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Zhang L, Liu Y, Huang H, Xie H, Zhang B, Xia W, Guo B. Multifunctional nanotheranostics for near infrared optical imaging-guided treatment of brain tumors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114536. [PMID: 36108792 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors, a heterogeneous group of primary and metastatic neoplasms in the central nervous system (CNS), are notorious for their highly invasive and devastating characteristics, dismal prognosis and low survival rate. Recently, near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging modalities including fluorescence imaging (FLI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) have displayed bright prospect in innovation of brain tumor diagnoses, due to their merits, like noninvasiveness, high spatiotemporal resolution, good sensitivity and large penetration depth. Importantly, these imaging techniques have been widely used to vividly guide diverse brain tumor therapies in a real-time manner with high accuracy and efficiency. Herein, we provide a systematic summary of the state-of-the-art NIR contrast agents (CAs) for brain tumors single-modal imaging (e.g., FLI and PAI), dual-modal imaging (e.g., FLI/PAI, FLI/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and PAI/MRI) and triple-modal imaging (e.g., MRI/FLI/PAI and MRI/PAI/computed tomography (CT) imaging). In addition, we update the most recent progress on the NIR optical imaging-guided therapies, like single-modal (e.g., photothermal therapy (PTT), chemotherapy, surgery, photodynamic therapy (PDT), gene therapy and gas therapy), dual-modal (e.g., PTT/chemotherapy, PTT/surgery, PTT/PDT, PDT/chemotherapy, PTT/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and PTT/gene therapy) and triple-modal (e.g., PTT/PDT/chemotherapy, PTT/PDT/surgery, PTT/PDT/gene therapy and PTT/gene/chemotherapy). Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of the CAs and nanotheranostics for future clinic translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Baozhu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Guo
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Zhang L, Fan Y, Yang Z, Yang M, Wong CY. NIR-II-driven and glutathione depletion-enhanced hypoxia-irrelevant free radical nanogenerator for combined cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:265. [PMID: 34488803 PMCID: PMC8420023 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though the combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) appears to be very attractive in cancer treatment, hypoxia and overproduced glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) limit their efficacy for further application. RESULTS In this work, a smart hypoxia-irrelevant free radical nanogenerator (AIPH/PDA@CuS/ZIF-8, denoted as APCZ) was synthesized in situ via coating copper sulphide (CuS)-embedded zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) on the free radical initiator 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]-dihydrochloride (AIPH)-loaded polydopamine (PDA). APCZ showed promising GSH-depleting ability and near-infrared (NIR)-II photothermal performance for combined cancer therapy. Once internalized by 4T1 cells, the outer ZIF-8 was rapidly degraded to trigger the release of CuS nanoparticles (NPs), which could react with local GSH and sequentially hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to form hydroxyl radical (·OH) for CDT. More importantly, the hyperthermia generated by APCZ upon 1064 nm laser excitation not only permitted NIR-II photothermal therapy (PTT) and promoted CDT, but also triggered the decomposition of AIPH to give toxic alkyl radical (·R) for oxygen-independent PDT. Besides, the PDA together with CuS greatly decreased the GSH level and resulted in significantly enhanced PDT/CDT in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The tumors could be completely eradicated after 14 days of treatment due to the prominent therapeutic effects of PTT/PDT/CDT. Additionally, the feasibility of APCZ as a photoacoustic (PA) imaging contrast agent was also demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The novel APCZ could realize the cooperative amplification effect of free radicals-based therapies by NIR-II light excitation and GSH consumption, and act as a contrast agent to improve PA imaging, holding tremendous potential for efficient diagnosis and treatment of deep-seated and hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yadi Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR. .,State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.
