Study of palladium and boric acid ion co-doped Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material with high performance

A palladium and boric acid ion co-doped Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C composite was successfully synthesized by a simple method. A series of characteristics, such as its microstructures and electrochemical properties, were studied. The results show that the modified materials have relatively regular spherical particles and good electrochemical performances for cathode materials. It delivers a high special capacity of 159.2 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.2C and 128.9 mA h g⁻¹ at 5C in the voltage range of 2–4.3 V. After cycling at different rates, the initial discharge capacity retention rate was 97.5%. The enhanced electrochemical properties indicate that the modification method, using anions and cations to collaborative dope the material, effective to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode material.

A palladium and boric acid ion co-doped Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C composite was successfully synthesized by a simple method.

Multi-heteroatom doped carbon coated Na3V2(PO4)3 derived from ionic liquids

Multi-heteroatom doped carbon coated Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ derived from an ionic liquid exhibits superior rate performance and cycling stability.

Organic-phase synthesis of Li3V2(PO4)3@Carbon nanocrystals and their lithium storage properties

Decreasing particle size is an efficient strategy for improving the lithium storage properties of Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (LVP) due to a shorter transport distances of lithium ion and electrons. However, designing and synthesizing LVP nanocrystals (NCs) with sizes smaller than 30 nm remains a challenge. In this work, we developed a facile approach for the fabrication of the monodisperse LVP NCs through a robust high-temperature organic-phase method. The thermodynamics of the synthesis and the possible reaction mechanism were investigated. The results indicate that the organic-phase environment (at 320 °C) may not thermodynamically allow the crystallization of LVP. Nevertheless, oleic acid (OA) and oleylamine (OAm) are essential as capping agents to hinder the agglomeration and growth of the particles. Based on the thermodynamic need, calcination is essential to prepare LVP. The surface electronic conductivity of the LVP NCs was enhanced through a subsequent carbon-coating treatment. The optimum combination of reduction and carbon coating is very favorable for the kinetics of electron transfer and lithium ion diffusion. Therefore, the fabricated LVP@C NCs exhibit superior lithium storage properties with excellent rate capability (84 mA h g⁻¹ at a rate of 20C) and perfect cyclic stability (96.2% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 5C), demonstrating their potential application in high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃@Carbon nanocrystals exhibit superior lithium storage properties due to the shortened lithium-ion diffusion length and the enhanced surface electronic conductivity.

Anthracite-Derived Dual-Phase Carbon-Coated Li3V2(PO4)3 as High-Performance Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

In this study, low cost anthracite-derived dual-phase carbon-coated Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ composites have been successfully prepared via a traditional solid-phase method. XRD results show that the as-prepared samples have high crystallinity and anthracite introduction has no influence on the LVP crystal structure. The LVP/C particles are uniformly covered with a dual-phase carbon layer composed of amorphous carbon and graphitic carbon. The effect of the amount of anthracite on the battery performance of LVP as a cathode material has also been studied. The LVP/C composite obtained with 10 wt % anthracite (LVP/C-10) delivers the highest initial charge/discharge capacities of 186.1/168.2 mAh g^-1 at 1 C and still retains the highest discharge capacity of 134.0 mAh g^-1 even after 100 cycles. LVP/C-10 also displays an outstanding average capacity of 140.8 mAh g^-1 at 5 C. The superior rate capability and cycling stability of LVP/C-10 is ascribed to the reduced particle size, decreased charge-transfer resistance, and improved lithium ion diffusion coefficient. Our results demonstrate that using anthracite as a carbon source opens up a new strategy for larger-scale synthesis of LVP and other electrode materials with poor electronic conductivity for lithium ion batteries.

3D porous Li3V2(PO4)3/hard carbon composites for improving the rate performance of lithium ion batteries

A 3D porous Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/hard carbon composite delivers a capacity of 98 mA h g⁻¹ after 1000 cycles at 10C.

β-Cyclodextrin coated lithium vanadium phosphate as novel cathode material for lithium ion batteries

As a new carbon source, β-cyclodextrin was used to synthesize a Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C cathode material for LIB via a rheological phase method. The sample showed high capacity, good rate performance and cycle stability, and low resistance.