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Asgarshamsi MH, Dehkordi MM, Beigi HM, Fassihi A, Saghaie L. Synthesis of Some Benzothiazole Derivatives Based on 3-Hydroxypyridine-4-one and Benzaldehyde and Evaluation of Their β-Amyloid Aggregation Inhibition Using both Experimental Methods and Molecular Dynamic Simulation. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301113. [PMID: 37691012 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Some novel inhibitors based on the (benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-1-phenylmethanimine derivatives were designed to reduce the aggregation process in Alzheimer's disease. These structures seem to mimic stilbene-like scaffold, while the benzothiazole moiety "locks" the thioflavin T binding site. Other inhibitors were designed based on 2-((benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)-5-(benzyloxy)-1-methylpyridin-4(H)-one derivatives. Benzo[d]thiazol-2-amine derivatives were prepared by the reaction of aniline derivatives with ammonium thiocyanate in the presence of bromine/acetic acid. Then, the reaction of amines with benzaldehyde derivatives and 5-(benzyloxy)-1-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-2-carbaldehyde gave the desired compounds. The plate reader-based fibrillation assay was done to evaluate the inhibition of Aβ aggregation. Also, molecular dynamic simulation was carried out to clarify the interaction manner of the designed compounds with Aβ formation. The biological evaluation proved 5a and 7e as the best inhibitor of the Aβ aggregation. compound 5a in the concentration of 50 μM inhibited Aβ fibril formation better than 7e. MD simulation elucidated that the Aβ aggregation inhibitors in different concentrations represented different binding conformations throughout the entire or in one area of Aβ. MD showed the ligands in lower concentrations accumulate in an area of Aβ aggregations and separate one fibril from the aggregated Aβ. On the contrary, in higher concentrations, the ligands tend to be located through the entire Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Asgarshamsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, 73441-81746
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mohammadpour Dehkordi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, 73441-81746
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohammad Beigi
- Protein Biophysics, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 227, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Afshin Fassihi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, 73441-81746
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Lotfollah Saghaie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, 73441-81746
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He M, Fan M, Peng Z, Wang G. An overview of hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone as privileged scaffolds for novel drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113546. [PMID: 34023737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone are important oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nucleus and attracted increasing attention in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery over the past decade. Previous literature reports revealed that hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone derivatives exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, and anti-diabetic activities. In this review, we systematically summarized the literature reported biological activities of hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone derivatives. In particular, we focus on their biological activity, structure-activity relationship (SAR), mechanism of action, and interaction mechanisms with the target. The collected information is expected to provide rational guidance for the development of clinically useful agents from these pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meiyan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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3
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Semenov AV, Semenova EV, Balakireva OI. Heterocyclic Resveratrol Analogs. Synthesis and Physiological Activity: Part 1–Analogs Obtained by the Replacement of Aryl Residues with Heterocyclic Fragments. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Mourtas S, Mavroidi B, Marazioti A, Kannavou M, Sagnou M, Pelecanou M, Antimisiaris SG. Liposomes Decorated with 2-(4'-Aminophenyl)benzothiazole Effectively Inhibit Aβ 1-42 Fibril Formation and Exhibit in Vitro Brain-Targeting Potential. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4685-4698. [PMID: 33112137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The potential of 2-benzothiazolyl-decorated liposomes as theragnostic systems for Alzheimer's disease was evaluated in vitro, using PEGylated liposomes that were decorated with two types of 2-benzothiazoles: (i) the unsubstituted 2-benzothiazole (BTH) and (ii) the 2-(4-aminophenyl)benzothiazole (AP-BTH). The lipid derivatives of both BTH-lipid and AP-BTH-lipid were synthesized, for insertion in liposome membranes. Liposomes (LIP) containing three different concentrations of benzothiazoles (5, 10, and 20%) were formulated, and their stability, integrity in the presence of serum proteins, and their ability to inhibit β-amyloid (1-42) (Αβ42) peptide aggregation (by circular dichroism (CD) and