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Liang Y, Luo J, Diskin-Posner Y, Milstein D. Designing New Magnesium Pincer Complexes for Catalytic Hydrogenation of Imines and N-Heteroarenes: H 2 and N-H Activation by Metal-Ligand Cooperation as Key Steps. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9164-9175. [PMID: 37068165 PMCID: PMC10141328 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of main-group metals as alternatives to transition metals in homogeneous catalysis has become a hot research area in recent years. However, their application in catalytic hydrogenation is less common due to the difficulty in heterolytic cleavage of the H-H bond. Employing aromatization/de-aromatization metal-ligand cooperation (MLC) highly enhances the H2 activation process, offering an efficient approach for the hydrogenation of unsaturated molecules catalyzed by main-group metals. Herein, we report a series of new magnesium pincer complexes prepared using PNNH-type pincer ligands. The complexes were characterized by NMR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Reversible activation of H2 and N-H bonds by MLC employing these pincer complexes was developed. Using the new magnesium complexes, homogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation of aldimines and ketimines was achieved, affording secondary amines in excellent yields. Control experiments and DFT studies reveal that a pathway involving MLC is favorable for the hydrogenation reactions. Moreover, the efficient catalysis was extended to the selective hydrogenation of quinolines and other N-heteroarenes, presenting the first example of hydrogenation of N-heteroarenes homogeneously catalyzed by early main-group metal complexes. This study provides a new strategy for hydrogenation of C═N bonds catalyzed by magnesium compounds and enriches the research of main-group metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Liang
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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2
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Ankur, Sharma D, Andrews AP, Venugopal A. Reactivity of a quasi-four-coordinate butylmagnesium cation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1533-1537. [PMID: 36692073 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00018d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We present the reactivity of the Mg-C and the β-CH bonds in the trigonal pyramidal [(pmdta)Mg(nBu)]+ exhibiting a weak Mg⋯F interaction with counter anion, [B(C6F5)4]-. Instantaneous β-hydride reactivity with benzophenone, reductive alkylation of phenyl benzoate, and straightforward synthesis of [(pmdta)MgH]+via metathesis with pinacolborane/phenylsilane are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India.
| | - Deepti Sharma
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India.
| | - Alex P Andrews
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India.
| | - Ajay Venugopal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India.
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3
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Obi AD, Dickie DA, Tiznado W, Frenking G, Pan S, Gilliard RJ. A Multidimensional Approach to Carbodiphosphorane–Bismuth Coordination Chemistry: Cationization, Redox-Flexibility, and Stabilization of a Crystalline Bismuth Hydridoborate. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19452-19462. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akachukwu D. Obi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 498, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sudip Pan
- Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert J. Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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4
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Qian J, Comito RJ. Site-Isolated Main-Group Tris(2-pyridyl)borate Complexes by Pyridine Substitution and Their Ring-Opening Polymerization Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10852-10862. [PMID: 35776081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tris(2-pyridyl)borates are an emerging class of scorpionate ligands, distinguished as exceptionally robust and electron-donating. However, the rapid formation of inert homoleptic complexes with divalent metals has so far limited their catalytic utility. We report site-isolating tris(2-pyridyl)borate ligands, bearing isopropyl, tert-butyl, and mesityl substituents at the pyridine 6-position to suppress the formation of inert homoleptic complexes. These ligands form the first 1:1 complexes between tris(2-pyridyl)borates and Mg2+, Zn2+, or Ca2+, with isopropyl-substituted TpyiPrH showing the most generality. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the resulting complexes and comparison to density functional theory (DFT) models showed geometric distortions driven by steric repulsion between the pyridine 6-substituents and the hexamethyldisilazide (HMDS-, -N(SiMe3)2) anion. We show that this steric profile is a feature of the six-membered pyridine ring and contrasts with more established tris(pyrazolyl)borate and tris(imidazoline)borate scorpionate complexes. TpyiPrMg(HMDS) (1) and its zinc analogue are moderately active for the controlled polymerization of l-lactide, ε-caprolactone, and trimethylene carbonate. Furthermore, 1 gives controlled polymerization under more demanding melt-phase polymerization conditions at 100 °C, and block copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate. These results will enable useful catalysis and coordination chemistry studies with tris(2-pyridyl)borates, and characterizes their structural complementarity to more familiar scorpionate ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Robert J Comito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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5
