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Mohanaraman SP, Chidambaram R. A holistic review on red fluorescent graphene quantum dots, its synthesis, unique properties with emphasis on biomedical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35760. [PMID: 39220916 PMCID: PMC11365325 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are an evolving class of carbon-based nanomaterial, seizing tremendous attention owing to their intense optical property, engineered shapes and structures, and good photostability. Being a zero-dimensional form of carbon structure, GQDs have superior photoluminescent behavior, tunable emission and absorption, excellent biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, hydrophilic nature, modifying surface states. Their water dispersibility and functionalized surface structure, involving heteroatoms and various functional groups onto the surface of GQDs, make them particularly suitable for biological applications. Based on their absolute luminescence properties, GQDs emit blue, green, yellow, and red light under ultraviolet irradiation. Amongst the three colors, red luminescence can achieve deeper penetration of light into tissues, good cellular distribution, bio-sensing property, cell imaging, drug delivery, and serves as a better candidate for photodynamic therapy. The overall objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the synthesis methods for red fluorescence graphene quantum dots (RF-GQDs), critical comparative analyses of spectral techniques used for their characterization, the tunable photoluminescence mechanisms underpinning red emission, and the significance of chemically functionalizing GQDs' surface edges in achieving red fluorescence are discussed in depth. This review also discusses the effective biological applications and critical challenges associated with RF-GQDs are examined, providing insights into their future potential in clinical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmuga Priya Mohanaraman
- Instrumental and Food Analysis Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramalingam Chidambaram
- Instrumental and Food Analysis Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alangari A, Mateen A, Alqahtani MS, Shahid M, Syed R, Shaik MR, Khan M, Adil SF, Kuniyil M. Antimicrobial, anticancer, and biofilm inhibition studies of highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG): In vitro and in silico analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1149588. [PMID: 37025362 PMCID: PMC10071309 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1149588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bacterial infections and cancers may cause various acute or chronic diseases, which have become serious global health issues. This requires suitable alternatives involving novel and efficient materials to replace ineffective existing therapies. In this regard, graphene composites are being continuously explored for a variety of purposes, including biomedical applications, due to their remarkable properties.Methods: Herein, we explore, in-vitro, the different biological properties of highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG), including anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-biofilm properties. Furthermore, to analyze the interactions of graphene with proteins of microbes, in silico docking analysis was also carried out. To do this, HRG was prepared using graphene oxide as a precursor, which was further chemically reduced to obtain the final product. The as-prepared HRG was characterized using different types of microscopic and spectroscopic techniques.Results: The HRG revealed significant cytotoxic ability, using a dose-dependent anti-cell proliferation approach, which substantially killed human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) with IC50 of 29.51 ± 2.68 μg/mL. The HRG demonstrated efficient biological properties, i.e., even at low concentrations, HRG exhibited efficient anti-microbial properties against a variety of microorganisms. Among the different strains, Gram-positive bacteria, such as B. subtilis, MRSA, and S. aureus are more sensitive to HRG compared to Gram-negative bacteria. The bactericidal properties of HRG are almost similar to a commercially available effective antibiotic (ampicillin). To evaluate the efficacy of HRG against bacterial biofilms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA were applied, and the results were compared with gentamycin and ampicillin, which are commonly applied standard antibiotics. Notably, HRG demonstrated high inhibition (94.23%) against P.aeruginosa, with lower MIC (50 μg/mL) and IC50 (26.53 μg/mL) values, whereas ampicillin and gentamicin showed similar inhibition (90.45% and 91.31% respectively) but much higher MIC and IC50 values.Conclusion: Therefore, these results reveal the excellent biopotential of HRG in different biomedical applications, including cancer therapy; antimicrobial activity, especially anti-biofilm activity; and other biomedicine-based therapies. Based on the molecular docking results of Binding energy, it is predicted that pelB protein and HRG would form the best stable docking complex, and high hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions between the pelB protein and HRG have been revealed. Therefore, we conclude that HRG could be used as an antibiofilm agent against P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alangari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayesha Mateen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabbani Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Rabbani Syed,
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mujeeb Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Farooq Adil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mufsir Kuniyil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Wang Y, Di S, Yu J, Wang L, Li Z. Recent advances of graphene-biomacromolecule nanocomposites in medical applications. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:500-518. [PMID: 36541392 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01962k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, graphene-based composites have received increasing attention due to their high biocompatibility, large specific surface area, high electrical conductivity and unique mechanical properties. The combination of biomacromolecules and graphene provides a promising route for the preparation of novel graphene-based nanocomposites. Novel graphene-based nanocomposites with unique functions could be applied to medicine, biology, biosensors, environmental science, energy storage and other fields. Graphene-biomacromolecule nanocomposites have excellent biocompatibility, outstanding biofunctionality and low cytotoxicity, and have more advantages and development prospects than other traditional graphene-based materials in biological and biomedical fields. In this work, we summarize the research on the covalent and non-covalent interactions between different biomacromolecules (peptides, DNA/RNA, proteins and enzymes) and graphene, as well as the synthesis methods of novel functionalized graphene-biomacromolecule composites in recent years. We mainly introduce the recent advances (last 5 years) of graphene-biomacromolecule nanocomposites in medical applications, such as medical detection and disease treatment. We hope that this review will help readers to understand the methods and mechanisms of biomolecules modifying the surface of graphene, as well as the synthesis and application of graphene-based nanocomposites, which will promote the future developments of graphene-biomolecule composites in biomedicine, tissue engineering, materials engineering, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China.
