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Li J, Song Z, Cui K, Li H, Han M, Wang J, Chen L. Green and efficient catalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone over cobalt oxide supported on a carbon material derived from sugar. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:25688-25696. [PMID: 39351792 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02803a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
The use of biomass as a carbon source to support metal oxides has significant advantages in environmental protection and reducing the cost of the catalyst. The critical point lies on the development of highly active and recyclable catalysts. In this study, sugar was used as a carbon source, and cobalt oxide was loaded via an in situ method and an impregnation method to prepare the catalyst, respectively. The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman, in situ electron paramagnetic resonance (in situ EPR) and N2 adsorption-desorption. The characterization results show that the macroporous carbon-supported cobalt oxide catalyst prepared by the in situ method contains CoOx nanoparticles on the support, but the dispersion of cobalt oxide on the support is more uniform compared with the catalyst prepared by the impregnation method. The catalytic performance of the prepared catalyst was evaluated through the oxidation of ethylbenzene (EB) to acetophenone (AP) as a probe reaction. Under the optimized reaction conditions, temperature (T) = 80 °C, m(catalyst) : m(EB) = 0.15, n(H2O2) : n(EB) : n(KBr) = 14.4 : 1 : 0.1, t = 8 h, and V(EB) : V(CH3COOH) = 1 : 10, the conversion of EB and the selectivity of AP were 84.1% and 81.3%, respectively. CoOx/SC-10-in situ exhibits improved reactivity of EB oxidation owing to cobalt ions on the carbon support that promote the free radical and acid catalytic reaction pathway. The cobalt oxide catalyst supported by biomass carbon has decent recycling and regeneration ability, which provides a new idea for the application of biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 110629, P. R. China.
| | - Zhimei Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 110629, P. R. China.
| | - Kaikai Cui
- BEFAR GROUP CO., LTD, Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, P. R. China
| | - Haonan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 110629, P. R. China.
| | - Mei Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 110629, P. R. China.
| | - Jinge Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 110629, P. R. China.
| | - Lidong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 110629, P. R. China.
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Vijayarangan M, Sangamithirai M, Ashok V, Umapathy K, Jayabharathi J, Thanikachalam V. Amorphous Cobalt-Impregnated Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Encapsulation Nanochain Enhances Long-Lasting Electrochemical Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:35013-35023. [PMID: 38937140 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical water splitting (EWS) is a promising way to attain H2, which has been deemed an ideal substitution for fossil fuels because of renewable and eco-friendly benefits. Developing an amorphous-based simple and structurally flexible non-noble catalyst to offer high performance for commercial applications has become a current interest. Amorphous cobalt-anchored nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles (Co@NC-NPs) were designed to have a low overpotential and Tafel as a bifunctional electrocatalyst (HER - 142 mV/80 mV dec-1 and OER - 250 mV/72 mV dec-1) to achieve 10 mA cm-2 in 1.0 KOH. FE-SEM and HR-TEM described the interconnected nanochain morphology and purity of Co@NC-NPs electrocatalyst, which were confirmed by EDX and elemental mapping. In a full cell water electrolyzer, Co@NC-NPs(+,-) may act as an anode and cathode electrode material to achieve 1.60 V @ 10 mA cm-2 in a wide pH. The efficient Co@NC-NPs are stable for 100 h without obvious recession. In solar cell applications, Co@NC-NPs(+,-) catalyst was employed as both positive and negative terminals and evolved enormous bubbles of O2 and H2. As previously mentioned, we covered the amorphization strategy with the optimistic role of structural flexibility and defects to enrich the active sites to improve the electrocatalytic stability. As a promising opinion, the amorphous electrocatalyst provides ultraefficiency for forthcoming developments in EWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Vijayarangan
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Lab, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608 002, India
| | - Muthukumaran Sangamithirai
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Lab, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608 002, India
| | - Venkatachalam Ashok
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Lab, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608 002, India
| | - Krishnan Umapathy
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Lab, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608 002, India
| | - Jayaraman Jayabharathi
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Lab, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608 002, India
| | - Venugopal Thanikachalam
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Lab, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608 002, India