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Li X, Bian F, Li S, Gui X, Yao M, Hu J, Lin S. Preparation of multifunctional silicone acrylate prepolymers with anti-oxygen inhibition ability for application in UV-curable anti-smudge coatings. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Roy MMD, Omaña AA, Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Aldridge S, Rivard E. Molecular Main Group Metal Hydrides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12784-12965. [PMID: 34450005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review serves to document advances in the synthesis, versatile bonding, and reactivity of molecular main group metal hydrides within Groups 1, 2, and 12-16. Particular attention will be given to the emerging use of said hydrides in the rapidly expanding field of Main Group element-mediated catalysis. While this review is comprehensive in nature, focus will be given to research appearing in the open literature since 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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7
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Chen X, Wang Z, Zhou J, Liu Y, Jin H, Zhou B. Nickel-catalyzed remote hydrosilylation of unconjugated enones with bulky triphenylsilane. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8021-8024. [PMID: 34490432 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01477c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe a nickel-catalyzed remote hydrosilylation of unconjugated enones with bulky triphenylsilane. A range of Z-silyl enol ethers are obtained as major isomers due to the process of nickel triggered alkene isomerization. Notably, some specific alkyl silyl enol ethers can be prepared from this protocol, which are not easily accessed by the traditional strategy using a strong base and chlorosilane. This reaction features 100% atom economy, simple reaction conditions, and good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Jinyong Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Yunkui Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Hongwei Jin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Bingwei Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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8
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Légaré Lavergne J, To HM, Fontaine FG. Boric acid as a precatalyst for BH 3-catalyzed hydroboration. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31941-31949. [PMID: 35495511 PMCID: PMC9041564 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We report that boric acid, BO3H3, is a good precatalyst for the BH3-catalyzed hydroboration of esters using pinacolborane as a borylation agent. Using microwave irradiation as an energy source, we demonstrated that a dozen esters were converted into the corresponding boronate ethers in good yields. It was also possible to use boric acid as a precatalyst to reduce carbonates and alkynes. Considering the hazardous and pyrophoric nature of BH3 solutions, boric acid proves to be a safe and green precatalyst for the metal-free reduction of unsaturated species. Cheap and air-stable boric acid is shown to be a good precatalyst for BH3 hydroboration of esters and carbonates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Légaré Lavergne
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval 1045 Avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Hoang-Minh To
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval 1045 Avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
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9
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Banerjee I, Panda TK. Recent developments in the reduction of unsaturated bonds by magnesium precursors. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy India
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10
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Corre Y, Rysak V, Nagyházi M, Kalocsai D, Trivelli X, Djukic J, Agbossou‐Niedercorn F, Michon C. One‐Pot Controlled Reduction of Conjugated Amides by Sequential Double Hydrosilylation Catalyzed by an Iridium(III) Metallacycle. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Corre
- UCCS UMR 8181 Univ. Lille CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Vincent Rysak
- UCCS UMR 8181 Univ. Lille CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Márton Nagyházi
- UCCS UMR 8181 Univ. Lille CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Dorottya Kalocsai
- UCCS UMR 8181 Univ. Lille CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Xavier Trivelli
- IMEC Institut Michel‐Eugène Chevreul FR 2638 Univ. Lille 59000 Lille France
| | - Jean‐Pierre Djukic
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Francine Agbossou‐Niedercorn
- UCCS UMR 8181 Univ. Lille CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Christophe Michon
- UCCS UMR 8181 Univ. Lille CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
- Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux ‐ LIMA UMR 7042, Université de Strasbourg Université de Haute‐Alsace, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
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11
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Okokhere-Edeghoghon B, Dehmel M, Hill MS, Kretschmer R, Mahon MF, McMullin CL, Morris LJ, Rajabi NA. Nucleophilic Magnesium Silanide and Silaamidinate Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13679-13689. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maximilian Dehmel
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Kretschmer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Claire L. McMullin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Louis J. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Nasir A. Rajabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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12
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Vasilenko V, Blasius CK, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Borohydride intermediates pave the way for magnesium-catalysed enantioselective ketone reduction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:1203-1206. [PMID: 31904033 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09111d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A magnesium precatalyst for the highly enantioselective hydro-boration of C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bonds is reported. The mechanistic basis of the unprecedented selectivity of this transformation has been investi-gated experimentally by isolation of catalytic intermediates and theoretically by DFT calculations. The facile formation of a magnesium borohydride species is critical in overcoming competing pathways in the selectivity-determining insertion step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Vasilenko