thioflavin T (ThT) assay), were evaluated. Additionally, the interaction of some LIP with an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was studied. All liposome types ranged between 92 and 105 nm, with the exception of the 20% AP-BTH-LIP that were larger (180 nm). The 5 and 10% AP-BTH-LIP were stable when stored at 4 °C for 40 days and demonstrated high integrity in the presence of serum proteins for 7 days at 37 °C. Interestingly, CD experiments revealed that the AP-BTH-LIP substantially interacted with Αβ42 peptides and inhibited fibril formation, as verified by ThT assay, in contrast with the BTH-LIP, which had no effect. The 5 and 10% AP-BTH-LIP were the most effective in inhibiting Αβ42 fibril formation. Surprisingly, the AP-BTH-LIP, especially the 5% ones, demonstrated high interaction with brain endothelial cells and high capability to be transported across the BBB model. Taken together, the current results reveal that the 5% AP-BTH-LIP are of high interest as novel targeted theragnostic systems against AD, justifying further in vitro and in vivo exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Mourtas
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Dept. of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Patras 26510, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICES), Rio Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Barbara Mavroidi
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens 15310, Greece
| | - Antonia Marazioti
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Dept. of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Patras 26510, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICES), Rio Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Maria Kannavou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Dept. of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Patras 26510, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICES), Rio Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Marina Sagnou
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens 15310, Greece
| | - Maria Pelecanou
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens 15310, Greece
| | - Sophia G Antimisiaris
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Dept. of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Patras 26510, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICES), Rio Patras 26504, Greece
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5
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Jiang X, Zhou T, Bai R, Xie Y. Hydroxypyridinone-Based Iron Chelators with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14470-14501. [PMID: 33023291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron plays an essential role in all living cells because of its unique chemical properties. It is also the most abundant trace element in mammals. However, when iron is present in excess or inappropriately located, it becomes toxic. Excess iron can become involved in free radical formation, resulting in oxidative stress and cellular damage. Iron chelators are used to treat serious pathological disorders associated with systemic iron overload. Hydroxypyridinones stand out for their outstanding chelation properties, including high selectivity for Fe3+ in the biological environment, ease of derivatization, and good biocompatibility. Herein, we overview the potential for multifunctional hydroxypyridinone-based chelators to be used as therapeutic agents against a wide range of diseases associated either with systemic or local elevated iron levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P.R. China
| | - Renren Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
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Preparation of Benzothiazolyl-Decorated Nanoliposomes. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081540. [PMID: 31003552 PMCID: PMC6514897 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) species are considered as potential targets for the development of diagnostics/therapeutics towards Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nanoliposomes which are decorated with molecules having high affinity for Aβ species may be considered as potential carriers for AD theragnostics. Herein, benzothiazolyl (BTH) decorated nanoliposomes were prepared for the first time, after synthesis of a lipidic BTH derivative (lipid-BTH). The synthetic pathway included acylation of bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfide with palmitic acid or palmitoyl chloride and subsequent reduction of the oxidized dithiol derivative. The liberated thiols were able to cyclize to the corresponding benzothiazolyl derivatives only after acidification of the reaction mixture. Each step of the procedure was monitored by HPLC analysis in order to identify all the important parameters for the formation of the BTH-group. Finally, the optimal methodology was identified, and was applied for the synthesis of the lipid-BTH derivative. BTH-decorated nanoliposomes were then prepared and characterized for physicochemical properties (size distribution, surface charge, physical stability, and membrane integrity during incubation in presence of buffer and plasma proteins). Pegylated BTH-nanoliposomes were demonstrated to have high integrity in the presence of proteins (in comparison to non-peglated ones) justifying their further exploitation as potential theragnostic systems for AD.