| | - Shuhan Di
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China.
| | - Jinhui Yu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
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Surface functionalization of graphene nanosheet with poly (L-histidine) and its application in drug delivery: covalent vs non-covalent approaches. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19046. [PMID: 36351935 PMCID: PMC9646737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, nanomaterials are increasingly being used as drug carriers in the treatment of different types of cancers. As a result, these applications make them attractive to researchers dealing with diagnosis and biomarkers discovery of the disease. In this study, the adsorption behavior of gemcitabine (GMC) on graphene nanosheet (GNS), in the presence and absence of Poly (L-histidine) (PLH) polymer is discussed using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The MD results revealed an increase in the efficiency and targeting of the drug when the polymer is covalently attached to the graphene substrate. In addition, the metadynamics simulation to investigate the effects of PLH on the adsorption capacity of the GNS, and explore the adsorption/desorption process of GMC on pristine and PLH- grafted GNS is performed. The metadynamics calculations showed that the amount of free energy of the drug in acidic conditions is higher (- 281.26 kJ/mol) than the free energy in neutral conditions (- 346.24 kJ/mol). Consequently, the PLH polymer may not only help drug adsorption but can also help in drug desorption in lower pH environments. Based on these findings, it can be said that covalent polymer bonding not only can help in the formation of a targeted drug delivery system but also can increase the adsorption capacity of the substrate.
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Razlansari M, Ulucan-Karnak F, Kahrizi M, Mirinejad S, Sargazi S, Mishra S, Rahdar A, Díez-Pascual AM. Nanobiosensors for detection of opioids: A review of latest advancements. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 179:79-94. [PMID: 36067954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are generally used as analgesics in pain treatment. Like many drugs, they have side effects when overdosing and causeaddiction problems.Illegal drug use and misuse are becoming a major concern for authorities worldwide; thus, it is critical to have precise procedures for detecting them in confiscated samples, biological fluids, and wastewaters. Routine blood and urine tests are insufficient for highly selective determinations and can cause cross-reactivities. For this purpose, nanomaterial-based biosensors are great tools to determine opioid intakes, continuously monitoring the drugs with high sensitivity and selectivity even at very low sample volumes.Nanobiosensors generally comprise a signal transducer nanostructure in which a biological recognition molecule is immobilized onto its surface. Lately, nanobiosensors have been extensively utilized for the molecular detection of opioids. The usage of novel nanomaterials in biosensing has impressed biosensing studies. Nanomaterials with a large surface area have been used to develop nanobiosensors with shorter reaction times and higher sensitivity than conventional biosensors. Colorimetric and fluorescence sensing methods are two kinds of optical sensor systems based on nanomaterials. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), such as silver and gold, are the most frequently applied nanomaterials in colorimetric techniques, owing to their unique optical feature of surface plasmon resonance. Despite the progress of an extensive spectrum of nanobiosensors over the last two decades, the future purpose of low-cost, high-throughput, multiplexed clinical diagnostic lab-on-a-chip instruments has yet to be fulfilled. In this review, a concise overview of opioids (such as tramadol and buprenorphine, oxycodone and fentanyl, methadone and morphine) is provided as well as information on their classification, mechanism of action, routine tests, and new opioid sensing technologies based on various NPs. In order to highlight the trend of nanostructure development in biosensor applications for opioids, recent literature examples with the nanomaterial type, target molecules, and limits of detection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Razlansari
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Fulden Ulucan-Karnak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir 35100, Turkey.
| | | | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran.
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran.
| | - Sachin Mishra
- NDAC Centre, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, South Korea; RFIC Lab, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, South Korea.
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol, P.O. Box. 98613-35856, Iran.
| | - Ana M Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Imaging Intracellular Drug/siRNA Co-Delivery by Self-Assembly Cross-Linked Polyethylenimine with Fluorescent Core-Shell Silica Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091813. [PMID: 35566982 PMCID: PMC9102585 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional theranostic nanomaterial represents one type of emerging agent with the potential to offer both sensitive diagnosis and effective therapy. Herein, we report a novel drug/siRNA co-delivery nanocarrier, which is based on fluorescent mesoporous core-shell silica nanoparticles coated by cross-linked polyethylenimine. The fluorescent mesoporous core-shell silica nanoparticles can provide numerous pores for drug loading and negative charged surface to assemble cross-linked polyethylenimine via electrostatic interaction. Disulfide cross-linked polyethylenimine can be absorbed on the surface of silica nanoparticles which provide the feasibility to bind with negatively charged siRNA and release drug "on-demand". In addition, the hybrid nanoparticles can be easily internalized into cells to realize drug/siRNA co-delivery and therapeutic effect imaging. This work would stimulate interest in the use of self-assembled cross-linked polyethylenimine with fluorescent mesoporous core-shell silica nanoparticles to construct multifunctional nanocomposites for tumor therapy.