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Bates JS, Johnson MR, Khamespanah F, Root TW, Stahl SS. Heterogeneous M-N-C Catalysts for Aerobic Oxidation Reactions: Lessons from Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6233-6256. [PMID: 36198176 PMCID: PMC10073352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nonprecious metal heterogeneous catalysts composed of first-row transition metals incorporated into nitrogen-doped carbon matrices (M-N-Cs) have been studied for decades as leading alternatives to Pt for the electrocatalytic O2 reduction reaction (ORR). More recently, similar M-N-C catalysts have been shown to catalyze the aerobic oxidation of organic molecules. This Focus Review highlights mechanistic similarities and distinctions between these two reaction classes and then surveys the aerobic oxidation reactions catalyzed by M-N-Cs. As the active-site structures and kinetic properties of M-N-C aerobic oxidation catalysts have not been extensively studied, the array of tools and methods used to characterize ORR catalysts are presented with the goal of supporting further advances in the field of aerobic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Bates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mathew R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Fatemeh Khamespanah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Thatcher W. Root
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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4
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Keum H, Yoo D, Jon S. Photomedicine based on heme-derived compounds. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 182:114134. [PMID: 35122881 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoimaging and phototherapy have become major platforms for the diagnosis and treatment of various health complications. These applications require a photosensitizer (PS) that is capable of absorbing light from a source and converting it into other energy forms for detection and therapy. While synthetic inorganic materials such as quantum dots and gold nanorods have been widely explored for their medical diagnosis and photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) therapy capabilities, translation of these technologies has lagged, primarily owing to potential cytotoxicity and immunogenicity issues. Of the various photoreactive molecules, the naturally occurring endogenous compound heme, a constituent of red blood cells, and its derivatives, porphyrin, biliverdin and bilirubin, have shown immense potential as noteworthy candidates for clinically translatable photoreactive agents, as evidenced by previous reports. While porphyrin-based photomedicines have attracted significant attention and are well documented, research on photomedicines based on two other heme-derived compounds, biliverdin and bilirubin, has been relatively lacking. In this review, we summarize the unique photoproperties of heme-derived compounds and outline recent efforts to use them in biomedical imaging and phototherapy applications.
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Huang WY, Jheng LC, Hsieh TH, Ho KS, Wang YZ, Gao YJ, Tseng PH. Calcined Co(II)-Triethylenetetramine, Co(II)- Polyaniline-Thiourea as the Cathode Catalyst of Proton Exchanged Membrane Fuel Cell. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12123070. [PMID: 33371521 PMCID: PMC7767545 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Triethylenetetramine (TETA) and thiourea complexed Cobalt(II) (Co(II)) ions are used as cathode catalysts for proton exchanged membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) under the protection of polyaniline (PANI) which can become a conducting medium after calcination. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra clearly reveal the presence of typical carbon nitride and sulfide bonds of the calcined Nitrogen (N)- or Sulfur (S)-doped co-catalysts. Clear (002) and (100) planes of carbon-related X-ray diffraction patterns are found for co-catalysts after calcination, related to the formation of a conducting medium after the calcination of PANI. An increasing intensity ratio of the D to G band of the Raman spectra reveal the doping of N and S elements. More porous surfaces of co-catalysts are found in scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) micropictures when prepared in the presence of both TETA and thiourea (CoNxSyC). Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) curves show the highest reducing current to be 4 mAcm−2 at 1600 rpm for CoNxSyC, indicating the necessity for both N- and S-doping. The membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) prepared with the cathode made of CoNxSyC produces the highest maximum power density, close to 180 mW cm−2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yao Huang
- Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Cheng Jheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (T.-H.H.); (Y.-J.G.); (P.-H.T.)
| | - Tar-Hwa Hsieh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (T.-H.H.); (Y.-J.G.); (P.-H.T.)
| | - Ko-Shan Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (T.-H.H.); (Y.-J.G.); (P.-H.T.)
- Correspondence: (K.-S.H.); (Y.-Z.W.)
| | - Yen-Zen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yun-Lin University of Science and Technology, Yun-Lin 64002, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-S.H.); (Y.-Z.W.)
| | - Yi-Jhun Gao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (T.-H.H.); (Y.-J.G.); (P.-H.T.)
| | - Po-Hao Tseng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (T.-H.H.); (Y.-J.G.); (P.-H.T.)
