migration and selective location of graphene nanosheets (GNs) during melt blending. TEM results revealed that the migration of GNs in PC/PMMA blends during melt blending always existed no matter how the GNs were introduced, and most of them exclusively localized at the interface of PC and PMMA phase due to interfacial effects. The migration of GNs could refine the size of the dispersed phase, and the exclusive localization of GNs at the interface show obvious interfacial compatibilizing effects, leading to improved mechanical properties of the composites. It was found that the composite prepared by one-step compounding showed significant enhanced strength and toughness with addition of mere 0.05 wt% GNs and the tensile strength and elongation of the composite increased by about 62.96% and 94.54%, respectively as compared to the PC/PMMA blends. Moreover, the composite prepared by one-step compounding also showed improved thermal conductivity at the same time, indicating excellent comprehensive properties. It is believed that tuning the migration and selective localization of GNs open perspectives for the development of high-performance polymer composites. By adjusting the dispersion and distribution of graphene nanosheets (GNs) filler in polycarbonate/polymethyl methacrylate (PC/PMMA) composites, only 0.05 wt% GNs filler can significantly improve the strength and toughness of the composites.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigui Peng
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering
- College of Materials and Metallurgy
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Min He
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering
- College of Materials and Metallurgy
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Zhao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials
- Guiyang
- China
| | - Kai Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials
- Guiyang
- China
| | - Bin Xue
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials
- Guiyang
- China
| | - Shuhao Qin
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering
- College of Materials and Metallurgy
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering
- College of Materials and Metallurgy
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Guomin Xu
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering
- College of Materials and Metallurgy
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Polypyrrole doped graphene oxide reinforced epoxy nanocomposite with advanced properties for coatings of mild steel. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
17
|
Zulfi A, Ahmad Hapidin D, Saputra C, Sinta Mustika W, Miftahul Munir M, Khairurrijal K. The Synthesis of Fiber Membranes from High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) Waste using Needleless Electrospinning as Air Filtration Media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.03.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
18
|
Wang B, Zhao K, Zhang Y, Tao Y, Zhou X, Song L, Jie G, Hu Y. Influence of aging conditions on the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of HIPS composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road; Hefei Anhui 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Kuimin Zhao
- Public Security Fire Detachment of Xingtai, 66 Huining West Street; Huining Town, Xingtai County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province 054000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road; Hefei Anhui 230026 People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety; Suzhou Institute of University of Science and Technology of China, 166 Renai Road; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Youji Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Adaptability for Industrial Products; China National Electric Apparatus Research Institute; Guangzhou 510663 China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road; Hefei Anhui 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road; Hefei Anhui 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Ganxin Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Adaptability for Industrial Products; China National Electric Apparatus Research Institute; Guangzhou 510663 China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road; Hefei Anhui 230026 People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety; Suzhou Institute of University of Science and Technology of China, 166 Renai Road; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Khurshid F, Jeyavelan M, Sterlin Leo Hudson M, Nagarajan S. Organic semiconductor/graphene oxide composites as a photo-anode for photo-electrochemical applications. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35959-35965. [PMID: 35558496 PMCID: PMC9088551 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06546b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
An intimate physical mixture of graphene oxide (GO) and semiconducting organic molecules like bromophenathrene (BrPh) and bromopyrene (BrPy) was prepared by using a ball milling technique. The structural, microstructural, physical and chemical properties of the mixtures (20 wt% of GO) were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, SEM, FT-IR, TGA and TCSPC studies. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties like AC electrical conductivity, transient photocurrent response (PCTR) and open circuit voltage (OCVD) of the samples were analyzed. It has been observed from TCSPC and OCVD measurements that 20 wt% of GO in the semiconductor composite leads to an enhanced life-time of photo-generated charge carriers. The physical mixture composites exhibit a higher photocurrent than pure BrPh and BrPy. New organic materials with longer life-times of the charge carrier and enhancement of photocurrent generation were developed.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farheen Khurshid
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Tamil Nadu
- Thiruvarur
- India
| | - M. Jeyavelan
- Department of Physics
- Central University of Tamil Nadu
- Thiruvarur
- India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
The Compatibilization Effects of Alkylated-grafted-Graphene Oxide on Polypropylene/Polystyrene Blends. INT J POLYM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/2151205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by covalently grafted alkylated chains on GO sheets and their compatibilization effects on the morphologies and mechanical properties of immiscible polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) blends were investigated. Alkylated-grafted-GO/PP/PS batches were fabricated by melt-mixing approach and displayed different morphologies with various modified GO loadings. When the content of alkylated-grafted-GO is 0.2 wt%, the tensile strength of obtained composite could reach 17.97 MPa, showing a 36.3% enhancement compared to that of pristine PP/PS, indicating the positive compatibilization of modified GO in polymer blends. Moreover, the mixing order also plays an important role in achieving the desired improvement in properties. Due to the preferential location of modified GO in PP phase, a favorable “transition zone” could be formed at the interfacial region of two polymers when alkylated-grafted-GO was premixed with PS and subsequently mixed with PP, leading to an improvement of compatibilization between two polymers and an enhancement of mechanical properties. However, serious phase separation and declined tensile strength were obtained with a reversed mixing sequence.
Collapse
|
21
|
khezri T, Sharif M, Pourabas B. Polythiophene–graphene oxide doped epoxy resin nanocomposites with enhanced electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16701b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polythiophene–graphene oxide nanoparticle hybrids as high performance multifunctional reinforcement for epoxy resin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh khezri
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- Shiraz Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Shiraz
- Iran
| | - Mehdi Sharif
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- Shiraz Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Shiraz
- Iran
| | - Behzad Pourabas
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- Nanostructured Materials Research Center
- Sahand University of Technology
- Tabriz 51335-1996
- Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sharif M, Pourabas B. Enhancement of Electrical and Mechanical Properties of SU-8 Photocrosslinked Coatings Containing Polypyrrole-graphene Oxide Nanoparticles. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2016. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.29.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharif
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Nanostructured Materials Research Center,Sahand University of Technology
| | - Behzad Pourabas
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Nanostructured Materials Research Center,Sahand University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zare Y. Assumption of interphase properties in classical Christensen–Lo model for Young's modulus of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with spherical nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19330c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant reinforcement of polymer nanocomposites containing spherical nanoparticles which exceeds the predictions of classical models is commonly attributed to the formation of an interphase between polymer and nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Young Researchers and Elites Club
- Science and Research Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Tehran
- Iran
| |
Collapse
|