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Li Y, Li J, Cao Y, Jiang P, Tang Y, Chen Z, Han K. A visual method for determination of hepatitis C virus RNAs based on a 3D nanocomposite prepared from graphene quantum dots. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1203:339693. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Yin XH, Xu YM, Lau ATY. Nanoparticles: Excellent Materials Yet Dangerous When They Become Airborne. TOXICS 2022; 10:50. [PMID: 35202237 PMCID: PMC8874650 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the rise and rapid development of nanoscale science and technology in the late 1980s, nanomaterials have been widely used in many areas including medicine, electronic products, crafts, textiles, and cosmetics, which have provided a lot of convenience to people's life. However, while nanomaterials have been fully utilized, their negative effects, also known as nano pollution, have become increasingly apparent. The adverse effects of nanomaterials on the environment and organisms are mainly based on the unique size and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs). NPs, as the basic unit of nanomaterials, generally refer to the ultrafine particles whose spatial scale are defined in the range of 1-100 nm. In this review, we mainly introduce the basic status of the types and applications of NPs, airborne NP pollution, and the relationship between airborne NP pollution and human diseases. There are many sources of airborne NP pollutants, including engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) and non-engineered nanoparticles (NENPs). The NENPs can be further divided into those generated from natural activities and those produced by human activities. A growing number of studies have found that exposure to airborne NP pollutants can cause a variety of illnesses, such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. To deal with the ever increasing numbers and types of NPs being unleashed to the air, we believe that extensive research is needed to provide a comprehensive understanding of NP pollution hazards and their impact mechanisms. Only in this way can we find the best solution and truly protect the safety and quality of life of human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Yin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Andy T. Y. Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Bhardwaj SK, Mujawar M, Mishra YK, Hickman N, Chavali M, Kaushik A. Bio-inspired graphene-based nano-systems for biomedical applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32. [PMID: 34371491 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1bdb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demands of environmentally sustainable, affordable, and scalable materials have inspired researchers to explore greener nanosystems of unique properties which can enhance the performance of existing systems. Such nanosystems, extracted from nature, are state-of-art high-performance nanostructures due to intrinsic hierarchical micro/nanoscale architecture and generous interfacial interactions in natural resources. Among several, bio-inspired nanosystems graphene nanosystems have emerged as an essential nano-platform wherein a highly electroactive, scalable, functional, flexible, and adaptable to a living being is a key factor. Preliminary investigation project bio-inspired graphene nanosystems as a multi-functional nano-platform suitable for electronic devices, energy storage, sensors, and medical sciences application. However, a broad understanding of bio-inspired graphene nanosystems and their projection towards applied application is not well-explored yet. Considering this as a motivation, this mini-review highlights the following; the emergence of bio-inspired graphene nanosystems, over time development to make them more efficient, state-of-art technology, and potential applications, mainly biomedical including biosensors, drug delivery, imaging, and biomedical systems. The outcomes of this review will certainly serve as a guideline to motivate scholars to design and develop novel bio-inspired graphene nanosystems to develop greener, affordable, and scalable next-generation biomedical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mubarak Mujawar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, United States of America
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, DK-6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Nicoleta Hickman
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, 33805, United States of America
| | - Murthy Chavali
- Office of the Dean (Research) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Alliance University, Bengaluru 562 106, Karnataka, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, 33805, United States of America
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Sattari S, Adeli M, Beyranvand S, Nemati M. Functionalized Graphene Platforms for Anticancer Drug Delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5955-5980. [PMID: 34511900 PMCID: PMC8416335 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s249712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional nanomaterials are emerging as promising candidates for a wide range of biomedical applications including tissue engineering, biosensing, pathogen incapacitation, wound healing, and gene and drug delivery. Graphene, due to its high surface area, photothermal property, high loading capacity, and efficient cellular uptake, is at the forefront of these materials and plays a key role in this multidisciplinary research field. Poor water dispersibility and low functionality of graphene, however, hamper its hybridization into new nanostructures for future nanomedicine. Functionalization of graphene, either by covalent or non-covalent methods, is the most useful strategy to improve its dispersion in water and functionality as well as processability into new materials and devices. In this review, recent advances in functionalization of graphene derivatives by different (macro)molecules for future biomedical applications are reported and explained. In particular, hydrophilic functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) to improve their water dispersibility and physicochemical properties is discussed. We have focused on the anticancer drug delivery of polyfunctional graphene sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Sattari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Siamak Beyranvand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nemati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
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Ning Y, Wang X, Hu J, Li L, Xiao R, Lu F. Graphene-based fluorometric determination of agrD gene transcription in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using exonuclease III-aided target recycling and DNA walker cascade amplification. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:269. [PMID: 34297210 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A graphene-based bioassay is described for the fluorometric determination of agrD gene transcription (mRNA) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This method includes exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted target recycling and DNA walker cascade amplification. Hairpin1 (HP1) consists of a capture probe (CP) and DNA walker sequence. In the absence of the target, 5'-amino modified hairpin2 (HP2) labeled with carboxyfluorescein (FAM) at its 3' terminus is covalently linked to graphene via 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) catalysis, resulting in the quenching of the FAM signal. The stem-loop structure of HP1 opens when the target is added to form partially complementary DNA/RNA hybrids. Exo III then initiates the target recycling process by cleaving the CP and DNA walker cascade reaction by automatic walking. This iterative reaction causes the FAM to dissociate from the graphene, and the fluorescence can be measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 480/514 nm. Therefore, the target can be assayed by fluorescence. This method has a linear relationship with the concentration of target within the range 1 fM to 100 pM with a detection limit of 1 fM. The developed bioassay was used to monitor biofilm formation and investigate the mechanism of drug action with satisfactory results. Schematic representation of the graphene-based fluorescent bioassay for agrD gene transcription in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by using exonuclease III-aided target recycling and DNA walker cascade amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ning
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Hu
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Experimental Center of molecular biology, The Chinese Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangguo Lu
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China.