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Clemens K Blasius
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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13
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Barger CJ, Motta A, Weidner VL, Lohr TL, Marks TJ. La[N(SiMe3)2]3-Catalyzed Ester Reductions with Pinacolborane: Scope and Mechanism of Ester Cleavage. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Barger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma I-00185, Italy
| | - Victoria L. Weidner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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14
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Bruyere JC, Gourlaouen C, Karmazin L, Bailly C, Boudon C, Ruhlmann L, de Frémont P, Dagorne S. Synthesis and Characterization of Neutral and Cationic Magnesium Complexes Supported by NHC Ligands. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Charles Bruyere
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Service de Radiocristallographie-Fédération de Chimie Le Bel, FR2010-1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP296/R8, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Service de Radiocristallographie-Fédération de Chimie Le Bel, FR2010-1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP296/R8, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Ruhlmann
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre de Frémont
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Samuel Dagorne
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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15
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Pécharman AF, Hill MS, McMullon G, McMullin CL, Mahon MF. Snapshots of magnesium-centred diborane heterolysis by an outer sphere S N2 process. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6672-6682. [PMID: 31367321 PMCID: PMC6624991 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02087j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactions of a magnesium diboranate as a source of [Bpin]– anions are initiated by ‘outer sphere’ attack of C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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N bonded substrates.
Reactions of the β-diketiminato magnesium diboranate derivative, [(BDI)Mg{pinB(n-Bu)Bpin}] (BDI = HC{(Me)CNDipp}2; Dipp = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3), with N,N′-dialkyl and N,N′-diaryl carbodiimides provided the corresponding C-borylated magnesium borylamidinates. This reactivity occurs with the displacement of n-BuBpin and with the apparent addition of a nucleophilic {Bpin} anion to the electrophilic unsaturated carbodiimide carbon centres. In contrast, while analogous reactions of [(BDI)Mg{pinB(n-Bu)Bpin}] with N-alkyl or N-aryl aldimines and ketimines also resulted in facile displacement of n-BuBpin, they provided the organomagnesium products of {Bpin} addition to the imine nitrogen atom rather than the more electrophilic trigonal imine carbon. Computational assessment by density functional theory (DFT) indicated that, although the energetic differences are marginal, the organomagnesium products may be considered as the kinetic outcome of these reactions with respect to the generation of alternative amidomagnesium regioisomers. This latter deduction was borne out by the thermally-induced conversion of two such organomagnesium species to their C-borylated amidomagnesium isomers, both of which occur with negligible entropies of activation indicative of purely intramolecular processes. Detailed analysis by DFT of the reaction of [(BDI)Mg{pinB(n-Bu)Bpin}] with PhN
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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CHPh indicated that B–N bond formation is initiated by attack of the imine nitrogen at the three-coordinate boron atom of the diboranate anion rather than the more crowded magnesium centre. Consistent with an effectively spontaneous reaction, the resultant cleavage of the B–B bond of the diboranate unit is accomplished via the traversal of two very modest barriers of only 8.3 and 6.7 kcal mol–1. This analysis was also supportive of a subsequent intramolecular B–N to B–C isomerisation process. Of greater general significance, however, the addition of the {Bpin}– anion to the reducible aldimine is best rationalised as a consequence of the electrophilic character of this three-coordinate boron centre rather than any intrinsic nucleophilicity associated with the B–B bond of the [pinBB(n-Bu)pin]– anion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK . ;
| | - Grace McMullon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK . ;
| | - Claire L McMullin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK . ;
| | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK . ;
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16
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Ren W, Zhang S, Xu Z, Ma X. Reactivity of a β-diketiminate-supported magnesium alkyl complex toward small molecules. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3109-3115. [PMID: 30768120 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of the magnesium alkyl {[HC(C(Me)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]Mg(nBu)}2 (1) toward various small molecules provides access to a variety of magnesium derivatives. For example, the insertion of elemental chalcogens (S8 and Se8) into the Mg-C bond of complex 1 gives the dimeric magnesium thiolate {[HC(C(Me)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]Mg(μ-SnBu)}2 (2), magnesium selenolate [HC(C(Me)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]Mg(SenBu)(THF) (3), and magnesium diselenolate [HC(C(Me)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]Mg(Se2nBu)(THF) (4). Meanwhile, compound 4 can be readily obtained by further insertion of one selenium atom into complex 3. Moreover, the reactions of complex 1 with diphenyl dichalcogenides (PhSSPh and PhSeSePh) by σ bond metathesis afford the corresponding magnesium phenyl chalcogenolates [HC(C(Me)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]Mg(EPh)(THF) (E = S 5, Se 6) concomitant with PhEnBu release. Furthermore, the treatment of complex 1 with benzonitrile and phenyl isothiocyanate produces the serendipitous magnesium-1-azaallyl complex [HC(C(Me)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]Mg(N(H)C(Ph)[double bond, length as m-dash]CHC3H7)(DME) (7) and the diimino-thioamidato magnesium compound {κ3-N,N',N''-(ArNCMe)2[N(Ph)CS]CH}Mg[(Ph)NC(nBu)S] (8) (Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3). In addition, deprotonation occurs between compound 1 and 1-methylimidazole to generate the imidazolyl complex {[HC(C(Me)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]Mg(μ-Im)}2 (9) (Im = 2-N-methylimidazolyl). These results indicated that the butylmagnesium complex 1 possesses high activity toward small molecules and revealed several unusual transformations. All the new compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic methods, and their solid-state structures were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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17