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3
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Dahanayake V, Lyons T, Kerwin B, Rodriguez O, Albanese C, Parasido E, Lee Y, Keuren EV, Li L, Maxey E, Paunesku T, Woloschak G, Stoll SL. Paramagnetic Mn 8Fe 4- co-Polystyrene Nanobeads as a Potential T 1-T 2 Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent with In Vivo Studies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39042-39054. [PMID: 34375073 PMCID: PMC10506655 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In developing a cluster-nanocarrier design, as a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent, we have investigated the enhanced relaxivity of a manganese and iron-oxo cluster grafted within a porous polystyrene nanobead with increased relaxivity due to a higher surface area. The synthesis of the cluster-nanocarrier for the cluster Mn8Fe4O12(O2CC6H4CH═CH2)16(H2O)4, cross-linked with polystyrene (the nanocarrier), under miniemulsion conditions is described. By including a branched hydrophobe, iso-octane, the resulting nanobeads are porous and ∼70 nm in diameter. The increased surface area of the nanobeads compared to nonporous nanobeads leads to an enhancement in relaxivity; r1 increases from 3.8 to 5.2 ± 0.1 mM-1 s-1, and r2 increases from 11.9 to 50.1 ± 4.8 mM-1 s-1, at 9.4 teslas, strengthening the potential for T1 and T2 imaging. Several metrics were used to assess stability, and the porosity produced no reduction in metal stability. Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy was used to demonstrate that the nanobeads remain intact in vivo. In depth, physicochemical characteristics were determined, including extensive pharmacokinetics, in vivo imaging, and systemic biodistribution analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidumin Dahanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Trevor Lyons
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Brendan Kerwin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Christopher Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
- Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Erika Parasido
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Yichien Lee
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Edward Van Keuren
- Department of Physics and Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Luxi Li
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Evan Maxey
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Gayle Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Sarah L Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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Khatik R, Wang Z, Zhi D, Kiran S, Dwivedi P, Liang G, Qiu B, Yang Q. Integrin α vβ 3 Receptor Overexpressing on Tumor-Targeted Positive MRI-Guided Chemotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:163-176. [PMID: 31805767 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional nanomaterials with targeted imaging and chemotherapy have high demand with great challenge. Herein, we rationally aimed to design multifunctional drug delivery systems by RGD-modified chitosan (CH)-coated nanoneedles (NDs) of gadolinium arsenate (RGD-CH-Gd-AsNDs). These NDs have multifunctionality for imaging and targeted therapy. NDs on intravenous administration demonstrated significant accumulation of As ions/species in tumor tissues, which was monitored by the change in T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Moreover, NDs were well opsonized in cells with high specificity, subsequently inducing apoptosis to the HepG2 cells. Consequent to this, the in vivo results demonstrated biosafety, enhanced tumor targeting, and tumor regression in a subcutaneously transplanted xenograft model in nude mice. These RGD-CH-Gd-AsNDs have great potential, and we anticipate that they could serve as a novel platform for real-time T1-weighted MR diagnosis and chemotherapy.
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Vashistha N, Chandra A, Singh M. HSA functionalized Gd 2O 3:Eu 3+ nanoparticles as an MRI contrast agent and a potential luminescent probe for Fe 3+, Cr 3+, and Cu 2+ detection in water. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02960b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PVP capped Gd2O3:Eu3+ (PVP@Gd2O3:Eu3+) and HSA functionalised PVP@Gd2O3:Eu3+ (HSA@PVP@Gd2O3:Eu3+) NPs as fluorescent detection probe for metal ion detection and MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Vashistha
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar 382030
- India
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar 382030
- India
| | - Man Singh
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar 382030
- India
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Hosseini SH, Alipour S, Zohreh N. Delivery of Doxorubicin Using Double-Layered Core-Shell Nanocarrier Based on Magnetic Fe 3O 4 Core and Salep Shells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13735-13744. [PMID: 30280900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we developed a magnetic drug delivery system based on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles with double shells of modified salep polysaccharide for the delivery of doxorubicin (Dox). The drug-loaded nanocarrier was synthesized in an easy way, and large amounts of drug molecules were loaded into the nanocarrier. The drug-loaded nanocarrier showed excellent pH responsibility in vitro, and large amounts of Dox were released at lower pH (60% release), whereas the nanocarrier was stable at neutral pH. The hemolysis assay results showed that the nanocarrier has negligible hemolytic effects on human red blood cells and showed good biocompatibility. Moreover, the result of coagulation assays showed that the nanocarrier was not active in any coagulation pathways. Cytotoxicity assays of nanocarrier and drug-loaded nanocarrier toward HeLa cells demonstrated that the nanocarrier has negligible toxicity, whereas the drug-loaded nanocarrier kills more than 90% of cells during 48 h. The flow cytometry analysis also showed that the uptake of drug-loaded nanocarrier into the cancerous cells is time-dependent and higher concentrations of drug internalized into the cells at longer incubation time. On the basis of the results, we suggest that the present nanocarrier can be applicable for in vivo drug delivery as an easy-made and cheap nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hassan Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran , Behshahr 4851878195 , Iran