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Algar WR, Massey M, Rees K, Higgins R, Krause KD, Darwish GH, Peveler WJ, Xiao Z, Tsai HY, Gupta R, Lix K, Tran MV, Kim H. Photoluminescent Nanoparticles for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Imaging. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9243-9358. [PMID: 34282906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research related to the development and application of luminescent nanoparticles (LNPs) for chemical and biological analysis and imaging is flourishing. Novel materials and new applications continue to be reported after two decades of research. This review provides a comprehensive and heuristic overview of this field. It is targeted to both newcomers and experts who are interested in a critical assessment of LNP materials, their properties, strengths and weaknesses, and prospective applications. Numerous LNP materials are cataloged by fundamental descriptions of their chemical identities and physical morphology, quantitative photoluminescence (PL) properties, PL mechanisms, and surface chemistry. These materials include various semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, carbon dots, nanodiamonds, luminescent metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles and downshifting nanoparticles, triplet-triplet annihilation nanoparticles, persistent-luminescence nanoparticles, conjugated polymer nanoparticles and semiconducting polymer dots, multi-nanoparticle assemblies, and doped and labeled nanoparticles, including but not limited to those based on polymers and silica. As an exercise in the critical assessment of LNP properties, these materials are ranked by several application-related functional criteria. Additional sections highlight recent examples of advances in chemical and biological analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and cellular, tissue, and in vivo imaging and theranostics. These examples are drawn from the recent literature and organized by both LNP material and the particular properties that are leveraged to an advantage. Finally, a perspective on what comes next for the field is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rehan Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J Peveler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Zhujun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Karki N, Tiwari H, Tewari C, Rana A, Pandey N, Basak S, Sahoo NG. Functionalized graphene oxide as a vehicle for targeted drug delivery and bioimaging applications. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:8116-8148. [PMID: 32966535 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted tremendous attention as a most promising nanomaterial among the carbon family since it emerged as a polynomial functional tool with rational applications in diverse fields such as biomedical engineering, electrocatalysis, biosensing, energy conversion, and storage devices. Despite having certain limitations due to its irreversible aggregation performance owing largely to the strong van der Waals interactions, efforts have been made to smartly engineer its surface chemistry for realistic multimodal applications. The use of such GO-based engineered devices has increased rapidly in the last few years, principally due to its excellent properties, such as huge surface area, honeycomb-like structure allowing vacant interstitial space to accommodate compounds, sp2 hybridized carbon, improved biocompatibility and cell surface penetration due to electronic interactions. Amongst multifaceted GO dynamics, in this review, attempts are made to discuss the advanced applications of GO or graphene-based materials (GBNs) in the biomedical field involving drug or therapeutic gene delivery, dual drug or drug-gene combination targeting, special delivery of drug cocktails to the brain, stimuli-responsive release of molecular payloads, and Janus-structured smart applications for polar-nonpolar combination drug loading followed by targeting together with smart bioimaging approaches. In addition, the advantages of duel-drug delivery systems are discussed in detail. We also discuss various electronic mechanisms, and detailed surface engineering to meet microcosmic criteria for its utilization, various novel implementations of engineered GO as mentioned above, together with discussions of its inevitable toxicity or disadvantages. We hope that the target audience, belonging to biomedical engineering, pharmaceutical or material science fields, may acquire relevant information from this review which may help them design future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Karki
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Himani Tiwari
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Chetna Tewari
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Anita Rana
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Neema Pandey
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
| | - Souvik Basak
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal 713206, India
| | - Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, 263002, India.