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Pahl J, Brand S, Elsen H, Harder S. Highly Lewis acidic cationic alkaline earth metal complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8685-8688. [PMID: 29892727 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04083d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cationic Lewis base-free β-diketiminate (BDI) complexes of Mg and Ca have been isolated as their B(C6F5)4- salts. The cation (BDI)Mg+ shows an extraordinarily strong Lewis acidity that can compete with strong Lewis acids like B(C6F5)3 and (BDI)AlMe+. Its highly electrophilic nature is exemplified by isolation of an 3-hexyne adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Pahl
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Steffen Brand
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Holger Elsen
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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18
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Ruccolo S, Rauch M, Parkin G. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Tris(isopropylbenzimidazol-2-ylthio)methyl Zinc Complexes, [TitmPriBenz]ZnX: Modulation of Transannular Zn–C Interactions. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ruccolo
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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19
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Zwettler N, Walg SP, Belaj F, Mösch‐Zanetti NC. Heterolytic Si-H Bond Cleavage at a Molybdenum-Oxido-Based Lewis Pair. Chemistry 2018; 24:7149-7160. [PMID: 29521459 PMCID: PMC6001527 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of a molybdenum(VI) oxido imido complex with the strong Lewis acid B(C6 F5 )3 gave access to the Lewis adduct [Mo{OB(C6 F5 )3 }(NtBu)L2 ] featuring reversible B-O bonding in solution. The resulting frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)-like reactivity is reflected by the compound's ability to heterolytically cleave Si-H bonds, leading to a clean formation of the novel cationic MoVI species 3 a (R=Et) and 3 b (R=Ph) of the general formula [Mo(OSiR3 )(NtBu)L2 ][HB(C6 F5 )3 ]. These compounds possess properties highly unusual for molybdenum d0 species such as an intensive, charge-transfer-based color as well as a reversible redox couple at very low potentials, both dependent on the silane used. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of 2 and 4 b, a derivative of 3 b featuring the [FB(C6 F5 )3 ]- anion, picture the stepwise elongation of the Mo=O bond, leading to a large increase in the electrophilicity of the metal center. The reaction of 3 a and 3 b with benzaldehyde allowed for the regeneration of compound 2 by hydrosilylation of the benzaldehyde. NMR spectroscopy suggested an unusual mechanism for the transformation, involving a substrate insertion in the B-H bond of the borohydride anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Zwettler
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
| | - Simon P. Walg
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
| | - Ferdinand Belaj
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
| | - Nadia C. Mösch‐Zanetti
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
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20
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Dufrois Q, Mallet‐Ladeira S, Dinoi C, Etienne M. Cyclopropylmagnesium Scorpionates: A Missing Member of the Series with Both Staggered and Eclipsed Rotamers in the Crystal. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Dufrois
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS (LCC) 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse UPS, INPT, LCC 31077 France
| | - Sonia Mallet‐Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) Université Paul Sabatier 118 route de Narbonne 31062 France
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS (LCC) 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse UPS, INPT, LCC 31077 France
| | - Michel Etienne
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS (LCC) 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse UPS, INPT, LCC 31077 France
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21
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Banerjee S, Ankur A, Andrews A, Venugopal A. A disguised hydride in a butylmagnesium cation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5788-5791. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of a butylmagnesium cation provides a new perspective on the concept of β-hydride abstraction in s-block chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Banerjee
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
| | - Ankur Ankur
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
| | - Alex Andrews
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
| | - Ajay Venugopal
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
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22
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Garcia L, Anker MD, Mahon MF, Maron L, Hill MS. Coordination of arenes and phosphines by charge separated alkaline earth cations. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12684-12693. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03124j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Generation of ‘naked’ β-diketiminato magnesium and calcium cations allows the isolation of benzene, toluene, 1,4-difluorobenzene and terminal phosphine adducts.