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Li S, Zhang L, Jie S, Liu Z. In situ synthesis of highly dispersed Co–N–C catalysts with carbon-coated sandwich structures based on defect anchoring. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00213e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Highly dispersed Co–N–C catalysts were prepared via a defect strategy to anchor metal atoms with a carbon coating and were applied for the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Lushuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Shanshan Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
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7
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Gao L, Zhuge W, Feng X, Sun W, Sun X, Zheng G. Co/rGO synthesized via the alcohol-thermal method as a heterogeneous catalyst for the highly efficient oxidation of ethylbenzene with oxygen. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00470j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Co3O4 nanoparticles uniformly dispersed on reduced graphene oxide (Co/rGO) were synthesized by the alcohol-thermal method as a highly efficient catalyst with initiator NHPI for the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone using O2 as a green oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - WenYun Zhuge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Xue Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Xu Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Gengxiu Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
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8
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Chen S, Wu Y, Jie S, Au CT, Liu Z. Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped cobalt carbon catalysts for ethylbenzene oxidation with synergistically enhanced performance. RSC Adv 2019; 9:9462-9467. [PMID: 35520717 PMCID: PMC9062161 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00672a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom doping has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy for improving the performance of catalysts. In this paper, cobalt carbon catalysts co-doped with nitrogen and sulfur (N and S) were synthesized through a hydrothermal method with chelate composites involving melamine, thioglycolic acid (C2H4O2S), and tetrahydrate cobalt acetate (Co(OAc)2·4H2O). In addition, the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene under solvent-free conditions with molecular oxygen was used as a probe reaction to evaluate the activity of the catalysts. The optimized catalyst shows an ethylbenzene conversion of 48% with an acetophenone selectivity of 85%. Furthermore, the catalysts were systematically characterized by techniques such as TEM, SEM, XRD, Raman, and XPS. The results reveal that the species of cobalt sulfides and synergistic effects between N and S has inserted a key influence on their catalytic performance. Co-N-S-C catalysts with rod-like structures were synthesized for the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene using O2 as an oxidant.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Yujie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Shanshan Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Chak Tong Au
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Engineering
- Xiangtan
- China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
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9
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Electrocatalytic and energy storage performance of bio-derived sulphur-nitrogen-doped carbon. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Effective Degradation of Rh 6G Using Montmorillonite-Supported Nano Zero-Valent Iron under Microwave Treatment. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11112212. [PMID: 30405090 PMCID: PMC6265766 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron has drawn great attention for the degradation of organic dyes due to its high reactivity, large specific surface area, lightweight, and magnetism. However, the aggregation and passivation of iron nanoparticles may prohibit the wide use of it. A new composite material was prepared by loading nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) on montmorillonite (MMT) to overcome the above shortcomings and it was further used for the removal of Rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) under microwave treatment in the present work. The effects of various parameters, including the initial concentration of Rh 6G, microwave power, and pH value were investigated. The new composite material (nZVI/MMT) showed an excellent degradation ability for removing Rh 6G, and the removal amount reached 500 mg/g within 15 min. The degradation rate reached 0.4365 min−1, significantly higher than most previous reports using other removal methods for Rh 6G.
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Shahraei A, Martinaiou I, Creutz KA, Kübler M, Weidler N, Ranecky ST, Wallace WDZ, Nowroozi MA, Clemens O, Stark RW, Kramm UI. Exploring Active Sites in Multi-Heteroatom-Doped Co-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reactions. Chemistry 2018; 24:12480-12484. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shahraei
- TU Darmstadt; Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Chemistry; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Ioanna Martinaiou
- TU Darmstadt; Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - K. Alexander Creutz
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Markus Kübler
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Chemistry; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Natascha Weidler
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Simon T. Ranecky
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - W. David Z. Wallace
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Chemistry; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Mohammad Ali Nowroozi
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Oliver Clemens
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Robert W. Stark
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Ulrike I. Kramm
- TU Darmstadt; Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Chemistry; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
- TU Darmstadt; Department of Material and Earth Sciences; Otto-Berndt-Str. 3 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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Ghosh A, Ramaprabhu S. An efficient and durable novel catalyst support with superior electron-donating properties and fuel diffusivity for a direct methanol fuel cell. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01522d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is projected as one of the most promising next-generation fuel cell technologies and reducing the catalyst loading at the anode side with an improvement in the sluggishness of methanol oxidation has become the key research topic in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Ghosh
- Alternative Energy and Nanotechnology Laboratory (AENL)
- Nano Functional Materials Technology Centre (NFMTC)
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- India
| | - S. Ramaprabhu
- Alternative Energy and Nanotechnology Laboratory (AENL)
- Nano Functional Materials Technology Centre (NFMTC)
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- India
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13
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Qiu Y, Yang C, Huo J, Liu Z. Synthesis of Co-N-C immobilized on carbon nanotubes for ethylbenzene oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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