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14
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Grijalvo S, Díaz DD. Graphene-based hybrid materials as promising scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105005. [PMID: 33667593 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a serious clinical health problem caused by the damage of peripheral nerves which results in neurological deficits and permanent disability. There are several factors that may cause PNI such as localized damage (car accident, trauma, electrical injury) and outbreak of the systemic diseases (autoimmune or diabetes). While various diagnostic procedures including X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as other type of examinations such as electromyography or nerve conduction studies have been efficiently developed, a full recovery in patients with PNI is in many cases deficient or incomplete. This is the reason why additional therapeutic strategies should be explored to favor a complete rehabilitation in order to get appropriate nerve injury regeneration. The use of biomaterials acting as scaffolds opens an interesting approach in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications due to their ability to guide the growth of new tissues, adhesion and proliferation of cells including the expression of bioactive signals. This review discusses the preparation and therapeutic strategies describing in vitro and in vivo experiments using graphene-based materials in the context of PNI and their ability to promote nerve tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Grijalvo
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - David Díaz Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Institute of Bio-Organic Antonio González, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätstr. 31, Regensburg, 93053, Germany.
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15
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Jeong WY, Kang MS, Lee H, Lee JH, Kim J, Han DW, Kim KS. Recent Trends in Photoacoustic Imaging Techniques for 2D Nanomaterial-Based Phototherapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:80. [PMID: 33467616 PMCID: PMC7830416 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of 2D materials have been developed for therapeutic biomedical studies. Because of their excellent physicochemical properties, 2D materials can be used as carriers for delivering therapeutic agents into a lesion, leading to phototherapy. Various optical imaging techniques have been used for the monitoring of the treatment process. Among these, photoacoustic imaging has unique advantages including relatively deep imaging depth and large field of view with high spatial resolution. In this review article, we summarize the types of photoacoustic imaging systems used for phototherapy monitoring, then we explore contrast-enhanced photoacoustic images using 2D materials. Finally, photoacoustic image-guided phototherapies are discussed. We conclude that 2D material-based phototherapy can be efficiently monitored by photoacoustic imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Yeup Jeong
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Haeni Lee
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Jong Hun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea;
| | - Jeesu Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
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16
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Al Rugaie O, Jabir M, Kadhim R, Karsh E, Sulaiman GM, Mohammed SAA, Khan RA, Mohammed HA. Gold Nanoparticles and Graphene Oxide Flakes Synergistic Partaking in Cytosolic Bactericidal Augmentation: Role of ROS and NOX2 Activity. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010101. [PMID: 33466290 PMCID: PMC7824746 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and graphene oxide flakes (GOFs) exerted significantly (p < 0.0001) supportive roles on the phagocytosis bioactivity of the immune cells of phagocytic nature against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Under experimental conditions, upon bacterial exposure, the combined GNPs and GOFs induced significant clearance of bacteria through phagosome maturation (p < 0.0001) from time-points of 6 to 30 min and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS, p < 0.0001) through the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2, p < 0.0001)-based feedback mechanism. The effects of the combined presence of GNPs and GOFs on phagocytosis (p < 0.0001) suggested a synergistic action underway, also achieved through elevated signal transduction activity in the bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM, p < 0.0001). The current study demonstrated that GNPs’ and GOFs’ bactericidal assisting potentials could be considered an effective and alternative strategy for treating infections from both positive and negative bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, P.O. Box 991, Al-Qassim 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Majid Jabir
- Department of Applied Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, University of Technology, Baghdad 35010, Iraq; (R.K.); (E.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (G.M.S.); (S.A.A.M.); Tel.: +964-(0)-7902-781-890 (G.M.S.); +966-(0)-530-309-899 (S.A.A.M.)
| | - Rua Kadhim
- Department of Applied Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, University of Technology, Baghdad 35010, Iraq; (R.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Esraa Karsh
- Department of Applied Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, University of Technology, Baghdad 35010, Iraq; (R.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Department of Applied Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, University of Technology, Baghdad 35010, Iraq; (R.K.); (E.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (G.M.S.); (S.A.A.M.); Tel.: +964-(0)-7902-781-890 (G.M.S.); +966-(0)-530-309-899 (S.A.A.M.)
| | - Salman A. A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (G.M.S.); (S.A.A.M.); Tel.: +964-(0)-7902-781-890 (G.M.S.); +966-(0)-530-309-899 (S.A.A.M.)