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23
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Rauch M, Parkin G. Zinc and Magnesium Catalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Carbon Dioxide. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18162-18165. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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24
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Xie H, Liu X, Cui D. Regioselective Ring Opening Reactions of Pyridine N-Oxide Analogues by Magnesium Hydride Complexes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Branch, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
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25
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Chong CC, Rao B, Kinjo R. Metal-Free Catalytic Reduction of α,β-Unsaturated Esters by 1,3,2-Diazaphospholene and Subsequent C–C Coupling with Nitriles. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Che Chang Chong
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Bin Rao
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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26
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Lampland NL, Pindwal A, Yan K, Ellern A, Sadow AD. Rare Earth and Main Group Metal Poly(hydrosilyl) Compounds. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Lampland
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Aradhana Pindwal
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - KaKing Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Aaron D. Sadow
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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27
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Anker MD, Arrowsmith M, Arrowsmith RL, Hill MS, Mahon MF. Alkaline-Earth Derivatives of the Reactive [HB(C6F5)3]− Anion. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5976-5983. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew D. Anker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Rory L. Arrowsmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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28
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Pindwal A, Patnaik S, Everett WC, Ellern A, Windus TL, Sadow AD. Cerium-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Acrylates to Give α-Silyl Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aradhana Pindwal
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis; Iowa State University; 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Smita Patnaik
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis; Iowa State University; 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - William C. Everett
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis; Iowa State University; 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis; Iowa State University; 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Theresa L. Windus
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis; Iowa State University; 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Aaron D. Sadow
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis; Iowa State University; 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA 50011 USA
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29
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Li N, Dong XY, Zhang JL, Yang KF, Zheng ZJ, Zhang WQ, Gao ZW, Xu LW. Graphene-enhanced platinum-catalysed hydrosilylation of amides and chalcones: a sustainable strategy allocated with in situ heterogenization and multitask application of H 2PtCl 6. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10541j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work developed a new sustainable strategy with comprehensive utilization of recovered catalyst, which the organosilicon/graphene-supported platinum catalyst prepared from reduction of amides could be further used in the 1,4-hydrosilylation of chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Xiao-Yun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Jing-Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Ke-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Jiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Zi-Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
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30
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Barman MK, Baishya A, Nembenna S. Magnesium amide catalyzed selective hydroboration of esters. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:4152-4156. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00556c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cheaper, inexpensive alkaline-earth metal amides as efficient pre-catalysts for the selective hydroboration of a large number of esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Kr. Barman
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar 752050
- India
| | - Ashim Baishya
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar 752050
- India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar 752050
- India
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31
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Schnitzler S, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Reactivity of a Molecular Magnesium Hydride Featuring a Terminal Magnesium–Hydrogen Bond. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:12997-13006. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Schnitzler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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32
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Pindwal A, Patnaik S, Everett WC, Ellern A, Windus TL, Sadow AD. Cerium-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Acrylates to Give α-Silyl Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:628-631. [PMID: 27900844 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The homoleptic organocerium complex Ce{C(SiHMe2 )3 }3 (1) reacts with B(C6 F5 )3 to produce the zwitterionic bis(alkyl) hydridoborato Ce{C(SiHMe2 )3 }2 HB(C6 F5 )3 (2). NMR and IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography indicate that each alkyl ligand contains two bridging Ce↼H-Si interactions in both 1 and 2. Compound 2 serves as a precatalyst for the hydrosilylation of acrylates to give α-silyl esters at room temperature with a turnover number of 2200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aradhana Pindwal
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Smita Patnaik