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Cheng G, Xu P, Zhang M, Chen J, Sheng R, Ma Y. Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5759-5765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Salehi N, Mirjalili BBF, Nadri H, Abdolahi Z, Forootanfar H, Samzadeh-Kermani A, Küçükkılınç TT, Ayazgok B, Emami S, Haririan I, Sharifzadeh M, Foroumadi A, Khoobi M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new N-benzylpyridinium-based benzoheterocycles as potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:559-568. [PMID: 30471578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of benzylpyridinium-based benzoheterocycles (benzimidazole, benzoxazole or benzothiazole) were designed as potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitors. The title compounds 4a-q were conveniently synthesized via condensation reaction of 1,2-phenylenediamine, 2-aminophenol or 2-aminothiophenol with pyridin-4-carbalehyde, followed by N-benzylation using various benzyl halides. The results of in vitro biological assays revealed that most of them, especially 4c and 4g, had potent anticholinesterase activity comparable or more potent than reference drug, donepezil. The kinetic study demonstrated that the representative compound 4c inhibits AChE in competitive manner. According to the ligand-enzyme docking simulation, compound 4c occupied the active site at the vicinity of catalytic triad. The compounds 4c and 4g were found to be inhibitors of Aβ self-aggregation as well as AChE-induced Aβ aggregation. Meanwhile, these compounds could significantly protect PC12 cells against H2O2-induced injury and showed no toxicity against HepG2 cells. As multi-targeted structures, compounds 4c and 4g could be considered as promising candidate for further lead developments to treat Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeimeh Salehi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, P.O. Box 89195-741, Iran
| | - Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, P.O. Box 89195-741, Iran.
| | - Hamid Nadri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdolahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | - Beyza Ayazgok
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saeed Emami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ismaeil Haririan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology and Poisoning Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Departmnt of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kiritsis C, Mavroidi B, Shegani A, Palamaris L, Loudos G, Sagnou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M, Pelecanou M. 2-(4'-Aminophenyl)benzothiazole Labeled with 99mTc-Cyclopentadienyl for Imaging β-Amyloid Plaques. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:1089-1092. [PMID: 29057056 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a 99mTc-radiotracer for imaging of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is strongly anticipated to provide a low cost and broadly accessible diagnostic tool for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Within this framework, 2-(4'-aminophenyl)benzothiazole, known to display affinity and specificity for Aβ plaques, has been joined to the tricarbonyl fac-[M(CO)3]+ (M = Re(I), 99mTc(I)) core through the cyclopentadienyl moiety to yield stable, neutral, and lipophilic complexes (Re-1 and 99mTc-1, respectively). The Re-1 complex was completely characterized with spectroscopic methods and was shown to selectively stain Aβ plaques on sections of human AD brain tissue. The 99mTc-1 complex displayed satisfactory initial brain uptake (0.53% ID/g at 2 min) and in vivo stability in healthy mice, while in transgenic 5xFAD mice, models for AD, a notable retention in the brain was noted (1.94% ID/g at 90 min). The results are encouraging and contribute to the effort of developing a SPECT amyloid imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lazaros Palamaris
- Department
of Medical Instruments Technology, Technological Educational Institute, 12210 Athens, Greece
| | - George Loudos
- Department
of Medical Instruments Technology, Technological Educational Institute, 12210 Athens, Greece
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Xu P, Zhang M, Sheng R, Ma Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ 1-42 aggregation inhibitors and metal-chelating agents for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 127:174-186. [PMID: 28061347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids have been designed and synthesized as multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) through merging the chelating moiety 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one into the structure of resveratrol, a natural antioxidant agent and β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) aggregation inhibitor. The in vitro biological evaluation revealed that most of these newly synthesized compounds exhibited good inhibitory activity against self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation, excellent antioxidant activity and potent metal chelating capability. Compounds 3i and 4f were identified as the most promising MTDLs with triple functions, possessing micromolar IC50 values for Aβ1-42 aggregation inhibition, greater 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) scavenging activity than Trolox and similar pFe(III) values to that of deferiprone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402 Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Minkui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Rong Sheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Yongmin Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402 Zhejiang, PR China.
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