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
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17
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Zhu X, Zhang Y, Liu M, Liu Y. 2D titanium carbide MXenes as emerging optical biosensing platforms. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 171:112730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Al-Dhahebi AM, Gopinath SCB, Saheed MSM. Graphene impregnated electrospun nanofiber sensing materials: a comprehensive overview on bridging laboratory set-up to industry. NANO CONVERGENCE 2020; 7:27. [PMID: 32776254 PMCID: PMC7417471 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-020-00237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the unique structural characteristics as well as outstanding physio-chemical and electrical properties, graphene enables significant enhancement with the performance of electrospun nanofibers, leading to the generation of promising applications in electrospun-mediated sensor technologies. Electrospinning is a simple, cost-effective, and versatile technique relying on electrostatic repulsion between the surface charges to continuously synthesize various scalable assemblies from a wide array of raw materials with diameters down to few nanometers. Recently, electrospun nanocomposites have emerged as promising substrates with a great potential for constructing nanoscale biosensors due to their exceptional functional characteristics such as complex pore structures, high surface area, high catalytic and electron transfer, controllable surface conformation and modification, superior electric conductivity and unique mat structure. This review comprehends graphene-based nanomaterials (GNMs) (graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO and graphene quantum dots) impregnated electrospun polymer composites for the electro-device developments, which bridges the laboratory set-up to the industry. Different techniques in the base polymers (pre-processing methods) and surface modification methods (post-processing methods) to impregnate GNMs within electrospun polymer nanofibers are critically discussed. The performance and the usage as the electrochemical biosensors for the detection of wide range analytes are further elaborated. This overview catches a great interest and inspires various new opportunities across a wide range of disciplines and designs of miniaturized point-of-care devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Mohammed Al-Dhahebi
- Department of Fundamental & Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructure & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Shuaib Mohamed Saheed
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructure & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS , 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
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19
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Determination of nitrogen deficiency-related microRNAs in plants using fluorescence quenching of graphene oxide nanosheets. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 52:101576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Iannazzo D, Celesti C, Espro C. Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots as Multifunctional Nanoplatforms for Cancer Treatment. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e1900422. [PMID: 32618417 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), the latest member of the graphene family, have attracted enormous interest in the last few years, due to their exceptional physical, chemical, electrical, optical, and biological properties. Their strong size-dependent photoluminescence and the presence of many reactive groups on the graphene surface allow their multimodal conjugation with therapeutic agents, targeting ligands, polymers, light responsive agents, fluorescent dyes, and functional nanoparticles, making them valuable agents for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this review, the very recent advances covering the last 3 years on the applications of GQDs as drug delivery systems and theranostic tools for anticancer therapy are discussed, highlighting the relevant factors which regulate their biocompatibility. Among these factors, the size, kind, and degree of surface functionalization have shown to greatly affect their use in biological systems. Toxicity issues, which still represent an open challenge for the clinical development of GQDs based therapeutic agents, are also discussed at cellular and animal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iannazzo
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Consuelo Celesti
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Claudia Espro
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, Messina, 98166, Italy
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21
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Yuan K, de la Asunción-Nadal V, Li Y, Jurado-Sánchez B, Escarpa A. Graphdiyne Micromotors in Living Biomedia. Chemistry 2020; 26:8471-8477. [PMID: 32293079 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY), a new kind of two-dimensional (2D) material, was combined with micromotor technology for "on-the-fly" operations in complex biomedia. Microtubular structures were prepared by template deposition on membrane templates, resulting in functional structures rich in sp and sp2 carbons with highly conjugated π networks. This resulted in a highly increased surface area for a higher loading of anticancer drugs or enhanced quenching ability over other 2D based micromotors, such as graphene oxide (GO) or smooth tubular micromotors. High biocompatibility with almost 100 % cell viability was observed in cytotoxicity assays with moving micromotors in the presence of HeLa cells. On a first example, GDY micromotors loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) were used for pH responsive release and HeLa cancer cells killing. The use of affinity peptide engineered GDY micromotors was also illustrated for highly sensitive and selective fluorescent OFF-ON detection of cholera toxin B through specific recognition of the subunit B region of the target toxin. The new developments illustrated here offer considerable promise for the use of GDY as part of micromotors in living biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisong Yuan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, 28871 Madrid (Spain), University of Alcala, 28807, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Victor de la Asunción-Nadal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, 28871 Madrid (Spain), University of Alcala, 28807, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yuliang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Beatriz Jurado-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, 28871 Madrid (Spain), University of Alcala, 28807, Madrid, Spain.,Chemical Research Institute "Andres M. del Rio", University of Alcala, 28807, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, 28871 Madrid (Spain), University of Alcala, 28807, Madrid, Spain.,Chemical Research Institute "Andres M. del Rio", University of Alcala, 28807, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Sarpaki S, Cortezon-Tamarit F, de Aguiar SRMM, Exner RM, Divall D, Arrowsmith RL, Ge H, Palomares FJ, Carroll L, Calatayud DG, Paisey SJ, Aboagye EO, Pascu SI. Radio- and nano-chemistry of aqueous Ga(iii) ions anchored onto graphene oxide-modified complexes. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:6603-6608. [PMID: 32181455 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10145d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The gallium-68 radiolabelling of new functional graphene oxide composites is reported herein along with kinetic stability investigations of the radio-nanohybrids under different environments and insights into their surface characteristics by SEM and XPS. The present work highlights the potential of graphene oxides as nanocarriers for small molecules such as bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complexes to act as multifunctional platforms for rapid and effective radioimaging agent incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sarpaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, BA2 7AY Bath, UK.