| | - Sakineh Alipour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Qom , Qom 4661137161 , Iran
| | - Nasrin Zohreh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Qom , Qom 4661137161 , Iran
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Liu P, Zheng H, Yang Z, Ba L, Zhu W, Lin L, Xiong Y, Xu Z, Ren J. Facile preparation of versatile gadolinium-chelated protein nanocomposite for T1 magnetic resonance imaging-guided photodynamic and photothermal synergetic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1688-1698. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00148k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Imaging-guided photodynamic/photothermal (PDT/PTT) synergetic therapy is important in more precise and efficient cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Hongyi Zheng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University
| | - Zhe Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Li Ba
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Leping Lin
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Yuxuan Xiong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
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8
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Zhu W, Liang S, Wang J, Yang Z, Zhang L, Yuan T, Xu Z, Xu H, Li P. Europium-phenolic network coated BaGdF 5 nanocomposites for tri-modal computed tomography/magnetic resonance/luminescence imaging. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:74. [PMID: 28361281 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional nanocomposites based on BaGdF5 nanoparticles (NPs) and metal phenolic network (MPN) have been engineered as novel contrast agents for potential applications in X-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance and luminescence imaging. The BaGdF5@MPN nanocomposites were synthesized at room temperature by coating BaGdF5 NPs with europium-phenolic network, which was obtained by the coordination of europium (III) with tannic acid (TA). The in vitro cytotoxicity assays against HepG2 cells revealed that the BaGdF5@MPN nanocomposites presented better cytocompatibility and lower cytotoxity than pure BaGdF5 NPs. In addition, vivid red and green luminescence can be observed by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) from the BaGdF5@MPN nanocomposites laden HepG2 cells under the excitation of UV (390 nm) and visible light (440 nm), respectively. The longitudinal relaxivity value (r1) of the nanocomposites was 2.457 mM-1s-1. Moreover, the nanocomoposites exhibited X-ray computed tomography (CT) and T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging capacities, and the intensities of the enhanced signals of in vitro CT and MR images were proportional to the concentrations of the nanocomposites. These results indicated that the as-prepared BaGdF5@MPN nanocomposites are promising contrast agents for CT/MR/luminescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Tianmeng Yuan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China.
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
| | - Penghui Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Cao Y, Xu L, Kuang Y, Xiong D, Pei R. Gadolinium-based nanoscale MRI contrast agents for tumor imaging. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3431-3461. [PMID: 32264282 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00382j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) have gained significant momentum as a promising nanoplatform for detecting tumor tissue in medical diagnosis, due to their favorable capability of enhancing the longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of individual gadolinium ions, delivering to the region of interest a large number of gadolinium ions, and incorporating different functionalities. This mini-review highlights the latest developments and applications, and simultaneously gives some perspectives for their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique with widespread use in diagnosis. Frequently, contrast in MRI is enhanced with the aid of a contrast agent, among which smart, responsive, OFF/ON or activatable probes are of particular interest. These kinds of probes elicit a response to selective stimuli, evidencing the presence of enzymes or acidic pH, for instance. In this review, we will focus on smart probes that are detectable by both 1H and 19F MRI, frequently based on nanomaterials. We will discuss the triggering factors and the strategies employed thus far to activate each probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Carril
- CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
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Zhang L, Liu R, Peng H, Li P, Xu Z, Whittaker AK. The evolution of gadolinium based contrast agents: from single-modality to multi-modality. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:10491-10510. [PMID: 27159645 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00267f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based contrast agents are extensively used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents due to their outstanding signal enhancement and ease of chemical modification. However, it is increasingly recognized that information obtained from single modal molecular imaging cannot satisfy the higher requirements on the efficiency and accuracy for clinical diagnosis and medical research, due to its limitation and default rooted in single molecular imaging technique itself. To compensate for the deficiencies of single function magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, the combination of multi-modality imaging has turned to be the research hotpot in recent years. This review presents an overview on the recent developments of the functionalization of gadolinium-based contrast agents, and their application in biomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Hui Peng
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
| | - Penghui Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
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