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - William C Everett
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Theresa L Windus
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Aaron D Sadow
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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33
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Collins LR, Rajabi NA, Macgregor SA, Mahon MF, Whittlesey MK. Experimental and Computational Studies of the Copper Borate Complexes [(NHC)Cu(HBEt3)] and [(NHC)Cu(HB(C6F5)3)]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee R. Collins
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Nasir A. Rajabi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences; Heriot Watt University; Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Stuart A. Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences; Heriot Watt University; Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
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34
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Collins LR, Rajabi NA, Macgregor SA, Mahon MF, Whittlesey MK. Experimental and Computational Studies of the Copper Borate Complexes [(NHC)Cu(HBEt3)] and [(NHC)Cu(HB(C6F5)3)]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15539-15543. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee R. Collins
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Nasir A. Rajabi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences; Heriot Watt University; Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Stuart A. Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences; Heriot Watt University; Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
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35
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Jakobsson K, Chu T, Nikonov GI. Hydrosilylation of Olefins Catalyzed by Well-Defined Cationic Aluminum Complexes: Lewis Acid versus Insertion Mechanisms. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Jakobsson
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S
| | - Terry Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S
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36
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Ma M, Shen X, Wang W, Li J, Yao W, Zhu L. Syntheses of Sterically Bulky Schiff‐Base Magnesium Complexes and Their Application in the Hydrosilylation of Ketones. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengtao Ma
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University210037NanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xingchao Shen
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University210037NanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weifan Wang
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University210037NanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University210037NanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Yao
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine210023NanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University210037NanjingPeople's Republic of China
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37
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Fohlmeister L, Stasch A. Ring-Shaped Phosphinoamido-Magnesium-Hydride Complexes: Syntheses, Structures, Reactivity, and Catalysis. Chemistry 2016; 22:10235-46. [PMID: 27271460 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A series of magnesium(II) complexes bearing the sterically demanding phosphinoamide ligand, L(-) =Ph2 PNDip(-) , Dip=2,6-diisopropylphenyl, including heteroleptic magnesium alkyl and hydride complexes are described. The ligand geometry enforces various novel ring and cluster geometries for the heteroleptic compounds. We have studied the stoichiometric reactivity of [(LMgH)4 ] towards unsaturated substrates, and investigated catalytic hydroborations and hydrosilylations of ketones and pyridines. We found that hydroborations of two ketones with pinacolborane using various Mg precatalysts is very rapid at room temperature with very low catalyst loadings, and ketone hydrosilylation using phenylsilane is rapid at 70 °C. Our studies point to an insertion/σ-bond metathesis catalytic cycle of an in situ formed "MgH2 " active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Fohlmeister
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 17 Rainforest Walk, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Andreas Stasch
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 17 Rainforest Walk, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia. .,School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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38
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Hill MS, Liptrot DJ, Weetman C. Alkaline earths as main group reagents in molecular catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:972-88. [PMID: 26797470 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00880h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed some remarkable advances in our appreciation of the structural and reaction chemistry of the heavier alkaline earth (Ae = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) elements. Derived from complexes of these metals in their immutable +2 oxidation state, a broad and widely applicable catalytic chemistry has also emerged, driven by considerations of cost and inherent low toxicity. The considerable adjustments incurred to ionic radius and resultant cation charge density also provide reactivity with significant mechanistic and kinetic variability as group 2 is descended. In an attempt to place these advances in the broader context of contemporary main group element chemistry, this review focusses on the developing state of the art in both multiple bond heterofunctionalisation and cross coupling catalysis. We review specific advances in alkene and alkyne hydroamination and hydrophosphination catalysis and related extensions of this reactivity that allow the synthesis of a wide variety of acyclic and heterocyclic small molecules. The use of heavier alkaline earth hydride derivatives as pre-catalysts and intermediates in multiple bond hydrogenation, hydrosilylation and hydroboration is also described along with the emergence of these and related reagents in a variety of dehydrocoupling processes that allow that facile catalytic construction of Si-C, Si-N and B-N bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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