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23
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Abstract
Carbon nanostructures (CNs), such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, carbon dots, nanodiamonds as well as graphene and its derivatives present a tremendous potential for various biomedical applications, ranging from sensing to drug delivery and gene therapy, biomedical imaging and tissue engineering. Since most of these applications encompass blood contact or intravenous injection, hemocompatibility is a critical aspect that must be carefully considered to take advantage of CN exceptional characteristics while allowing their safe use. This review discusses the hemocompatibility of different classes of CNs with the purpose of providing biomaterial scientists with a comprehensive vision of the interactions between CNs and blood components. The various complex mechanisms involved in blood compatibility, including coagulation, hemolysis, as well as the activation of complement, platelets, and leukocytes will be considered. Special attention will be paid to the role of CN size, structure, and surface properties in the formation of the protein corona and in the processes that drive blood response. The aim of this review is to emphasize the importance of hemocompatibility for CNs intended for biomedical applications and to provide some valuable insights for the development of new generation particles with improved performance and safety in the physiological environment.
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24
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Wan Y, Zhu N, Lu Y, Wong PK. DNA Transformer for Visualizing Endogenous RNA Dynamics in Live Cells. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2626-2633. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, P. R. China
| | - Ninghao Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Pak Kin Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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25
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Gu H, Tang H, Xiong P, Zhou Z. Biomarkers-based Biosensing and Bioimaging with Graphene for Cancer Diagnosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E130. [PMID: 30669634 PMCID: PMC6358776 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
At the onset of cancer, specific biomarkers get elevated or modified in body fluids or tissues. Early diagnosis of these biomarkers can greatly improve the survival rate or facilitate effective treatment with different modalities. Potential nanomaterial-based biosensing and bioimaging are the main techniques in nanodiagnostics because of their ultra-high selectivity and sensitivity. Emerging graphene, including two dimensional (2D) graphene films, three dimensional (3D) graphene architectures and graphene hybrids (GHs) nanostructures, are attracting increasing interests in the field of biosensing and bioimaging. Due to their remarkable optical, electronic, and thermal properties; chemical and mechanical stability; large surface area; and good biocompatibility, graphene-based nanomaterials are applicable alternatives as versatile platforms to detect biomarkers at the early stage of cancer. Moreover, currently, extensive applications of graphene-based biosensing and bioimaging has resulted in promising prospects in cancer diagnosis. We also hope this review will provide critical insights to inspire more exciting researches to address the current remaining problems in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Huiling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Ping Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
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26
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Masteri-Farahani M, Askari F. Design and photophysical insights on graphene quantum dots for use as nanosensor in differentiating methamphetamine and morphine in solution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 206:448-453. [PMID: 30172872 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were prepared and utilized as nanosensor for differentiation and determination of two most common narcotic drugs i.e. morphine and methamphetamine. The microstructure and optical properties of the GQDs were investigated by various physicochemical methods. XRD analysis indicated low crystalline nature, demonstrating the graphitic nature of the GQDs. According to the Tauc plot derived from UV-Vis spectrum, the optical band gap of the GQDs was determined to ~4.98 eV, assigned to the n-π* transitions. Cyclic voltammetry analysis of the GQDs determined electrochemical band gap of ~4.88 eV with HOMO and LUMO energies equal to -6.83 eV and -1.95 eV, respectively. The GQDs were employed as fluorescent sensing probe for determination of morphine and methamphetamine. The blue fluorescence of the prepared GQDs under the excitation at 362 nm was quenched in the presence of methamphetamine and enhanced in the presence of morphine. The detection limits of 1.48 and 0.5 μg/ml were found for methamphetamine and morphine, respectively. This inexpensive sensing system shows some advantages such as short response time (t < 1 min) and low detection limit as well as nontoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faezeh Askari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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27
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Xu P, Ning P, Wang J, Qin Y, Liang F, Cheng Y. Precise control of apoptosis via gold nanostars for dose dependent photothermal therapy of melanoma. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6934-6944. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01956a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Precise induction and monitoring of cell apoptosis are significant for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy
- Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key Laboratory
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Peng Ning
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine
- Institute for Translational Nanomedicine
- Shanghai East Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine
- Institute for Translational Nanomedicine
- Shanghai East Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
| | - Yao Qin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine
- Institute for Translational Nanomedicine
- Shanghai East Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
| | - Feng Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy
- Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key Laboratory
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Yu Cheng
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine
- Institute for Translational Nanomedicine
- Shanghai East Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
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28
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Kahyaoglu LN, Rickus JL. Robust Covalent Coupling Scheme for the Development of FRET Aptasensor based on Amino-Silane-Modified Graphene Oxide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14586-14596. [PMID: 30398888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, numerous aptamers have been physisorbed on graphene oxide (GO) to develop fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based aptasensors using the fluorescence quenching property of GO. However, physisorbed aptasensors show poor signal reversibility and reproducibility as well as nonspecific probe displacement, and thereby are not suitable for many analytical applications. To overcome these problems when working with complex biological samples, we developed a facile and robust covalent surface functionalization technique for GO-based fluorescent aptasensors using a well-studied adenosine triphosphate binding aptamer (ABA). In the scheme, GO is first modified with amino-silane, and further with glutaraldehyde to create available carbonyl groups for the covalent attachment of a fluorophore and an amino dual modified ABA. The surface modification method was characterized by ζ-potential, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The linearity, sensitivity, selectivity, and reversibility of the resulting GO-based covalent aptasensor was determined and systematically compared with the physisorbed aptasensor. Although both sensors showed similar performance in terms of sensitivity and linearity, better selectivity and higher resistance to nonspecific probe displacement was achieved with the developed covalent ABA sensor. The surface modification technique developed here is independent of the aptamer sequence, and therefore could be used universally for different analytical applications simply by changing the aptamer sequence for the target biomolecule.
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29
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Ghobadi MZ, Mozhgani SH, Hakimian F, Norouzi M, Rezaee SA, Ghourchian H. Long segment detection of HTLV-1 genome based on the fluorescence quenching technique. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00996. [PMID: 30547109 PMCID: PMC6282111 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting fluorescence changes due to energy transfer between a quencher and fluorophore is a common method used for the fluorescence-based biosensors. In the present report, a new biosensor for long segment detection of the human T cell-lymphotropic virus 1 genome was constructed based on the fluorescence quenching of graphene oxide by gold nanoparticles. The fluorescence signal of unmodified graphene oxide was measured before and after hybridization of target and probes functionalized with gold nanoparticles. The limit of detection of the biosensor was determined to be around 10 pg/mL. The specific design for long segment of target assures the selectivity of biosensor. Our results proposed that further development may be useful to detect other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Zarei Ghobadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hakimian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Norouzi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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30
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Liu R, Morris E, Cheng X, Amigues E, Lau K, Kim B, Liu Y, Ke Z, Ashbrook SE, Bühl M, Dawson G. SERS of Trititanate Nanotubes: Selective Enhancement of Catechol Compounds. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Xian Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, PR; China
- Department of Chemistry; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool
| | - Edmund Morris
- Department of Chemistry; Xian Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, PR; China
- Department of Chemistry; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool
| | - Xiaorong Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Industrial Technology, Suzhou, PR; China
| | - Eric Amigues
- Department of Chemistry; Xian Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, PR; China
| | - Kim Lau
- Department of Chemistry; Xian Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, PR; China
| | - Baekman Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Xian Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, PR; China
| | - Yuanhang Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Xian Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, PR; China
| | - Zhipeng Ke
- School of Chemistry; University of St Andrews
| | | | | | - Graham Dawson
- Department of Chemistry; Xian Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, PR; China
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31
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Zhu X, Fan L, Wang S, Lei C, Huang Y, Nie Z, Yao S. Phospholipid-Tailored Titanium Carbide Nanosheets as a Novel Fluorescent Nanoprobe for Activity Assay and Imaging of Phospholipase D. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6742-6748. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shigong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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32
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Hai X, Feng J, Chen X, Wang J. Tuning the optical properties of graphene quantum dots for biosensing and bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3219-3234. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00428e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights new insights into the various strategies used to tune the optical features of graphene quantum dots, and their use as attractive and powerful probes for bio-sensing/imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hai
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- China
| | - Ji Feng
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- China
| | - Xuwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- China
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33
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Sidhu JS, Singh A, Garg N, Kaur N, Singh N. Carbon dots as analytical tools for sensing of thioredoxin reductase and screening of cancer cells. Analyst 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an02040f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The addition of Cu2+ to a CD solution quenches the fluorescence emission of CDs while on the addition of TrxR, 2-mercaptopropanoic acid released from the surface of the CDs and emission from CDs was regained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi
- India
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi
- India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh 160014
- India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Ropar
- Rupnagar
- India
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34
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Chen AW, Briseno AL, Santore MM. Tunable fluorescence quenching near the graphene-aqueous interface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 506:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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35
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Xiao Y, Sheng Y, Zhou J, Chen M, Wen W, Zhang X, Wang S. A novel label-free strategy for pathogenic DNA detection based on metal ion binding-induced fluorescence quenching of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets. Analyst 2017; 142:2617-2623. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00553a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel label-free fluorescence sensing strategy based on g-C3N4 nanosheets and metal ions is designed for pathogenic DNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Sheng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Wei Wen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
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36
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Li Y, Li P, Zhu R, Luo C, Li H, Hu S, Nie Z, Huang Y, Yao S. Multifunctional Gold Nanoclusters-Based Nanosurface Energy Transfer Probe for Real-Time Monitoring of Cell Apoptosis and Self-Evaluating of Pro-Apoptotic Theranostics. Anal Chem 2016; 88:11184-11192. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Pei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
- Wuhan Agricultural Inspection Center, Wuhan, 430016, P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shanfang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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